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Circular Economy business model innovation is challenging, as it requires the consideration of new variables, adding complexity to decision-making. Despite the range of existing approaches for Circular Economy business model innovation, they are limited in providing adequate advice to practitioners. Key limitations are related to: lack of a holistic structure with systematisation of practices; focus on single innovation stages; lack of analytical and decision-support structures and; marginal consideration of institutional and strategic aspects, as well as interdependencies with other business processes. This paper addresses these limitations by developing a systematic process model for Circular Economy business model innovation, in close collaboration with seven manufacturing companies. The process model contains four stages (prepare, sense, seize and transform) with recommendations of institutional, strategic and operational practices (including activities, tools, interdependencies, decision gates, and recommended mindset and attitudes). The process model brings unique contributions to manufacturing companies by providing: (i) a systematic structure to strengthen and mature existing Circular Economy business model ideas into viable and implementable concepts, and (ii) a source of inspiration for best practice Circular Economy business models in specific sectors. Furthermore, the paper contributes to the body of knowledge that develops Circular Economy methodology by (i) consolidating a holistic and systematic view of practices for Circular Economy business model innovation within manufacturing companies, and; (ii) providing an example of approach to develop methodological support that is able to offer proactive advice to practitioners.
Marina P.P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela C.A. Pigosso. Developing a process model for circular economy business model innovation within manufacturing companies. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 299, 126785 .
AMA StyleMarina P.P. Pieroni, Tim C. McAloone, Daniela C.A. Pigosso. Developing a process model for circular economy business model innovation within manufacturing companies. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 299 ():126785.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina P.P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela C.A. Pigosso. 2021. "Developing a process model for circular economy business model innovation within manufacturing companies." Journal of Cleaner Production 299, no. : 126785.
Product-service systems (PSS) enable product-oriented manufacturing companies to differentiate their offerings and become more competitive, while creating more value for customers along with improved economic performance and, in some cases, reduced environmental impact. However, PSS development remains difficult for manufacturing companies due to limited prior knowledge about PSS and the strategic characteristics it entails. To guide the PSS development process, this paper presents a prescriptive approach composed of a tool and a method based on the use of PSS archetypes in the initial development stages of new PSS business models (BM). The proposed tool builds upon three PSS archetypes, combined with 10 factors for assessment of the best suiting archetype. The proposed method and supporting tool guide companies in five steps, from the beginning of a servitisation process to the initial PSS development. Based on an evaluation with a Danish manufacturing company, an improved version of the method and tool was developed and applied with 60 students specialised in PSS development. Results from the evaluation indicate that the method and tool support scoping new PSS BM through the selection and modification of a PSS archetype, encouraging servitisation and PSS development in companies with different levels of PSS experience.
Trine Frederiksen; Marina P. P. Pieroni; Daniela Pigosso; Tim McAloone. Strategic Development of Product-Service Systems (PSS) through Archetype Assessment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2592 .
AMA StyleTrine Frederiksen, Marina P. P. Pieroni, Daniela Pigosso, Tim McAloone. Strategic Development of Product-Service Systems (PSS) through Archetype Assessment. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2592.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrine Frederiksen; Marina P. P. Pieroni; Daniela Pigosso; Tim McAloone. 2021. "Strategic Development of Product-Service Systems (PSS) through Archetype Assessment." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2592.
In characterizing systems behaviour, complex-systems scientists use tools from a variety of disciplines, including nonlinear dynamics, information theory, computation theory, evolutionary biology and social network analysis, among others. All of these topics have been studied for some time, but only fairly recently has the study of networks in general become a major topic of research in complex engineering systems. The research reported in this paper is discussing how the visually augmented analysis of complex socio-networks (networks of people and technology engaged in a product/service-system (PSS) life cycle) may be applied in engineering design research. Network thinking of the kind described in this paper could be fundamental for developing new and effective techniques for solving the problems in the engineering design research related to the interpretation of the huge amount of data captured during experiments and observations that are more and more used as a main research method. Case studies that are presented illustrate also the significance of the network based research approach in providing insight into ways of improving the design process for complex engineering systems.
