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Paul Turner
ARC Centre for Forest Value, eLogistics Research Group (eLRG), Discipline of ICT, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia

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Journal article
Published: 09 April 2021 in Forests
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Australia’s large potential forest bioenergy resource is considerably underutilised, due largely to its high delivered costs. Drying forest biomass at the roadside can potentially reduce its delivered cost through weight reduction and increased net calorific value. There has been little research on the impact of roadside drying for Australian conditions and plantation species. This study compared delivered costs for three forest biomass types—Eucalyptus globulus plantation whole trees and logging residue (LR)-disaggregated (LR conventional) or aggregated (LR fuel-adapted)—and three roadside storage scenarios—no storage, ≤two-month storage and optimal storage—to supply a hypothetical thermal power plant in south-west Western Australia. The study was performed using a tactical linear programming tool (MCPlan). Roadside storage reduced delivered costs, with optimal storage (storage for up to 14 months) producing the lowest costs. Delivered costs were inversely related to forest biomass spatial density due to transport cost reductions. Whole trees, which had the highest spatial density, stored under the optimal storage scenario had the lowest delivered costs (AUD 7.89/MWh) while LR conventional, with the lowest spatial density, had the highest delivered costs when delivered without storage (AUD 15.51/MWh). For both LR types, two-month storage achieved ~60% of the savings from the optimal storage scenario but only 23% of the savings for whole trees. The findings suggested that roadside drying and high forest biomass spatial density are critical to reducing forest biomass delivered costs.

ACS Style

Martin Strandgard; Mohammad Taskhiri; Mauricio Acuna; Paul Turner. Impact of Roadside Drying on Delivered Costs for Eucalyptus globulus Logging Residue and Whole Trees Supplying a Hypothetical Energy Plant in Western Australia Using a Linear-Programming Model. Forests 2021, 12, 455 .

AMA Style

Martin Strandgard, Mohammad Taskhiri, Mauricio Acuna, Paul Turner. Impact of Roadside Drying on Delivered Costs for Eucalyptus globulus Logging Residue and Whole Trees Supplying a Hypothetical Energy Plant in Western Australia Using a Linear-Programming Model. Forests. 2021; 12 (4):455.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Strandgard; Mohammad Taskhiri; Mauricio Acuna; Paul Turner. 2021. "Impact of Roadside Drying on Delivered Costs for Eucalyptus globulus Logging Residue and Whole Trees Supplying a Hypothetical Energy Plant in Western Australia Using a Linear-Programming Model." Forests 12, no. 4: 455.

Journal article
Published: 07 April 2021 in Remote Sensing
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Forest inventories play an important role in enabling informed decisions to be made for the management and conservation of forest resources; however, the process of collecting inventory information is laborious. Despite advancements in mapping technologies allowing forests to be digitized in finer granularity than ever before, it is still common for forest measurements to be collected using simple tools such as calipers, measuring tapes, and hypsometers. Dense understory vegetation and complex forest structures can present substantial challenges to point cloud processing tools, often leading to erroneous measurements, and making them of less utility in complex forests. To address this challenge, this research demonstrates an effective deep learning approach for semantically segmenting high-resolution forest point clouds from multiple different sensing systems in diverse forest conditions. Seven diverse point cloud datasets were manually segmented to train and evaluate this model, resulting in per-class segmentation accuracies of Terrain: 95.92%, Vegetation: 96.02%, Coarse Woody Debris: 54.98%, and Stem: 96.09%. By exploiting the segmented point cloud, we also present a method of extracting a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) from such segmented point clouds. This approach was applied to a set of six point clouds that were made publicly available as part of a benchmarking study to evaluate the DTM performance. The mean DTM error was 0.04 m relative to the reference with 99.9% completeness. These approaches serve as useful steps toward a fully automated and reliable measurement extraction tool, agnostic to the sensing technology used or the complexity of the forest, provided that the point cloud has sufficient coverage and accuracy. Ongoing work will see these models incorporated into a fully automated forest measurement tool for the extraction of structural metrics for applications in forestry, conservation, and research.

ACS Style

Sean Krisanski; Mohammad Taskhiri; Susana Gonzalez Aracil; David Herries; Paul Turner. Sensor Agnostic Semantic Segmentation of Structurally Diverse and Complex Forest Point Clouds Using Deep Learning. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 1413 .

AMA Style

Sean Krisanski, Mohammad Taskhiri, Susana Gonzalez Aracil, David Herries, Paul Turner. Sensor Agnostic Semantic Segmentation of Structurally Diverse and Complex Forest Point Clouds Using Deep Learning. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (8):1413.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sean Krisanski; Mohammad Taskhiri; Susana Gonzalez Aracil; David Herries; Paul Turner. 2021. "Sensor Agnostic Semantic Segmentation of Structurally Diverse and Complex Forest Point Clouds Using Deep Learning." Remote Sensing 13, no. 8: 1413.

