Background/Objective: Cancer significantly impairs physical function and quality of life. Exercise has gained recognition as a therapeutic strategy; however, its long-term efficacy in terms of multidimensional outcomes in patients with cancer remains underexplored. This review aimed to evaluate and summarize the available evidence regarding the effects of multicomponent exercise programs on pain and psychosocial outcomes in individuals with cancer. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022321183). Comprehensive searches were performed in MEDLINE, OVID, LILACS, Scopus, PEDro, OTseeker, The Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and Google Scholar, without date restrictions. Search terms included “exercise” and “cancer.” Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: Sixteen randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Multicomponent exercise programs combining aerobic, resistance, and flexibility training significantly improved muscle strength, balance, and quality of life. Several studies reported meaningful reductions in pain intensity and interference, whereas others found no significant changes. Overall, exercise interventions demonstrated superior effects compared with usual care or educational controls across physical and psychosocial outcomes. Conclusions: Multicomponent exercise is a safe and feasible intervention for adults with cancer, including those with advanced disease or complex clinical profiles. Evidence supports consistent benefits in physical function and quality of life, with partially consistent yet favorable effects on pain. Programs integrating multiple exercise modalities appear most effective and should be considered as part of comprehensive oncological care to enhance therapeutic outcomes and long-term well-being.

Background: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition that usually affects a limb following injury or surgery and is characterized by severe pain accompanied by sensory, motor, autonomic, and trophic disturbances. Methods: This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the effectiveness of physical exercise and neurocognitive interventions grounded in cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) principles for the management of CRPS. A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline (via Ovid), LILACS, ScienceDirect, PEDro, OTseeker, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Eligible studies included clinical trials, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies, whereas case reports, pediatric populations, and animal studies were excluded. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: The findings indicated that aerobic exercise was consistently associated with pain reduction and functional improvement. Neurocognitive interventions informed by CBT principles, such as mirror therapy and graded exposure, also demonstrated efficacy in decreasing pain and enhancing functional independence. Most studies supported the effectiveness of these approaches in the management of CRPS. Overall, both physical exercise and neurocognitive interventions grounded in CBT principles produced positive effects on pain modulation, physical function, and daily activity performance. Conclusions: These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of combining physical and psychologically informed interventions for the treatment of CRPS.

Iberoam J Med, vol.5, n1, p.1-3, 2023