M. Štorga; T. Stanković; Philip Cash; Tim C. McAloone. Visually Augmented Analysis of Socio-Technical Networks in Engineering Systems Design Research. The Future of Transdisciplinary Design 2021, 55 -67.
AMA StyleM. Štorga, T. Stanković, Philip Cash, Tim C. McAloone. Visually Augmented Analysis of Socio-Technical Networks in Engineering Systems Design Research. The Future of Transdisciplinary Design. 2021; ():55-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Štorga; T. Stanković; Philip Cash; Tim C. McAloone. 2021. "Visually Augmented Analysis of Socio-Technical Networks in Engineering Systems Design Research." The Future of Transdisciplinary Design , no. : 55-67.
Integration of sustainability criteria from a triple bottom line perspective is considered a challenge for manufacturing actors, who are engaged in developing sustainability-oriented initiatives. The earlier in the development process the criteria are integrated and sustainability potential is evaluated, the more opportunities exist to introduce improvements and select an initiative with a highest sustainability potential. The challenge does not only lie in understanding what sustainability criteria to use to assess sustainability performance, but in managing conflicting results, known as trade-offs. Trade-offs are situations characterized by conflicts between the desired objectives, where it is impossible to satisfy all criteria simultaneously. Although sustainability trade-offs are common, there is a gap in the existing approaches for sustainability measurements to support trade-off dialogue and decision-making. If trade-offs are not acknowledged, there is a risk of accepting an initiative leading to sub-optimizations or higher impacts. Therefore, this study proposes a framework to support trade-off analysis in the early development stages of sustainability-oriented initiatives. The trade-off navigation framework relies on input data and a structured guidance, with the twofold objective: (i) help making trade-offs explicit, and (ii) provide a structured approach to support trade-off analysis and acceptability in a transparent manner. The purpose is to encourage a dynamic decision process and reinforce the knowledge of decision-makers about potential risks and opportunities behind their choices. Using a case of a product development involving CE principles, this paper discusses how a trade-off navigation framework was applied and evaluated by industrial and academic experts, leading to its improvement and identification of strengths and limitations.
Mariia Kravchenko; Daniela Pigosso; Tim McAloone. A Trade-Off Navigation Framework as a Decision Support for Conflicting Sustainability Indicators within Circular Economy Implementation in the Manufacturing Industry. Sustainability 2020, 13, 314 .
AMA StyleMariia Kravchenko, Daniela Pigosso, Tim McAloone. A Trade-Off Navigation Framework as a Decision Support for Conflicting Sustainability Indicators within Circular Economy Implementation in the Manufacturing Industry. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):314.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariia Kravchenko; Daniela Pigosso; Tim McAloone. 2020. "A Trade-Off Navigation Framework as a Decision Support for Conflicting Sustainability Indicators within Circular Economy Implementation in the Manufacturing Industry." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 314.
Product design and development are essential for a circular transition. Circularity decisions, such as those concerning the type of material, assembly method, and expected lifespan, made during the early design stages will significantly influence a product’s quality, cost, esthetics, sustainability, and circularity performance over the product lifecycle. However, circularity is not often considered in the early stages of product design and development. This paper presents the development of the concept circularity evaluation tool (CCET), which aims to support the evaluation of alternative product concepts in terms of their circularity potential in the early stages of product design and development. The CCET was iteratively developed based on an extensive literature review of the success criteria for tool development, guidelines, and existing tools for circular product design and development and strong collaboration with manufacturing companies. The tool was tested and verified at four manufacturing companies in Nordic countries. The tool has been proven useful for evaluating the circularity of products and supportive in the decision-making process in the early stages of product design and development.