Journal article
Published: 27 February 2021 in Biomass and Bioenergy
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Forest biofuel delivered costs are generally uncompetitive with fossil fuels. Drying forest biofuel can potentially reduce delivered costs through weight reductions and net calorific value increases. The study examined the impact of roadside drying (RD) and use of high-volumetric capacity trucks on delivered costs of Pinus radiata pulp-logs and logging residue (LR) chips supplying a gasification plant. Five truck configurations: 6-axle semi-trailers; 9-axle B-doubles; proposed high-volumetric (HV) capacity versions of these trucks (HV semi-trailers and B-doubles); and 11-axle pocket road trains (PRT), were investigated across six supply areas using a forest biomass supply chain tool. Without RD all truck configurations were weight limited transporting logs, and all (except HV semi-trailers and B-doubles) were volume limited transporting LR chips. Post-RD all truck configurations were volume limited transporting logs or LR chips, (except HV B-doubles transporting logs). RD considerably reduced delivered costs: PRT (22%), B-doubles (24%), semi-trailers (25%) for logs and PRT (28%), B-doubles (29%), semi-trailers (30%) for LR chips. Delivered cost differences between truck configurations reflected transport cost differences. Without RD, truck trips transporting log were directly related to truck weight capacity. Additional volumetric capacity enabled HV semi-trailers and B-doubles to transport 6% and 4% more LR chips than standard versions, respectively, with equivalent truck trip reductions. RD weight reductions were: logs (33%); LR chips (53%), with consequent reductions in truck trips. PRTs required fewest truck trips to transport logs and LR chips without RD and the second fewest for logs post-RD due to their high weight and volumetric capacities.

ACS Style

Martin Strandgard; Mauricio Acuna; Paul Turner; Luke Mirowski. Use of modelling to compare the impact of roadside drying of Pinus radiata D.Don logs and logging residues on delivered costs using high capacity trucks in Australia. Biomass and Bioenergy 2021, 147, 106000 .

AMA Style

Martin Strandgard, Mauricio Acuna, Paul Turner, Luke Mirowski. Use of modelling to compare the impact of roadside drying of Pinus radiata D.Don logs and logging residues on delivered costs using high capacity trucks in Australia. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2021; 147 ():106000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Strandgard; Mauricio Acuna; Paul Turner; Luke Mirowski. 2021. "Use of modelling to compare the impact of roadside drying of Pinus radiata D.Don logs and logging residues on delivered costs using high capacity trucks in Australia." Biomass and Bioenergy 147, no. : 106000.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2020 in Life
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Health care systems struggle to consistently deliver integrated high-quality, safe, and patient-centered care to all in an economically sustainable manner. Inequity of access to health care services and variation in diagnostic and treatment outcomes are common. Further, as health care systems become ever more complex, iatrogenesis and counter productivity have emerged as real dangers. In exploring this paradox, this paper considers a subset of those in society living with chronic conditions. Their attributes and circumstances have led to them being marginalized or excluded from ‘end-user’ engagement and/or from their requirements being incorporated into technology supported chronic disease management initiatives. Significantly, these citizens are often the most vulnerable and socially disadvantaged and tend to achieve poorer results and cost more per capita than the ‘average patient’ in their interactions with the health care system. Critically, this paper argues that a truly people-centered technology supported chronic care system can only be designed by understanding and responding to the needs, attributes and capabilities of the most vulnerable in society. This paper suggests innovative ways of supporting interactions with these ‘end-users’ and highlights how reflection on these approaches can contribute to emancipating the health system to move towards more socially inclusive eHealth solutions.

ACS Style

Lars Botin; Pernille S. Bertelsen; Lars Kayser; Paul Turner; Sidsel Villumsen; Christian Nøhr. People Centeredness, Chronic Conditions and Diversity Sensitive eHealth: Exploring Emancipation of the ‘Health Care System’ and the ‘Patient’ in Health Informatics. Life 2020, 10, 329 .

