In recent advancements in agricultural technology, quantum mechanics and deep learning integration have shown promising potential to revolutionize rice yield forecasting methods. This research introduces a novel Hybrid Quantum Deep Learning model that leverages the intricate processing capabilities of quantum computing combined with the robust pattern recognition prowess of deep learning algorithms such as Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM). Bi-LSTM networks are used for temporal feature extraction and quantum circuits for quantum feature processing. Quantum circuits leverage quantum superposition and entanglement to enhance data representation by capturing intricate feature interactions. These enriched quantum features are combined with the temporal features extracted by Bi-LSTM and fed into an XGBoost regressor. By synthesizing quantum feature processing and classical machine learning techniques, our model aims to improve prediction accuracy significantly. Based on measurements of mean square error (MSE), the coefficient of determination ($R^2$), and mean average error (MAE), the results are 1.191621 × 10⁻⁵, 0.999929482, and 0.001392724, respectively. This value is so close to perfect that it helps make essential decisions in global agricultural planning and management.

This research aims to develop a robust diabetes classification method by integrating the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE)-Tomek technique for data balancing and using a machine learning ensemble led by eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) as a meta-learner. We propose an ensemble model that combines deep learning techniques such as Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRU) with XGB classifier as the base learner. The data used included the Pima Indians Diabetes and Iraqi Society Diabetes datasets, which were processed by missing value handling, duplication, normalization, and the application of SMOTE-Tomek to resolve data imbalances. XGB, as a meta-learner, successfully improves the model's predictive ability by reducing bias and variance, resulting in more accurate and robust classification. The proposed ensemble model achieves perfect accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, and F1 score of 100% on all tested datasets. This method shows that combining ensemble learning techniques with a rigorous preprocessing approach can significantly improve diabetes classification performance.

In the evolving landscape of agricultural technology, recognizing rice diseases through computational models is a critical challenge, predominantly addressed through Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). However, the localized feature extraction of CNNs often falls short in complex scenarios, necessitating a shift towards models capable of global contextual understanding. Enter the Vision Transformer (ViT), a paradigm-shifting deep learning model that leverages a self-attention mechanism to transcend the limitations of CNNs by capturing image features in a comprehensive global context. This research embarks on an ambitious journey to refine and adapt the ViT Base(B) transfer learning model for the nuanced task of rice disease recognition. Through meticulous reconfiguration, layer augmentation, and hyperparameter tuning, the study tests the model's prowess across both balanced and imbalanced datasets, revealing its remarkable ability to outperform traditional CNN models, including VGG, MobileNet, and EfficientNet. The proposed ViT model not only achieved superior recall (0.9792), precision (0.9815), specificity (0.9938), f1-score (0.9791), and accuracy (0.9792) on challenging datasets but also established a new benchmark in rice disease recognition, underscoring its potential as a transformative tool in the agricultural domain. This work not only showcases the ViT model's superior performance and stability across diverse tasks and datasets but also illuminates its potential to revolutionize rice disease recognition, setting the stage for future explorations in agricultural AI applications.

Skin is the largest organ in humans, it functions as the outermost protector of the organs inside. Therefore, the skin is often attacked by various diseases, especially cancer. Skin cancer is divided into two, namely benign and malignant. Malignant has the potential to spread and increase the risk of death. Skin cancer detection traditionally involves time-consuming laboratory tests to determine malignancy or benignity. Therefore, there is a demand for computer-assisted diagnosis through image analysis to expedite disease identification and classification. This study proposes to use the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classifier and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) to classify these two types of skin cancer. Apart from that, the average filter is also used for preprocessing. The analysis was carried out comprehensively by carrying out 480 experiments on the ISIC dataset. Dataset variations were also carried out using random sampling techniques to test on smaller datasets, where experiments were carried out on 3297, 1649, 825, and 210 images. Several KNN parameters, namely the number of neighbors (k)=1 and distance (d)=1 to 3 were tested at angles 0, 45, 90, and 135. Maximum accuracy results were 79.24%, 79.39%, 83.63%, and 100% for respectively 3297, 1649, 825, and 210. These findings show that the KNN method is more effective in working on smaller datasets, besides that the use of the average filter also has a significant contribution in increasing the accuracy.

This research introduces an innovative image encryption method that amalgamates two secure and efficient chaotic maps, namely a 2D Simplified Quadratic Polynomial Map (2D-SQPM) and a 2D Symbolic Chaotic Map (2D-SCM), within an enhanced Feistel network structure. The primary motivation for this research is to address the limitations of current image encryption methods that are vulnerable to statistical and differential attacks. A hash function is also integrated to elevate the key’s security and sensitivity. Unlike standard Feistel networks, which split the plaintext into two parts and employ only XOR operations at the bit level, this research’s Feistel Network modification involves dividing the plaintext into four sections and introducing a diverse set of operations, including substitution and permutation at both the bit and byte levels across different parts, thereby optimizing confusion and diffusion effects. The empirical evaluation demonstrates that this method significantly reduces pixel correlation and strengthens encryption against statistical and differential attacks. Supported by various analytical tools like entropy analysis, NPCR, UACI, chi-square, key space and sensitivity analysis, robustness testing, and NIST suite evaluations, the proposed method significantly enhances image encryption performance. In conclusion, the proposed method effectively secures image data and sets a new benchmark in image encryption. The significance of this research lies in its integration of complex, chaotic dynamics and advanced encryption mechanisms, providing a substantial contribution to digital information security.

Aspect-based sentiment Analysis (ABSA) is vital in capturing customer opinions on specific e-commerce products and service attributes. This study proposes a hybrid deep learning model integrating Bi-Directional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRU) and Bi-Directional Attention Flow (BiDAF) to perform aspect-level sentiment classification. BiGRU captures sequential dependencies, while BiDAF enhances attention by focusing on sentiment-relevant segments. The model is trained on an Amazon review dataset with preprocessing steps, including emoji handling, slang normalization, and lemmatization. It achieves a peak training accuracy of 99.78% at epoch 138 with early stopping. The model delivers a strong performance on the Amazon test set across four key aspects: price, quality, service, and delivery, with F1 scores ranging from 0.90 to 0.92. The model was also evaluated on the SemEval 2014 ABSA dataset to assess generalizability. Results on the restaurant domain achieved an F1-score of 88.78% and 83.66% on the laptop domain, outperforming several state-of-the-art baselines. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the BiGRU-BiDAF architecture in modeling aspect-specific sentiment across diverse domains.