Julie Kamp Albæk; Sasha Shahbazi; Tim McAloone; Daniela Pigosso. Circularity Evaluation of Alternative Concepts During Early Product Design and Development. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9353 .
AMA StyleJulie Kamp Albæk, Sasha Shahbazi, Tim McAloone, Daniela Pigosso. Circularity Evaluation of Alternative Concepts During Early Product Design and Development. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9353.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulie Kamp Albæk; Sasha Shahbazi; Tim McAloone; Daniela Pigosso. 2020. "Circularity Evaluation of Alternative Concepts During Early Product Design and Development." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9353.
A number of archetypes exist to describe potential business models for circular economy, but the majority of them lack validation in practice. Although diversity is natural for an emerging field such as circular economy, building consensus of terminology and archetypes is important to achieve a shared discourse, which is fundamental for the implementation of business models. By reviewing academic and practical literature, this article systematises twenty archetypes of business models for circular economy, according to a framework focused on downstream and upstream architecture, and the type of value delivered, created or captured. Additionally, it proposes a way to evaluate the application of the archetypes in practice, through a deck of cards to support companies in identifying opportunities, generating ideas, and prioritising business models for circular economy. The application of the archetype cards in six manufacturing companies resulted in four key findings: (i) existing archetypes hold a reductionist approach with limited attention to the downstream value logic; (ii) the archetypes’ application in practice requires sectorial contextualisation, harmonisation of the abstraction level and standardisation of archetypes’ structure; (iii) there was a lack of detailed guidelines for archetype selection and combination; and (iv) the action research approach enables the exploration of radical innovation for circular economy business models.
Marina P.P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela C.A. Pigosso. From theory to practice: systematising and testing business model archetypes for circular economy. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2020, 162, 105029 .
AMA StyleMarina P.P. Pieroni, Tim C. McAloone, Daniela C.A. Pigosso. From theory to practice: systematising and testing business model archetypes for circular economy. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2020; 162 ():105029.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina P.P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela C.A. Pigosso. 2020. "From theory to practice: systematising and testing business model archetypes for circular economy." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 162, no. : 105029.
Early integration of sustainability considerations into decision making is seen as a key enabler for companies to understand the potential implications of their decisions on the triple bottom line aspects. Lack of the tools to support decisions when trade-off between sustainability aspects occur, however, may lead to uninformed decision-making and undesired outcomes. By consolidating the learnings from empirical work together with literature recommendations, we propose key criteria to be considered when developing decision support tools to manage sustainability-related trade-off situations.
Mariia Kravchenko; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. DEVELOPING A TOOL TO SUPPORT DECISIONS IN SUSTAINABILITY-RELATED TRADE-OFF SITUATIONS: UNDERSTANDING NEEDS AND CRITERIA. Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 2020, 1, 265 -274.
AMA StyleMariia Kravchenko, Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso, Tim C. McAloone. DEVELOPING A TOOL TO SUPPORT DECISIONS IN SUSTAINABILITY-RELATED TRADE-OFF SITUATIONS: UNDERSTANDING NEEDS AND CRITERIA. Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference. 2020; 1 ():265-274.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariia Kravchenko; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. 2020. "DEVELOPING A TOOL TO SUPPORT DECISIONS IN SUSTAINABILITY-RELATED TRADE-OFF SITUATIONS: UNDERSTANDING NEEDS AND CRITERIA." Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1, no. : 265-274.
To implement circular economy, manufacturers will need to develop new business models. Available approaches are granular, generic, infrequently focusing on advice or implementation, and lacking practical demonstration. This article presents how a tool was proposed to cover these gaps. Based on design research methodology, twenty-two conceptual and practical requirements were identified and translated in functions for the development of the Circular Economy Business Model Configurator, a tool that supports manufacturers in strengthening proposals of business models for circular economy.
Marina Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso. BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY: INTEGRATING LITERATURE AND PRACTICE INTO A PROCESS MODEL. Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 2020, 1, 2119 -2128.