AMA Style

Lars Botin, Pernille S. Bertelsen, Lars Kayser, Paul Turner, Sidsel Villumsen, Christian Nøhr. People Centeredness, Chronic Conditions and Diversity Sensitive eHealth: Exploring Emancipation of the ‘Health Care System’ and the ‘Patient’ in Health Informatics. Life. 2020; 10 (12):329.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lars Botin; Pernille S. Bertelsen; Lars Kayser; Paul Turner; Sidsel Villumsen; Christian Nøhr. 2020. "People Centeredness, Chronic Conditions and Diversity Sensitive eHealth: Exploring Emancipation of the ‘Health Care System’ and the ‘Patient’ in Health Informatics." Life 10, no. 12: 329.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2020 in Remote Sensing
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The application of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) beneath the forest canopy provides a potentially valuable alternative to ground-based measurement techniques in areas of dense canopy cover and undergrowth. This research presents results from a study of a consumer-grade UAS flown under the forest canopy in challenging forest and terrain conditions. This UAS was deployed to assess under-canopy UAS photogrammetry as an alternative to field measurements for obtaining stem diameters as well as ultra-high-resolution (~400,000 points/m2) 3D models of forest study sites. There were 378 tape-based diameter measurements collected from 99 stems in a native, unmanaged eucalyptus pulchella forest with mixed understory conditions and steep terrain. These measurements were used as a baseline to evaluate the accuracy of diameter measurements from under-canopy UAS-based photogrammetric point clouds. The diameter measurement accuracy was evaluated without the influence of a digital terrain model using an innovative tape-based method. A practical and detailed methodology is presented for the creation of these point clouds. Lastly, a metric called the Circumferential Completeness Index (CCI) was defined to address the absence of a clearly defined measure of point coverage when measuring stem diameters from forest point clouds. The measurement of the mean CCI is suggested for use in future studies to enable a consistent comparison of the coverage of forest point clouds using different sensors, point densities, trajectories, and methodologies. It was found that root-mean-squared-errors of diameter measurements were 0.011 m in Site 1 and 0.021 m in the more challenging Site 2. The point clouds in this study had a mean validated CCI of 0.78 for Site 1 and 0.7 for Site 2, with a mean unvalidated CCI of 0.86 for Site 1 and 0.89 for Site 2. The results in this study demonstrate that under-canopy UAS photogrammetry shows promise in becoming a practical alternative to traditional field measurements, however, these results are currently reliant upon the operator’s knowledge of photogrammetry and his/her ability to fly manually in object-rich environments. Future work should pursue solutions to autonomous operation, more complete point clouds, and a method for providing scale to point clouds when global navigation satellite systems are unavailable.

ACS Style

Sean Krisanski; Mohammad Taskhiri; Paul Turner. Enhancing Methods for Under-Canopy Unmanned Aircraft System Based Photogrammetry in Complex Forests for Tree Diameter Measurement. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 1652 .

AMA Style

Sean Krisanski, Mohammad Taskhiri, Paul Turner. Enhancing Methods for Under-Canopy Unmanned Aircraft System Based Photogrammetry in Complex Forests for Tree Diameter Measurement. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (10):1652.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sean Krisanski; Mohammad Taskhiri; Paul Turner. 2020. "Enhancing Methods for Under-Canopy Unmanned Aircraft System Based Photogrammetry in Complex Forests for Tree Diameter Measurement." Remote Sensing 12, no. 10: 1652.

Journal article
Published: 25 February 2020 in Food Control
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Southern Rock Lobster (SRL) is an important commercial export fishery of the Australian economy with a contribution of $250 million annually. However, a range of risks relating to food safety and product fraud requires this industry to develop an effective traceability solution. In response to this biometric identification techniques are seen as a possible solution to provide greater security compared to the current tag-based tracking systems. This paper describes how a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) can be used in conjunction with image processing techniques to enable an autonomic grading solution in the SRL supply chain. The research is an essential part of an overall investigation into designing a low-cost biometric identification solution for tracking lobsters along their supply chain from catch to table. By using a CNN, the research aims to improve the previous research on lobster grading in establishing a reliable and flexible traceability method to meet different supply chain contexts. In this approach, a pre-trained Mask-RCNN model was adopted to extract regions of interest from lobster images. The deep learning ability of this model allows the carapace areas to be segmented from lobster images automatically for calculating grading attributes including size, weight and colour. This outcome then also generates a high-quality input dataset for the follow-up research on identifying individual lobsters. To prove the effectiveness, the proposed method was validated on a large image dataset collected at a lobster processor and tested on mobile application environment. The findings establish a critical contribution to the complete biometric solution developed for SRL products traceability.

ACS Style

Son Anh Vo; Joel Scanlan; Paul Turner. An application of Convolutional Neural Network to lobster grading in the Southern Rock Lobster supply chain. Food Control 2020, 113, 107184 .

AMA Style

Son Anh Vo, Joel Scanlan, Paul Turner. An application of Convolutional Neural Network to lobster grading in the Southern Rock Lobster supply chain. Food Control. 2020; 113 ():107184.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Son Anh Vo; Joel Scanlan; Paul Turner. 2020. "An application of Convolutional Neural Network to lobster grading in the Southern Rock Lobster supply chain." Food Control 113, no. : 107184.

Journal article
Published: 23 January 2020 in Energy
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Internationally biomass residues, primarily from forestry and agricultural production cycles, are increasingly being used to produce bio-energy. This case study presents modelling of the potential socio-economic impacts from a proposed co-generation bio-energy plant (under 50 MW) in the Valley Central Industrial Precinct (VCIP) in Northern Tasmania. The modelling uses data related to residue availability and bio-energy generation output to examine and evaluate potential impacts under a range of scenarios. Potential bio-energy residue feedstock is categorised into viable onsite and offsite sources and quantified in terms of their different bio-energy outputs for different sized bio-energy plants. To complete the evaluation of the potential socio-economic impact of the proposed plant, analysis is conducted using the JEDI (Jobs and Economic Development Impact model). The results of the modelling indicate that the location, quality and quantity of biomass residue feedstock and optimal socio-economic impacts are best aligned with the local supply chain by a bio-energy plant of (10 MW). Importantly, the modelling presented in this paper excludes consideration of forest harvest residues as a potential source of biomass residues due to the lack of certainty on the viability of commercial supply to the VCIP. In this context, it is anticipated that the underlying assumptions and approach used in this case study will be of value to other regions exploring the viability of bioenergy generation from biomass residues.

