Background: The peculiarity in Nigerians’ demographic, socio-economic and cultural pattern necessitated the need to explore potential COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. This study investigated the determinants of willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria. Methods: An online cross-sectional study among the general population in Nigeria. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire. A total of 368 individuals participated in the research. The outcome variable was willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine coded as “Yes=1 and No=0.” Basic socio-demographic information of participants and other information related to COVID-19 were obtained. Stata MP 14 was used for the statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were presented, test of association were carried out using chi square and a binary logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine. All analyses were performed at 5% level of significance. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 29.4 + 9.65 years. Majority of the study participants were female (58.9%), Yoruba (74.7%) and dwellers of urban area (68.5%). Also, 85.6% have attained tertiary level of education. Two-fifth (40.5%) of respondent reported their willingness to take the COVID-19 if made available. Majority (69.8%) of those that are willing to take the vaccine would prefer a live attenuated form and 39.6% would prefer the vaccine administered intramuscularly. Age group≥40 years (AOR: 5.20, CI: 1.02- 26.41), currently married (AOR: 2.81, CI: 1.05 – 7.53) and susceptibility to COVID 19 infection (AOR: 2.52, CI: 1.21 – 5.26) were associated with likelihood of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: Despite the fact that majority were at risk of COVID-19 infection, willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine was low among Nigerians. Level of maturity in terms of age and marriage as well as susceptibility to COVID-19 infection increased the likelihood of accepting COVID-19 infection. In Furtherance, younger ones, unmarried and non-susceptible individual may require more efforts tailored towards enrichment of understanding about the importance of COVID-19 vaccine in other to improve the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria.

Background: We assessed the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients attendingLadoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State Nigeria.Methods and materials: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted among 143 type-2 DM patients in LAUTECH Teaching Hospital. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥140 and or diastolic BP ≥90. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and binary logistic regression.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 56.2 ±15.79 years. Hypertension was common (32.1%) among type-2 DM participants.Respondents aged 45-64 years (OR= 5.96, 95%CI= 1.60 – 19.12) had the likelihood of being hypertensive. Type-2 DM patients who were not in union (AOR=6.64, 95%CI=1.79 – 24.52) were more likely to be hypertensive. The likelihood of hypertension was lower (AOR= 0.28, 95%CI=0.11 – 0.66) among participants who engaged in moderate physical activity compared to those who engaged in low physical activity.Conclusion: This study identified the age group 45-64 years, not being in a union and engagement in low physical activity as associated factors for hypertension among Diabetes Mellitus participants. Hypertension prevention/treatment should be considered in type-2 Diabetes Mellitus routine treatment.

Although community screening and testing have been recommended by the World Health Organization, the extent of readiness and the associated factors among rural populations remain unknown. We investigated the factors associated with perception of the COVID-19 transmission risk and readiness for testing in rural areas of Southwest Nigeria.

The menace of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among low- and middle-income countries with no access to a free HPV vaccine is a public health concern. HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Nigeria, while the most known types of HPV genotypes being transmitted are the high-risk HPV-16 and 18 genotypes. In this study, we explored the predictors of self-reported HPV infections and HPV genital warts infection among a population of students, non-academic staff, and academic staff of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida (IBB) University located in Lapai, Nigeria. We also assessed their knowledge about HPV infections and genotypes, and sexual behaviors. An online cross-sectional study was conducted by setting up a structured questionnaire on Google Forms and it was distributed to the university community via Facebook and other social media platforms of the university. The form captured questions on HPV infection, and knowledge about HPV infection and genotypes, as well as the sexual health of the participants. All variables were described using frequencies and percentage distribution; chi-squared test statistics were used to explore the association between HPV infection (medical records of HPV infection) and the participants’ profile, and a logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with HPV genital warts infection among the population. This study reveals those participants between the ages of 26–40 years (81.3%) and those currently not in a sexually active relationship—single/divorced (26.4%)—who have self-reported having the HPV-16 and -18 genotypes. Moreover, participants between 26–40 years of age (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.22–0.89) reported themselves to be carriers of HPV genital warts. Therefore, this study reveals the factors associated with HPV infection and genital warts peculiar to IBB university students and staff. Hence, we suggest the need for HPV awareness programs and free HPV vaccine availability at IBB university.