AMA StyleMarina Pieroni, Tim C. McAloone, Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso. BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY: INTEGRATING LITERATURE AND PRACTICE INTO A PROCESS MODEL. Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference. 2020; 1 ():2119-2128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso. 2020. "BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY: INTEGRATING LITERATURE AND PRACTICE INTO A PROCESS MODEL." Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1, no. : 2119-2128.
Based on service-based value propositions, product-service systems (PSS) are commonly understood as a means to realize circular economy. However, the design of value propositions of circular product-service system is not widely investigated and understood in literature, leading to the lack of guidance for the incorporation of circularity into product-service system design. This study presents a systematic analysis of 46 approaches that can support the design of circular and/or product-service system value propositions in the context of business model innovation. The research methodology is based on a three-step systematic literature review, followed by a critical analysis grounded on content analysis procedures. The 46 approaches identified were classified according to their theoretical and practical characteristics (development level, nature of data, representation style, process type, actors’ perspective, and purpose). The results point to a heterogeneity of approaches, although most are focused on the development of business models in a broader scope, with no clear boundaries on value proposition design. A critical analysis is presented in relation to the interface of the design scope of value propositions oriented to circular economy and product-service system. The paper proposes guiding principles that can support effective development of value propositions of circular product-service system at the early stages of the business modeling. A research agenda is outlined and indicates key trends oriented towards the development of an integrated and systemic approach based on a multiple stakeholder perspective, definition of design options of value propositions of circular product-service system, exploitation of perceived value, and more quantitative and empirical studies.
Sânia Da Costa Fernandes; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone; Henrique Rozenfeld. Towards product-service system oriented to circular economy: A systematic review of value proposition design approaches. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 257, 120507 .
AMA StyleSânia Da Costa Fernandes, Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso, Tim C. McAloone, Henrique Rozenfeld. Towards product-service system oriented to circular economy: A systematic review of value proposition design approaches. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 257 ():120507.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSânia Da Costa Fernandes; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone; Henrique Rozenfeld. 2020. "Towards product-service system oriented to circular economy: A systematic review of value proposition design approaches." Journal of Cleaner Production 257, no. : 120507.
Circular economy (CE) is considered a vital model to tackle resource scarcity and reduce waste by promoting strategies that redefine production and consumption systems. Industrial actors integrate CE principles in their strategic and operational practices to overcome these challenges, simultaneously aiming at enhancing their sustainability performance. Despite numerous frameworks to guide organizations in innovating towards CE, very few have embedded explicit sustainability considerations to assist practitioners in understanding the potential sustainability performance of the CE initiatives early in the development process. To assist a structured process of measuring sustainability performance, the main goal of this paper is to propose a procedure for a systematic selection of suitable leading performance indicators to support an informed sustainability-oriented decision-making process. To fulfill this aim, a hypothetical-deductive approach has been followed to, firstly, develop the selection procedure, and secondly, evaluate and improve it using a case study approach. The findings reveal that the procedure enables a systematic selection of relevant indicators by taking into account the manifold combinations of CE strategies and business processes, characteristics of the company and its sustainability objective. Different from many other approaches, the novelty lies in relying on a dynamic, as opposed to ‘prescriptive’, indicator selection process to induce learning about sustainability considerations significant for a particular CE initiative and corporate context.
Mariia Kravchenko; Daniela C. A. Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. A Procedure to Support Systematic Selection of Leading Indicators for Sustainability Performance Measurement of Circular Economy Initiatives. Sustainability 2020, 12, 951 .
AMA StyleMariia Kravchenko, Daniela C. A. Pigosso, Tim C. McAloone. A Procedure to Support Systematic Selection of Leading Indicators for Sustainability Performance Measurement of Circular Economy Initiatives. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):951.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariia Kravchenko; Daniela C. A. Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. 2020. "A Procedure to Support Systematic Selection of Leading Indicators for Sustainability Performance Measurement of Circular Economy Initiatives." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 951.
