Under the dual pressures of rapid urbanization and intense human socioeconomic activities, habitat fragmentation and poor landscape connectivity have become critical issues in cities. Constructing ecological networks is essential for maintaining urban ecosystem health and promoting sustainable environmental development. It represents an effective approach to balancing regional economic growth with ecological conservation. This study focused on the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. Ecological sources were identified using Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) and landscape connectivity assessment. Circuit theory was applied to extract ecological corridors, ecological pinch points, and ecological barriers. The importance levels of ecological corridors were classified to form an ecological network. The network was optimized by adding ecological sources, stepping stones, and restoring breakpoints. Its structure and functionality were evaluated before and after optimization. The results indicate the following: (1) The core area in Shenzhen City Area covers 426.67 km², the largest proportion among landscape types. It exhibits high fragmentation, low connectivity, and a spatial pattern characterized as “dense in the east and west, sparse in the center.” (2) Seventeen ecological sources were identified, consisting of 8 key sources, 5 important sources, and 4 general sources, accounting for 17.62% of the total area. Key sources are mainly distributed in forested regions such as Wutong Mountain, Maluan Mountain, Paiya Mountain, and Qiniang Mountain in the southeast. (3) Twenty-six ecological corridors form a woven network, with a total length of 127.44 km. Among these, 13 key corridors are concentrated in the eastern region, while 7 important corridors and 6 general corridors are distributed in the western and central parts. Few corridors exist in the southwest and southeast, leading to ecological flow interruption. (4) The optimized ecological network includes 12 newly added ecological source areas, 20 optimized ecological corridors, 120 ecological pinch points, and 26 ecological barriers. The maximum current value increased from 10.60 to 20.51, indicating significantly enhanced connectivity. The results provide important guidance for green space planning, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem functionality enhancement in Shenzhen City Area.

Northeastern Guizhou, situated at the confluence of the Wuling Mountains and the Miaoling Range in southwestern China, constitutes a multi-ethnic integration zone where Gelao, Tujia, Miao, Dong, and Han peoples have coexisted for centuries. While existing comparative studies of vernacular dwellings in ethnic minority regions have predominantly adopted a unidirectional “cultural diffusion” framework, the complex spatial interactions among multiple ethnic groups remain insufficiently understood. This study examines the widely distributed linear-type traditional dwellings across this region, employing Space Syntax to quantitatively characterize the hall–room spatial configurations of six representative floor-plan typologies. Four key indicators (connectivity, mean depth, Real Relative Asymmetry (RRA), and control value) were calculated from justified graphs to reveal configurational differences in the tangwu (ancestral hall), fire pit/fire-bed, bedrooms, and transitional spaces. Three principal findings emerged: (1) all ethnic dwellings share an underlying “hall–fire” dual-core spatial system, which manifests in three distinct control modes (parallel dual-core, offset dual-core, and single-core-dominant), reflecting divergent cultural strategies during inter-ethnic integration; (2) spatial depth hierarchies differentiate clearly at their two ends, from the undivided rear space of the Songtao Shu Miao dwelling to the deeply recessed bedroom of the Han dwelling, whereas the relative ordering of the intermediate ethnic groups cannot be reliably distinguished; (3) convergence does not follow a single linear trajectory but proceeds along multiple independent culturally self-sustaining paths, producing a reticular fusion landscape characterized by “multi-linear differentiation with localized convergence.” These findings support a “cultural inter-embedding” rather than “cultural replacement” interpretation of spatial evolution in multi-ethnic regions, offering a new analytical framework for comparative morphological research on vernacular dwellings.