In this paper, onsite measurements and a subjective questionnaire were conducted to study the thermal environment and heating condition of bedrooms during the winter in rural areas in China’s hot summer and cold winter (HSCW) region. Indoor and outdoor thermal environmental parameters were measured to evaluate the thermal conditions of bedrooms. Thermal sensation/tendency/acceptance, heating, and health condition were investigated to complete the analysis of attitudes of local residents on the thermal environment of bedrooms, heating and health issues, as well as the analysis of buildings. The observed results demonstrate that occupants in this region have a strong tolerance to low-temperature environments with the 80% acceptable lower temperature of 4.7 °C and a neutral temperature of 10.7 °C, with an average clothing insulation over 2.2 clo. Oversized volume and acreage of buildings and windows induce a lower temperature in the bedroom. Infants have a significant effect on heating requirements, including heating duration and temperature setpoint. Local residents are highly concerned about the costs, safety, and health related to heating and thermal environments. All evidence obtained through this investigation shows that it is beneficial to formulate regulations for the shape, envelope, and centralized heating policy for rural residential buildings in the HSCW region.

Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) is directly associated with smog and has become the primary factor that threatens air quality in China. In order to investigate the variation patterns of PM_2.5 concentrations in various regions of Wuhan city across different time spans, we analyzed continuous monitoring data from six monitoring sites in Wuhan city from 2013 to 2017. The results showed that the PM_2.5 concentration from the various monitoring sites in the five-year period showed a decreasing trend. January, October, and December are the three months with relatively high mean monthly PM_2.5 concentrations in the year, while June, July, and August are the three months with relatively low mean monthly PM_2.5 concentrations in the year. The number of days with a daily mean concentration of 35–75 μg/m³ was the highest, while the number of days with a daily mean concentration of more than 250 μg/m³ was the lowest. PM_2.5 accounted for a large proportion of the major pollutants and is the main source of air pollution in Wuhan city, with an average proportion of over 46%.

To alleviate the urban heat island effect and reduce the consumption of electricity and expenditure caused by active cooling devices on hot days, many cities in tropical and subtropical areas emphasize the utilization of urban greening areas in current and future urban planning. We utilized the weather research and forecasting model (WRF) to simulate and study the impact of different greening area rates on the urban microclimate in business, residential, and industrial areas in Wuhan city. Meanwhile, we proposed two efficiency coefficients to evaluate the variable cooling benefit of the improvement of the greening area. The results show that greening areas and water bodies are the cooling sources of cities and that industrial areas benefit the most from improvements in the greening rate, with the average temperature declining by 1.06 °C with a 20% increase in the greening rate, while the corresponding values of residential and industrial areas were 0.98 °C and 0.92 °C, respectively. This research provides a reference for the future planning of tropical and subtropical areas to help improve the urban microclimate, thermal environment, and environmental comfort on hot days.