ACS Style

Heesung Woo; Martin Moroni; Joowon Park; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner. Residues and bio-energy generation: A case study modelling value chain optimisation in Tasmania. Energy 2020, 196, 117007 .

AMA Style

Heesung Woo, Martin Moroni, Joowon Park, Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri, Paul Turner. Residues and bio-energy generation: A case study modelling value chain optimisation in Tasmania. Energy. 2020; 196 ():117007.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Heesung Woo; Martin Moroni; Joowon Park; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner. 2020. "Residues and bio-energy generation: A case study modelling value chain optimisation in Tasmania." Energy 196, no. : 117007.

Conference paper
Published: 24 August 2019 in Security Education and Critical Infrastructures
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This research improves understanding of the impact of specific types of truck driver behaviour and temporal scheduling on the effectiveness of a terminal appointment system. A discrete event simulation model of a bulk cargo marine terminal is developed to analyse parameters related to driver behaviour (punctuality and proportion of planned appointments) and temporal scheduling (appointments per time window and time window spacing) on truck flows and turnaround times at the terminal. The model is based on an Australian wood chip export marine terminal currently experiencing significant truck congestion. The terminal operator and stakeholders have expressed interest in the implementation of an appointment system to address this issue. The modelling presented in this research was used to inform their investigation into developing an appointment system solution. Simulation results indicate that the proportion of planned appointments, used as a proxy for the appointment system use, has a significant impact on truck turnaround times. Greater truck arrival punctuality only marginally improves truck turnaround times. Interestingly most optimization approaches continue to focus on improving punctuality through service rules or financial penalties in order to achieve optimal turnaround times. However, the additional cost in terms of complexity or assumptions for optimal solutions against non-optimal approaches are rarely weighed in terms of dividends of the marginal improvements generated. By involving terminal users (drivers and transporters) in the design of an appointment system and its scheduling parameters, terminal operators can significantly improve appointment system use and effectiveness by increasing the probability of positive users’ behaviours.

ACS Style

Mihai Neagoe; Hans-Henrik Hvolby; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner. Understanding the Impact of User Behaviours and Scheduling Parameters on the Effectiveness of a Terminal Appointment System Using Discrete Event Simulation. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures 2019, 27 -34.

AMA Style

Mihai Neagoe, Hans-Henrik Hvolby, Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri, Paul Turner. Understanding the Impact of User Behaviours and Scheduling Parameters on the Effectiveness of a Terminal Appointment System Using Discrete Event Simulation. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures. 2019; ():27-34.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mihai Neagoe; Hans-Henrik Hvolby; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner. 2019. "Understanding the Impact of User Behaviours and Scheduling Parameters on the Effectiveness of a Terminal Appointment System Using Discrete Event Simulation." Security Education and Critical Infrastructures , no. : 27-34.

Conference paper
Published: 24 August 2019 in Security Education and Critical Infrastructures
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Reducing the volume of trucks carrying empty or below capacity loads on road networks are both socio-economic and environmental sustainability issues for the logistics industry. Planning concepts for a collaborative logistics exchange based on real-time data are described as well as the benefits in terms of optimizing load capacity utilization, minimization of empty running, reducing costs, traffic congestion, and truck emissions.

ACS Style

Hans-Henrik Hvolby; Kenn Steger-Jensen; Mihai Neagoe; Sven Vestergaard; Paul Turner. Collaborative Exchange of Cargo Truck Loads: Approaches to Reducing Empty Trucks in Logistics Chains. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures 2019, 68 -74.

AMA Style

Hans-Henrik Hvolby, Kenn Steger-Jensen, Mihai Neagoe, Sven Vestergaard, Paul Turner. Collaborative Exchange of Cargo Truck Loads: Approaches to Reducing Empty Trucks in Logistics Chains. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures. 2019; ():68-74.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hans-Henrik Hvolby; Kenn Steger-Jensen; Mihai Neagoe; Sven Vestergaard; Paul Turner. 2019. "Collaborative Exchange of Cargo Truck Loads: Approaches to Reducing Empty Trucks in Logistics Chains." Security Education and Critical Infrastructures , no. : 68-74.

Journal article
Published: 08 August 2019
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ACS Style

Helen Almond; E Cummings; Paul Turner. Empowerment, Digital Literacy and Shared Digital Health Records: The Value of 'nothing about me without me'. 2019, 266, 13 -19.

AMA Style

Helen Almond, E Cummings, Paul Turner. Empowerment, Digital Literacy and Shared Digital Health Records: The Value of 'nothing about me without me'. . 2019; 266 ():13-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Helen Almond; E Cummings; Paul Turner. 2019. "Empowerment, Digital Literacy and Shared Digital Health Records: The Value of 'nothing about me without me'." 266, no. : 13-19.

