Intracoronal resorption (IR) is a condition characterized by the presence of lesions in the dentin of unerupted or erupting teeth, usually located just below the enamel–dentin junction in the occlusal part of the crown. This article presents two cases of IR—one with and one without pulp involvement. In both cases, the teeth were asymptomatic, and the lesions were discovered during routine checkups. The first case presents pre‐eruptive IR with pulp involvement in an immature mandibular molar. To preserve the vitality of the growth zone and complete root development, vital pulp therapy was performed through total coronal pulpotomy and application of Biodentine. The second case is also of a mandibular molar with incomplete root development, but although it initially resembled invasive cervical resorption, treatment revealed that the granulation tissue was surrounded by intact enamel and did not affect the pulp or root of the tooth. No carious lesion was found. The tooth was conventionally restored with a composite filling.

X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is a rare genetic disorder with a frequency of 1:20,000, caused by mutations in the PHEX gene, resulting in impaired phosphate metabolism and bone mineralization. There is an association between hypophosphatemia and dental issues, though this link is not definitively established. This study aims to evaluate the dental status, including oral hygiene, caries prevalence, and malocclusions, as well as parental awareness of dental complications, in children with XLH in Bulgaria, particularly those receiving or about to begin burosumab treatment, and to compare their oral health status with that of healthy children. Eleven children with XLH (seven girls, four boys, aged 2.5–17 years), nine receiving burosumab, were assessed and compared with eleven age- and gender-matched healthy children (seven girls, four boys, aged 2.5–17 years) without XLH or systemic conditions affecting dental health. Parental awareness of dental implications was assessed via a questionnaire, revealing no awareness of potential complications. Oral hygiene, measured using the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-s), was poor in 66.67% of children, with an average of 6.45 ± 5.80 carious lesions per child, and was highest in the 11–16 age group. Malocclusions were observed in 63.64% of children, and spontaneous endodontic infections occurred in 18.18%. Compared with healthy children, patients with XLH had significantly worse oral hygiene (p = 0.013) and a higher caries prevalence (p = 0.001). Children with XLH exhibit poor oral hygiene, a high caries burden, and frequent malocclusions, compounded by a lack of parental awareness of dental risks. These findings underscore the need for targeted dental interventions and education in XLH management, including the integration of routine dental assessments and structured parental education programs into existing clinical protocols to improve oral health outcomes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the surface microroughness (Ra) of primary tooth enamel and different restorative materials (compomer and bulk-fill composites) before and after simulated toothbrushing. Material and methods: Exfoliated intact primary molars and four restorative materials (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill, VisCalor Bulk, SonicFill 3, and Dyract as a control) were tested (n=10 per group). Disc-shaped specimens from each material (10 mm diameter, 2 mm thick) were prepared using silicone molds. Surface roughness was measured using a precision tester (profilometer) before and after 20,000 cycles of simulated toothbrushing in a custom-designed machine. The paste used in the study was Elmex Junior (RDA=60) with a soft-bristle toothbrush. Results: Baseline Ra values were lowest for enamel (0.189 μm) and highest for Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill (0.68 μm). After toothbrushing, all groups except Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill (p=0.57) showed significant increases in Ra: enamel to 0.282 μm (p=0.013), VisCalor Bulk to 1.07 μm (p<0.001), SonicFill to 0.905 μm (p=0.003), and Dyract to 0.559 μm (p=0.004). Bulk-fill composites exhibited greater roughness increases than the compomer and enamel. Conclusion: Simulated toothbrushing significantly increased surface microroughness in primary molars' enamel and most restorative materials, with bulk-fill composites showing greater susceptibility than compomers. Enamel maintained the smoothest surfaces, suggesting superior resistance to abrasive wear compared to the tested restorative materials.