Introduction: Vaccine preventable disease remained issue of major concern to the global health system. Low coverage of immunization necessitated the need to explore the determinants of immunization uptake. Factors influencing immunization coverage in South-West Nigeria were investigated in this study. Methods: Data from the Nigeria demographic and health survey (NDHS) was used for this study. Our focus was on children between 12 to 23 months whose parents were residents of South-West Nigeria. A total of 655 records were used for the analysis of this study. The outcome variable (child’s immunization status) was categorized as “non-or- under immunized and fully immunized”. Considered explanatory variables were children and parents’ characteristics. Data were analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive statistics were presented and generalized linear model was used to explore the determinants of immunization completeness. Results: Of the 665 children whose mean age was 16.7 ± 3.4 SD months, 62.3% were non-or-under immunized, while only 79.8% were birthed in the health facility. Majority of them (65.1%) were not presented for postnatal check within two months of birth while 51% do not have health card. About 79% of the mothers said distance to the health facility was not a problem. In this study, postnatal check within 2 months of birth, type of residence and ownership of health card were identified factors influencing the uptake of immunization. For instance, Those who said distance is a problem were 3 times less likely to fully immunize their children (AOR=0.28, p=0.000, 95% CI: 0.16-0.47). Obviously, ownership of health card (AOR=15.34, p=0.000, 95% CI: 9.86-23.88) and postnatal check within 2 months of birth (AOR=1.78, 95% CI: 0.37-0.86) were associated with the likelihood of complete immunization. Conclusion: Immunization uptake was very low in South-West Nigeria. Factors that were positively associated with completeness of immunization include observance of postnatal check and ownership of healthcare card while problem of distance to health facility was negatively associated. Increasing vaccination coverage/ completeness would ameliorate, if policy geared towards the improvement of postnatal check-ups, distribution of healthcare facilities within residential areas and strict adherence to the use of health care are considered in the South-West Nigeria.

The extent to which women of reproductive age (15-49 years) experience infertility have not been fully explored in developing countries including Nigeria. Assessing the factors associated with infertility among infertile women can inform interventions to support their needs. This study was conducted to investigate the risk-factors of infertility among women in Boripe local government area (BLGA) of Osun State. A matched case-control study was conducted among infertile women attending the infertility clinic and fertile women attending ante-natal clinic in three health facilities namely: Ada health facility, Isale Oyo health facility and MDGs Oloti health facility in Boripe local government area in Osun state, Nigeria. Cases (n=135) were gotten from the infertility clinic across the three study facilities and controls (n=135) were the pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic in the three health facilities. Mean age was 29 ± 6.7 years, ranging from 16 to 47 years. Higher proportion of the infertile women (72.6%) had primary infertility, and a lot (35.9%) were not on treatment. Associated factors were partners’ age (p=0.007), income (p=0.067), age at menstrual debut (p=0.049), mental wellbeing (p=0.006). Factors associated with the likelihood of infertility were age at menstrual debut (>=15 years) (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.07-6.75) in relative to age at menstrual debut (< 15 years). This study revealed a high prevalence of primary infertility, income, dietary habit and age at menstrual debut were associated with the likelihood of infertility. Much attention towards improving knowledge about factors influencing infertility such as dietary habit and early treatment for teenagers who have late menstrual debut will be helpful in reducing burden of infertility. Also, this study revealed that majority of the infertile women was not on treatments. This suggests that, it is likely that most of them were not seeing a pregnancy counselor. The role of pregnancy counseling on infertility should be appropriately explored in further studies.