This study concentrates on the sequencing of candidate genes linked to desirable agricultural qualities in Kazakh selection sheep, a region of considerable significance in improving sheep breeding and agricultural practices. The main goal is to examine genetic markers that impact important characteristics like as meat and wool quality, which are vital for the financial sustainability of sheep farming. The study focuses on certain candidate genes, namely MSTN, CAST, FAT1, and FZD3, which have been identified for their potential influence on agricultural features, using modern genetic sequencing techniques. The process entails the sequencing of specific sections of the genome and conducting a thorough examination of these genes to detect changes and their associations with desirable agricultural characteristics. The findings unveil significant genetic differences that are directly linked to the qualities of interest. These findings are crucial not only for comprehending the genetic composition of Kazakh sheep but also for their substantial impact on the domain of animal genetics and breeding. This work significantly enhances the current understanding by clarifying the genetic elements that impact important agricultural characteristics in sheep. Moreover, the discovery holds practical importance due to its potential applicability in selective breeding schemes. Through utilizing the knowledge acquired from genetic analysis, breeders can devise more effective and focused breeding tactics, ultimately resulting in enhanced agricultural output and quality in sheep farming. Consequently, this research shows great potential for progressing the field of animal genetics and enhancing the economic viability of sheep farming in Kazakhstan and other regions.

This study is dedicated to the study of the genetics of saiga antelope, a species of antelope whose populations have experienced repeated critical declines in the past. The aim of our work was to identify genetic differences between individual saigas, which is extremely important for the survival of the species and its ability to adapt.This study employs a combined k-mer based comparative genomics and mitochondrial genome analysis to investigate genetic variation in S.t. tatarica. Whole genome sequencing data were used to assess genomic diversity, revealing significant variationbetween samples, with 25.55-28.49% of k-mers being sample-specific. Mitochondrial genome sequencing provided 100% coverage for all samples and identified 532 variants. The variants were predominantly "Upstream gene" (47.7%) and synonymous variants (40.2%), with a smaller proportion of "Missense" variants (11.5%) and rare "Stop gained" and "Stop lost" variants, with a total frequency of 0.6%. The distribution of variants was not uniform across samples: three samples showed significantly more variants (101 each) compared to the sample with the lowest number (18). The distribution of variants across genes and their functional impact classification provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic variations present in the mitochondrial genome of S. tatarica.Wefound that, despite population declines, saigas retained a moderate level of genetic diversity in both their nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. This is supported by the presence of unique genetic markers in each individual and variations in mitochondrial DNA. These results are significant because they 201demonstrate the species' potential for recovery and highlight the need to develop targeted conservation strategies

This study employs a combined k-mer based comparative genomics and mitochondrial genome analysis to investigate genetic variation in S.t. tatarica. Whole genome sequencing data were used to assess genomic diversity, revealing significant variation between samples, with 25.55-28.49% of k-mers being sample-specific. Mitochondrial genome sequencing provided 100% coverage for all samples and identified 532 variants. These variants were predominantly variants of the ND4, ND5, ND6, and CYTB genes, with uneven distribution among samples and mitochondrial genes. The results indicate a noticeable level of genetic diversity in S.t. tatarica and provide insight into the population structure of the species.