Ugo Chouinard; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone; Luc Baron; Sofiane Achiche. Potential of circular economy implementation in the mechatronics industry: An exploratory research. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 239, 1 .
AMA StyleUgo Chouinard, Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso, Tim C. McAloone, Luc Baron, Sofiane Achiche. Potential of circular economy implementation in the mechatronics industry: An exploratory research. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 239 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUgo Chouinard; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone; Luc Baron; Sofiane Achiche. 2019. "Potential of circular economy implementation in the mechatronics industry: An exploratory research." Journal of Cleaner Production 239, no. : 1.
Circular business models are often enabled by means of product/service-systems (PSS). The common perception is that such business models have enhanced environmental performance when compared to conventional business models rooted in the linear economy. This article investigates the environmental potential of developing a use-oriented PSS business model for Merino wool t-shirts intended for use by the British Ministry of Defence as an alternative to the present supply system based on synthetic t-shirts purchased from sportswear clothing companies. To conduct the assessment, we apply the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to quantify and compare the climate change impacts and impact potentials of the proposed PSS business model and of a reference business model. Results showed that there could be significant contribution of quantifying environmental potential for PSS business models when justifying the transition to a circular economy. However, when adopting LCA methodology for this purpose, the design of the PSS needs to be well thought to overcome some of the identified challenges. The article concludes by making the case that LCA studies can support the definition, design and value creation of the product/service-systems in early development stages.
Nynne Marie Bech; Morten Birkved; Fiona Charnley; Louise Laumann Kjaer; Daniela C. A. Pigosso; Michael Z. Hauschild; Tim C. McAloone; Mariale Moreno. Evaluating the Environmental Performance of a Product/Service-System Business Model for Merino Wool Next-to-Skin Garments: The Case of Armadillo Merino®. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5854 .
AMA StyleNynne Marie Bech, Morten Birkved, Fiona Charnley, Louise Laumann Kjaer, Daniela C. A. Pigosso, Michael Z. Hauschild, Tim C. McAloone, Mariale Moreno. Evaluating the Environmental Performance of a Product/Service-System Business Model for Merino Wool Next-to-Skin Garments: The Case of Armadillo Merino®. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (20):5854.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNynne Marie Bech; Morten Birkved; Fiona Charnley; Louise Laumann Kjaer; Daniela C. A. Pigosso; Michael Z. Hauschild; Tim C. McAloone; Mariale Moreno. 2019. "Evaluating the Environmental Performance of a Product/Service-System Business Model for Merino Wool Next-to-Skin Garments: The Case of Armadillo Merino®." Sustainability 11, no. 20: 5854.
The concept of Circular Economy proposes an innovative alternative model to counter the failed support of society's current ‘linear’ mode of operating, with the goal of achieving increased sustainability. A wide range of approaches have been proposed to help businesses plan for and implement circular strategies. Despite positive claims about the potential of circular economy implementation to simultaneously reduce environmental burden whilst enhancing business benefits, not all circular solutions (or circumstances) bring the desired positive effects, especially in the broader context of sustainability. For this reason, any decision to adopt a circular economy strategy ought to be carefully assessed with regards to its potential sustainability performance, prior to its implementation. While several attempts to measure or estimate the sustainability effects of circular economy strategies have been made, they often deploy methodologies that rely on multifaceted input information. Furthermore, such efforts provide results by means of employing lagging indicators, which are complex and may not be easily understood by decision-makers in a manufacturing company context. This paper provides a review of leading sustainability-related performance indicators, identified through a systematic literature review. As a result, more than 270 leading performance indicators have been retrieved and consolidated in a database. Subsequently, these indicators have been classified according to three categories: sustainability dimensions; business processes; and circular economy strategies. The key findings show that leading sustainability-related performance indicators are available for a wide range of Circular Economy strategies, thus making it possible to measure the potential sustainability performance of circular strategies prior their implementation. Furthermore, the specificities of leading indicators available for each classification category are presented, several gaps are identified and direction for future research is established.