Articles
Published: 13 May 2019 in Journal of Agricultural & Food Information
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This study presents a framework to understand the complex relationships between consumer attributes, information, and their contexts of use, to enhance interventions for behavioral change in safe food management (SFM). Based on 70 selected research papers published between 2004 and 2018, the paper presents a review of relevant literature for enhancing consumer SFM behaviors, a conceptual framework synthesizing the literature, practical considerations for developing food safety information interventions, and knowledge gaps and areas of further investigation.

ACS Style

Adeola Bamgboje-Ayodele; Leonie Ellis; Paul Turner. Developing a Framework for Understanding and Enhancing Consumers’ Safe Food Management Behaviors – A Literature Review. Journal of Agricultural & Food Information 2019, 20, 315 -343.

AMA Style

Adeola Bamgboje-Ayodele, Leonie Ellis, Paul Turner. Developing a Framework for Understanding and Enhancing Consumers’ Safe Food Management Behaviors – A Literature Review. Journal of Agricultural & Food Information. 2019; 20 (4):315-343.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adeola Bamgboje-Ayodele; Leonie Ellis; Paul Turner. 2019. "Developing a Framework for Understanding and Enhancing Consumers’ Safe Food Management Behaviors – A Literature Review." Journal of Agricultural & Food Information 20, no. 4: 315-343.

Proceedings article
Published: 01 April 2019 in Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XIII
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Harvesting trees that contain internal defects such as knots and cracks are neither financially nor environmentally sustainable. In hardwood plantations, it is impossible to produce sawlogs from knotty or cracked timber. The challenge is to identify internal defects in a timely and cost-effective manner prior to harvesting. The aim of this paper is to investigate non-destructive testing (NDT) methods to rapidly detect the presence of internal defects in standing live trees in plantation plots. The study highlights that whilst several methods exist, few have been actively applied in-field harvesting operations to optimise log handling and to increase transportation efficiencies. Key constraints are portability of the NDT equipment for use in-field, speed versus accuracy of measurements undertaken and the usability of different evaluation approaches for decision-support. In this paper, the field assessment involved using two non-destructive techniques, ground penetrating radar (GPR) and ultrasonics that use electromagnetic and ultrasonic sound waves respectively to penetrate the internal structure of standing trees. These assessment techniques can assist forest growers to more accurately evaluate the quality of growing stems in the field. They also open the opportunity to investigate differences across a wide selection of growing conditions and forest types to generate data that may support the generation of a software algorithm for predictive imputation of likely internal defect rates within particular forests and under particular growing conditions. The plan being to integrate this predictive imputation software into existing geographical information systems owned by industry partners to enable accurate mapping of land areas where high ratios of defects are likely to be detected to further optimise infield harvesting.

ACS Style

Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Mohammad Hadi Hafezi; Damien Holloway; Paul Turner. An assessment of in-field non-destructive testing methods for detection of internal defects in standing live trees. Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XIII 2019, 10972, 109721F .

AMA Style

Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri, Mohammad Hadi Hafezi, Damien Holloway, Paul Turner. An assessment of in-field non-destructive testing methods for detection of internal defects in standing live trees. Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XIII. 2019; 10972 ():109721F.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Mohammad Hadi Hafezi; Damien Holloway; Paul Turner. 2019. "An assessment of in-field non-destructive testing methods for detection of internal defects in standing live trees." Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XIII 10972, no. : 109721F.

Research article
Published: 12 February 2019 in IET Intelligent Transport Systems
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Working performance of drivers is an important concern of commercial logistics firms as it directly relates to operational efficiency targets. However, in heavy vehicle activity, the enforcement of fatigue management rules by the Australian government can potentially influence this efficiency as the regulation scheme controls maximum work time and minimum rest time of drivers. Therefore, evaluating a driver's performance in the context of fatigue compliance is an essential need that aims to assist transport operators to increase their operational efficiencies. This research proposes a method in assessing how well a driver performs his job by using anomaly detection principles from intrusion detection systems in network security. This approach utilises output data of the logistics fatigue manager application and compliance outcomes of the fatigue compliance verification system to measure the driver's performance. In addition to performance concerns, the system also monitors safety levels based on fatigue conditions of drivers to ensure that the positive evaluation outcomes can be applied standards for the whole fleet in practice. The results highlight the opportunity to monitor driver fatigue levels for verifying fatigue risk within existing fatigue compliance requirements.

ACS Style

Son Anh Vo; Luke Mirowski; Joel Scanlan; Paul Turner. Verifying driver performance for heavy haulage fatigue management. IET Intelligent Transport Systems 2019, 13, 1033 -1040.

AMA Style

Son Anh Vo, Luke Mirowski, Joel Scanlan, Paul Turner. Verifying driver performance for heavy haulage fatigue management. IET Intelligent Transport Systems. 2019; 13 (6):1033-1040.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Son Anh Vo; Luke Mirowski; Joel Scanlan; Paul Turner. 2019. "Verifying driver performance for heavy haulage fatigue management." IET Intelligent Transport Systems 13, no. 6: 1033-1040.