Mariia Kravchenko; Daniela Ca. Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. Towards the ex-ante sustainability screening of circular economy initiatives in manufacturing companies: Consolidation of leading sustainability-related performance indicators. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 241, 118318 .
AMA StyleMariia Kravchenko, Daniela Ca. Pigosso, Tim C. McAloone. Towards the ex-ante sustainability screening of circular economy initiatives in manufacturing companies: Consolidation of leading sustainability-related performance indicators. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 241 ():118318.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariia Kravchenko; Daniela Ca. Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. 2019. "Towards the ex-ante sustainability screening of circular economy initiatives in manufacturing companies: Consolidation of leading sustainability-related performance indicators." Journal of Cleaner Production 241, no. : 118318.
This paper puts forward the Circular Strategies Scanner: a framework that introduces a taxonomy of circular strategies developed for use by manufacturing companies engaging in circular economy (CE) oriented innovation. Currently, a range of frameworks exists that propose a vision for how to operate in a CE, by identifying and organising relevant circular strategies. However, these frameworks have a limited applicability for specific business types, in particular manufacturing, and are unsuitable for use in CE oriented innovation, due to a lacking ability to support innovation processes through: 1) creating a comprehensive understanding of circular strategies, 2) mapping strategies currently applied and 3) finding opportunities for improved circularity across a range of business processes. This paper addresses these shortcomings by proposing a circular strategies framework for the manufacturing context, titled the Circular Strategies Scanner, which provides a comprehensive set of definitions of circular strategies and directly supports the early stages of CE oriented innovation. With this, the paper contributes to the body of work that develops CE transition methodology.
Fenna Blomsma; Marina Pieroni; Mariia Kravchenko; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Jutta Hildenbrand; Anna Rùna Kristinsdottir; Eivind Kristoffersen; Sasha Shahbazi; Kjartan Due Nielsen; Anna-Karin Jönbrink; Jingyue Li; Carina Wiik; Tim C. McAloone. Developing a circular strategies framework for manufacturing companies to support circular economy-oriented innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 241, 118271 .
AMA StyleFenna Blomsma, Marina Pieroni, Mariia Kravchenko, Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso, Jutta Hildenbrand, Anna Rùna Kristinsdottir, Eivind Kristoffersen, Sasha Shahbazi, Kjartan Due Nielsen, Anna-Karin Jönbrink, Jingyue Li, Carina Wiik, Tim C. McAloone. Developing a circular strategies framework for manufacturing companies to support circular economy-oriented innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 241 ():118271.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFenna Blomsma; Marina Pieroni; Mariia Kravchenko; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Jutta Hildenbrand; Anna Rùna Kristinsdottir; Eivind Kristoffersen; Sasha Shahbazi; Kjartan Due Nielsen; Anna-Karin Jönbrink; Jingyue Li; Carina Wiik; Tim C. McAloone. 2019. "Developing a circular strategies framework for manufacturing companies to support circular economy-oriented innovation." Journal of Cleaner Production 241, no. : 118271.
In order to operate in line with the circular economy (CE) concept, companies and other stakeholders need to work together to enable the circulation and cascading of resources. Although the need for proactive stakeholder management is a common theme in recent work on CE, little work has been dedicated to creating prescriptive methods for the co-design of CE value chains (CEVCs) focusing on selecting strategic partners, when to engage them and in what capacity. Following calls to connect the emerging CE literature with literature from existing bodies of knowledge, this paper explores the theoretical foundations of a CEVCs co-design method. Specifically, this paper explores resource-base view (RBV); resource dependency theory (RDT); and actor-network theory (ANT), and synthesises an outline for the co-design process of CEVCs. Reflections on the process link it to the extant co-design literature and explain how the process can be used for method and tool development.