Journal article
Published: 30 December 2018 in Online Journal of Public Health Informatics
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Diffusion of smartphones has normalised consumers’ use of mobile applications (apps). But how do app designs and contexts of use interact with differential consumer attributes to impact on their effectiveness, usability and value over time? For consumer food safety, answering these questions is of importance as numerous food choices increase challenges in safe food management (SFM). This research reports on results of a randomised field experiment with Australian consumers using an SFM mobile app developed by the researchers. The SFM app development employed insights from the Health Literacy Online Heuristics framework and the experiment involved evaluation of information and/or knowledge acquisition from the app versus from a paper-based version. The experiment spanned four weeks and involved eight participants (experimental group n=4; control group n=4). The results highlight differentials in cognitive burden between paper and the app; beneficial affordances from the app for refreshing consumer knowledge; and longer knowledge retention on safe food management from app use over-time. We identified two key impacts of the app on consumer knowledge acquisition and knowledge retention. First, the SFM app takes longer to achieve knowledge acquisition but results in longer knowledge retention than the control. Second, the SFM app induces some level of cognitive load in adoption however; the affordance of its reuse for quick but infrequent revisitations facilitates knowledge retention. Although the study is limited by the small sample size, it however highlights the need for a large scale and purely quantitative investigation that are generalisable to the Australian population. It is anticipated that the insights gained from this study can be used to develop nationwide interventions for addressing consumer SFM knowledge gaps in the home; thus, moving a step closer towards addressing SFM behaviours of Australian consumers.

ACS Style

Adeola Bamgboje-Ayodele; Leonie Ellis; Paul Turner. Safe Food Management and Smartphone Technology: Investigating the Impact of an App on Consumer Knowledge Retention. Online Journal of Public Health Informatics 2018, 10, 1 .

AMA Style

Adeola Bamgboje-Ayodele, Leonie Ellis, Paul Turner. Safe Food Management and Smartphone Technology: Investigating the Impact of an App on Consumer Knowledge Retention. Online Journal of Public Health Informatics. 2018; 10 (3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adeola Bamgboje-Ayodele; Leonie Ellis; Paul Turner. 2018. "Safe Food Management and Smartphone Technology: Investigating the Impact of an App on Consumer Knowledge Retention." Online Journal of Public Health Informatics 10, no. 3: 1.

Proceedings article
Published: 01 December 2018 in 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA)
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This paper describes how conventional image processing techniques can be applied to the grading of Southern Rock Lobsters (SRL) to produce a high quality data layer which could be an input into product traceability. The research is part of a broader investigation into designing a low-cost biometric identification solution for use along the entire lobster supply chain. In approaching the image processing for lobster grading a key consideration is to develop a system capable of using low cost consumer grade cameras readily available in mobile phones. The results confirm that by combining a number of common techniques in computer vision it is possible to capture and process a set of valuable attributes from sampled lobster image including color, length, weight, legs and sex. By combining this image profile with other pre-existing data on catch location and landing port each lobster can be verifiably tracked along the supply chain journey to markets in China. The image processing research results achieved in the laboratory show high accuracy in measuring lobster carapace length that is vital for weight conversion calculations. The results also demonstrate the capability to obtain reliable values for average color, tail shape and number of legs on a lobster used in grading classifications. The findings are a major first step in the development of individual lobster biometric identification and will directly contribute to automating lobster grading in this valuable Australian fishery.

ACS Style

Son Anh Vo; Joel Scanlan; Luke Mirowski; Paul Turner. Image Processing for Traceability: A System Prototype for the Southern Rock Lobster (SRL) Supply Chain. 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA) 2018, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Son Anh Vo, Joel Scanlan, Luke Mirowski, Paul Turner. Image Processing for Traceability: A System Prototype for the Southern Rock Lobster (SRL) Supply Chain. 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA). 2018; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Son Anh Vo; Joel Scanlan; Luke Mirowski; Paul Turner. 2018. "Image Processing for Traceability: A System Prototype for the Southern Rock Lobster (SRL) Supply Chain." 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA) , no. : 1-8.

Discussion
Published: 09 November 2018 in Informatics
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Background: The WHO framework on integrated people-centred health services promotes a focus on the needs of people and their communities to empower them to have a more active role in their own health. It has advocated five strategies including: Engaging and empowering people and communities; co-ordinating services within and across sectors; and, creating an enabling environment. Any implementation of these strategies needs to occur at individual, community, and health service levels. Useful steps to reorganising health service provision are already being guided by existing models of care linked to increased adoption and use of digital technologies with examples including: Wagner’s Chronic Care Model (CCM); Valentijn’s Rainbow Model of Integrated Care (RMIC); and Phanareth’s et al.’s Epital Care Model (ECM). However, what about individuals and the communities they live in? How will strategies be implemented to address known inequities in: the social determinants of health; access to, and use of digital technologies, and individual textual, technical, and health literacies? Proposal of a matrix framework: This paper argues that people with complex and chronic conditions (PwCCC) living in communities that are at risk of being under-served or marginalised in health service provision require particular attention. It articulates a step-by-step process to identify these individuals and co-produce mechanisms to engage, empower and ultimately emancipate these individuals to become activated in living with their conditions and in their interactions with the health system and community. This step-by-step process focuses on key issues related to the design and role of digital services in mitigating the effects of the health service inequity and avoiding the creation of an e-health divide amongst users when advocating digital behaviour change initiatives. This paper presents a matrix framework providing a scaffold across three inter-related levels of the individual; the provider, and the health and care system. The matrix framework supports examination of and reflection on the design and role of digital technologies in conjunction with pre-existing motivational instruments. This matrix framework is illustrated with examples from practice. Conclusion: It is anticipated that the matrix framework will evolve and can be used to map and reflect on approaches and practices aiming to enrich and stimulate co-production activities supported by digital technology focused on enhancing people-centred health services for the marginalised.

ACS Style

Lars Kayser; Christian Nøhr; Pernille Bertelsen; Lars Botin; Sidsel Villumsen; Chris Showell; Paul Turner. Theory and Practice in Digital Behaviour Change: A Matrix Framework for the Co-Production of Digital Services That Engage, Empower and Emancipate Marginalised People Living with Complex and Chronic Conditions. Informatics 2018, 5, 41 .

AMA Style

Lars Kayser, Christian Nøhr, Pernille Bertelsen, Lars Botin, Sidsel Villumsen, Chris Showell, Paul Turner. Theory and Practice in Digital Behaviour Change: A Matrix Framework for the Co-Production of Digital Services That Engage, Empower and Emancipate Marginalised People Living with Complex and Chronic Conditions. Informatics. 2018; 5 (4):41.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lars Kayser; Christian Nøhr; Pernille Bertelsen; Lars Botin; Sidsel Villumsen; Chris Showell; Paul Turner. 2018. "Theory and Practice in Digital Behaviour Change: A Matrix Framework for the Co-Production of Digital Services That Engage, Empower and Emancipate Marginalised People Living with Complex and Chronic Conditions." Informatics 5, no. 4: 41.

Proceedings article
Published: 10 October 2018 in Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XX
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Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are a cost-effective means of collecting forest data conventionally used above the forest canopy. Where forest canopies are dense, limited information about stem structures can be extracted directly due to obscuration by foliage. In these circumstances, complementary ground-based methods including manual measurement and terrestrial laser scanning are deployed, but these techniques are often limited in terms of the scope and scale of data collected by factors including time, field cost and site accessibility. This paper describes the application of a UAS flown below the forest canopy as an efficient and effective approach for stem measurement in areas where the canopy is difficult to penetrate, and as a potential solution to measuring trees in areas of dense undergrowth. The study sites were scanned with a helicopter-mounted VUX-1LR LiDAR sensor and the resulting point clouds were used as a comparison dataset. The measurements extracted from these point-clouds were compared with ground-based measurements of diameter at breast height and relative positions. The below-canopy UAS and the VUX-1LR at 30m had the lowest root-mean-squarederror (RMSE) of 4.1cm, followed by the VUX-1LR at 90m with a RMSE of 4.4cm. The VUX-1LR 60m flight was the most consistent with the highest coefficient of determination, however due to a positive bias, there was an RMSE of 4.5cm. The photogrammetry-based, below-canopy UAS was found to be an efficient and accurate method of extracting DBH and relative position of stems in forests.

ACS Style

Barbara Del Perugia; Sean Krisanski; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner. Below-canopy UAS photogrammetry for stem measurement in radiata pine plantation. Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XX 2018, 10783, 1078309 .

AMA Style

Barbara Del Perugia, Sean Krisanski, Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri, Paul Turner. Below-canopy UAS photogrammetry for stem measurement in radiata pine plantation. Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XX. 2018; 10783 ():1078309.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Barbara Del Perugia; Sean Krisanski; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner. 2018. "Below-canopy UAS photogrammetry for stem measurement in radiata pine plantation." Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XX 10783, no. : 1078309.

Journal article
Published: 20 September 2018 in Forests
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Internationally forest biomass is considered to be a valuable renewable energy feedstock. However, utilization of forest harvesting residues is challenging because they are highly varied, generally of low quality and usually widely distributed across timber harvesting sites. Factors related to the collection, processing and transport impose constraints on the economic viability of residue utilization operations and impact their supply from dispersed feedstock locations. To optimize decision-making about suitable locations for biomass energy plants intending to use forest residues, it is essential to factor in these supply chain considerations. This study conducted in Tasmania, Australia presents an investigation into the integration of Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) and Geographical Information systems (GIS) to identify optimal locations for prospective biomass power plants. The amount of forest harvesting biomass residues was estimated based on a non-industrial private native resource model in Tasmania (NIPNF). The integration of MCA and a GIS model, including a supply chain cost analysis, allowed the identification and analysis of optimal candidate locations that balanced economic, environmental, and social criteria within the biomass supply. The study results confirm that resource availability, land use and supply chain cost data can be integrated and mapped using GIS to facilitate the determination of different sustainable criteria weightings, and to ultimately generate optimal candidate locations for biomass energy plants. It is anticipated that this paper will make a contribution to current scientific knowledge by presenting innovative approaches for the sustainable utilization of forest harvest residues as a resource for the generation of bioenergy in Tasmania.