Fenna Blomsma; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. A Theoretical Foundation for Developing a Prescriptive Method for the Co-Design of Circular Economy Value Chains. Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 2019, 1, 3141 -3150.
AMA StyleFenna Blomsma, Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso, Tim C. McAloone. A Theoretical Foundation for Developing a Prescriptive Method for the Co-Design of Circular Economy Value Chains. Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design. 2019; 1 (1):3141-3150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFenna Blomsma; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. 2019. "A Theoretical Foundation for Developing a Prescriptive Method for the Co-Design of Circular Economy Value Chains." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1: 3141-3150.
A key question regarding business model innovation/development for circular economy is “how to make it happen in practice”? By systematically reviewing 92 approaches from circular economy and sustainability literature and practice, this research identifies requirements and proposes a holistic and systemic process for business model innovation for circular economy. This conceptual process model was consolidated based on the integration of the unique elements of sixteen existing process models. It comprises three-stages (sense, seize, transform) based on a dynamic capabilities view, and envisions 33 activities, 21 deliverables, 88 techniques/tools and 13 enablers or catalyzers for change. Besides enabling the view of processes and procedures with behavior and learning skills required to inspire circular economy thinking in business model innovation, it highlights the importance of 'formalized' decision-making procedures and includes activities to integrate sustainability thinking and to support the identification of required changes in product innovation/development.
Marina De Padua Pieroni; Tim McAloone; Daniela Pigosso. Business Model Innovation for Circular Economy: Integrating Literature and Practice into a Conceptual Process Model. Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 2019, 1, 2517 -2526.
AMA StyleMarina De Padua Pieroni, Tim McAloone, Daniela Pigosso. Business Model Innovation for Circular Economy: Integrating Literature and Practice into a Conceptual Process Model. Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design. 2019; 1 (1):2517-2526.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina De Padua Pieroni; Tim McAloone; Daniela Pigosso. 2019. "Business Model Innovation for Circular Economy: Integrating Literature and Practice into a Conceptual Process Model." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1: 2517-2526.
Product—service systems (PSSs) are often outlined as potential enablers of new business models for circular economy. However, not all business models based on product-service systems have superior circularity potential. This research demonstrates how the application of a previously developed business model configurator for circular economy can support the design and assessment of customer value, economic and resource decoupling potential for product-service system business models in practice. By applying action research in two Nordic manufacturing companies from the furniture sector, different business model concepts based on product-service systems were proposed and assessed. Results indicate positive uptake by companies regarding the usefulness of the obtained outcomes. This research identified two key findings about ‘product-service system business models for circular economy’: (i) their configuration should fulfil certain simultaneous conditions—i.e. superior customer value, economic growth, and resource decoupling potential—to contribute to circular economy; and (ii) they are often ‘niche solutions’, fulfilling specific needs and customer segments, and more likely to flourish with certain types/characteristic of products, segments or geographical locations. Lastly, a framework outlining the conditions and trade-offs for assessing the circularity potential of business models based on product-service systems is introduced as one of the key contributions.
Marina P. P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela C. A. Pigosso. Configuring New Business Models for Circular Economy through Product–Service Systems. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3727 .
AMA StyleMarina P. P. Pieroni, Tim C. McAloone, Daniela C. A. Pigosso. Configuring New Business Models for Circular Economy through Product–Service Systems. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (13):3727.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina P. P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela C. A. Pigosso. 2019. "Configuring New Business Models for Circular Economy through Product–Service Systems." Sustainability 11, no. 13: 3727.