ACS Style

Heesung Woo; Mauricio Acuna; Martin Moroni; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner. Optimizing the Location of Biomass Energy Facilities by Integrating Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Forests 2018, 9, 585 .

AMA Style

Heesung Woo, Mauricio Acuna, Martin Moroni, Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri, Paul Turner. Optimizing the Location of Biomass Energy Facilities by Integrating Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Forests. 2018; 9 (10):585.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Heesung Woo; Mauricio Acuna; Martin Moroni; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner. 2018. "Optimizing the Location of Biomass Energy Facilities by Integrating Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS)." Forests 9, no. 10: 585.

Conference paper
Published: 25 August 2018 in Security Education and Critical Infrastructures
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Using an Australian wood chip export terminal as a case study, this research presents a terminal gate simulation model that improves understanding of the complex interactions at the terminal gate and describes the potential of information and digital systems alternatives for mitigating congestion. The alternatives modelled include: a terminal appointment system to schedule truck arrivals; integrating weigh-bridge information to eliminate one stage of the unloading process; and, reducing conveyor operation time. Simulation results indicate that a terminal appointment system can reduce turnaround times by up to 23%, primarily through a reduction in waiting times. Integrating weigh-bridge information can improve turnaround by up to 18%, while reducing the conveyor operation time can improve turnaround by up to 5%. The paper highlights that achieving these simulated results in practice actually relies on a range of factors and assumptions hard to embed in the simulation. These factors influence the nature of the complex interactions at the terminal gate and include the extent to which stakeholders are willing to share information and develop or retain levels of trust between each other. The paper argues that one potentially effective strategy for aligning stakeholders’ interests involves engaging them all in the decision-making processes in finding and developing a suitable congestion management solution. This approach mitigates concerns regarding system abuse, ensures all technological and business requirements of stakeholders are considered and, enhances the implementation process to deliver increased effectiveness of the solution. This research is part of a major ongoing research project undertaken in Australia funded by the Australian Research Council through the Industrial Transformation Research Program.

ACS Style

Mihai Neagoe; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Hong-Oanh Nguyen; Paul Turner. Exploring the Role of Information Systems in Mitigating Gate Congestion Using Simulation: Theory and Practice at a Bulk Export Terminal Gate. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures 2018, 367 -374.

AMA Style

Mihai Neagoe, Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri, Hong-Oanh Nguyen, Paul Turner. Exploring the Role of Information Systems in Mitigating Gate Congestion Using Simulation: Theory and Practice at a Bulk Export Terminal Gate. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures. 2018; ():367-374.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mihai Neagoe; Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Hong-Oanh Nguyen; Paul Turner. 2018. "Exploring the Role of Information Systems in Mitigating Gate Congestion Using Simulation: Theory and Practice at a Bulk Export Terminal Gate." Security Education and Critical Infrastructures , no. : 367-374.

Proceedings article
Published: 27 March 2018 in Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XII
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Tasmania eucalyptus nitens is one of the most important plantation hardwood species used for paper production. Forest growers and wood processing companies have recently considered it for the production of high quality sawlog. The high quality sawlog, however, can be produced from pruned plantation eucalyptus niten as the unpruned one contains several knots and cracks which lessen the quality of the log. Thus, it is vital for forest growers to deliver pruned log to wood processing companies. The pruned log, however, could not be discriminated from unpruned stems by harvester within the plantation plot due to self (natural) pruning process of unpruned tree. This leads to the delivery of the pruned log to the processors challenging. Although wood processors use large x-ray image machines during processing to optimise wood recovery, high costs are incurred from transporting poor quality, knotty timber following the harvest. In this paper, a 17 year old eucalyptus nitens has been considered for non-destructive evaluation. The aim is to investigate the effects of the defects including knots and cracks on the ultrasonic wave. 12 samples from different parts of trunk have been selected and conditioned at the forest moisture content of 120% (70% water content). The samples were scanned by ultrasonic waves at every 10 cm distance in longitudinal direction and at every 45 degree spacing in circumferential direction along the samples. Results show that there is a significant difference between recorded ultrasonic waveforms propagated through unpruned billets and pruned ones. The unpruned billets had a larger effect on ultrasonic waves while the waves are relatively steady when pruned billets are tested.

ACS Style

Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner; Hadi Hafezi. Non-destructive evaluation of a plantation eucalyptus. Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XII 2018, 10600, 1060023 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri, Paul Turner, Hadi Hafezi. Non-destructive evaluation of a plantation eucalyptus. Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XII. 2018; 10600 ():1060023.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri; Paul Turner; Hadi Hafezi. 2018. "Non-destructive evaluation of a plantation eucalyptus." Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XII 10600, no. : 1060023.