The lack of quantitative mechanisms aimed at evaluating the potential business benefits of ecodesign prior to implementation is a major barrier to wider adoption in manufacturing companies. Ecodesign is defined as the consistent integration of environmental aspects into product development processes. Within this frame, there is a need to understand how the development of ecodesign capabilities affect overall business performance over time. Drawing upon the Ecodesign Maturity Model (EcoM2) as the theoretical foundation, this paper systematically reviews the literature on (i) relevant applications of dynamic modeling and (ii) relationships between ecodesign management practices and key business performance outcomes, in order to develop a simulation-based approach aimed at deriving a business case framework for ecodesign implementation. The resulting framework originates the “business case simulator”, which was subjected to the judgement and evaluation of six industry experts regarding its applicability and usefulness to manufacturing settings. The results are discussed and future research streams – coupled with improvement opportunities to the business case simulator – are pointed.
Vinícius P. Rodrigues; Daniela C.A. Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. Business cases for ecodesign implementation: a simulation-based framework. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 234, 1045 -1058.
AMA StyleVinícius P. Rodrigues, Daniela C.A. Pigosso, Tim C. McAloone. Business cases for ecodesign implementation: a simulation-based framework. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 234 ():1045-1058.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVinícius P. Rodrigues; Daniela C.A. Pigosso; Tim C. McAloone. 2019. "Business cases for ecodesign implementation: a simulation-based framework." Journal of Cleaner Production 234, no. : 1045-1058.
Circular economy seems to offer abounding opportunities for companies that are seeking to optimize their business practices while reducing the environmental burden. Circular economy therefore is often seen as a stepping-stone towards sustainability. However, to ensure the transition from linear to circular economy in a sustainable way, a shift requires implementation of not only financially beneficial circular strategies, but also environmentally and socially valuable ones. The challenge for companies is to understand how a particular circular initiative in their business context contributes to sustainability and what elements of sustainability have to be assessed prior to the initiative implementation. This paper illustrates how an indicator-based sustainability screening tool for circular economy initiatives can guide companies in their decision making towards a more sustainable circular initiative choice. In addition, the paper highlights challenges of measuring sustainability in a circular economy context.
Mariia Kravchenko; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso. Implications of developing a tool for sustainability screening of circular economy initiatives. Procedia CIRP 2019, 80, 625 -630.
AMA StyleMariia Kravchenko, Tim C. McAloone, Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso. Implications of developing a tool for sustainability screening of circular economy initiatives. Procedia CIRP. 2019; 80 ():625-630.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariia Kravchenko; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela Cristina Antelmi Pigosso. 2019. "Implications of developing a tool for sustainability screening of circular economy initiatives." Procedia CIRP 80, no. : 625-630.
As circular economy and sustainability gain greater attention of governments, industry and academia, business model innovation for circularity and/or sustainability is becoming fundamental to sustain companies' competitive advantage. A variety of business model innovation approaches have been proposed to suit circular economy or sustainability principles. Although they largely have been addressed independently as two separate knowledge areas, there is an opportunity to seize synergies from the intersection of both streams. This paper provides a review of approaches for business model innovation for circular economy and/or sustainability, based on a systematic review of academic literature and practitioner-based methodologies. The systematic literature review identified 94 publications and 92 approaches (including conceptual models, methods or tools). The different approaches were categorized according to the business model innovation process, following a three stage 'dynamic capability' view. Subsequently they were compared based on five characteristics (nature of data, boundaries of analysis, level of abstraction, time-based view, and representation style), to allow for a better understanding of how to use the approaches in research and practice. Based on the review, key findings outlining trends and a reflection about the interface of the scopes of circular economy-oriented and sustainability-oriented business model innovation are presented. Moreover, a number of gaps are identified and a framework outlined that maps a future research agenda to simultaneously advance both streams.
Marina P.P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela C.A. Pigosso. Business model innovation for circular economy and sustainability: A review of approaches. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 215, 198 -216.
AMA StyleMarina P.P. Pieroni, Tim C. McAloone, Daniela C.A. Pigosso. Business model innovation for circular economy and sustainability: A review of approaches. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 215 ():198-216.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina P.P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Daniela C.A. Pigosso. 2019. "Business model innovation for circular economy and sustainability: A review of approaches." Journal of Cleaner Production 215, no. : 198-216.