The elimination of thiophenic sulfides from fuel oils is essential for both environmental protection and industrial catalysis. However, conventional hydrodesulfurization encounters difficulties due to severe operating conditions and limited efficacy against aromatic heterocyclic sulfur compounds. Adsorptive desulfurization offers notable advantages under milder conditions. In this investigation, topology-guided pore engineering was utilized to fabricate porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) with distinct pore structures through Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling. Notably, PBPAF-2, despite its lower specific surface, demonstrates significantly improved mass transfer kinetics attributed to its unique mesoporous channel (2.13 nm), resulting in notably prolonged dynamic breakthrough retention times compared to other materials in the series. Analysis using synchrotron-assisted FT-IR spectroscopy reveals a blue-shift in benzene ring characteristic peaks following adsorption of dibenzothiophene and benzothiophene, indicating that π-π interactions between electron-rich aromatic rings in PAFs and thiophenic rings are the primary driving force for adsorption. This work proposes a dual-factor synergistic design strategy of “mass transfer optimization–electron cloud matching”, offering a new strategy for the development of highly efficient adsorbents.

Novel solid strong base catalysts have attracted considerable attention in fine chemical synthesis owing to their unique advantages. In this work, a magnetic solid strong base catalyst with controlled morphology and porous carbon shell structure was successfully fabricated using low-cost carbon sources combined with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. KOH was used to introduce strong basic sites through ultrasonic-assisted impregnation. The carbon shell acted as a protective barrier to suppress detrimental interactions between basic species and the support while maintaining structural integrity after high-temperature activation without morphology degradation. The obtained K/C/Fe₃O₄ catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance and near-ideal superparamagnetic behavior. In the transesterification reaction for dimethyl carbonate (DMC) synthesis, the K/C/Fe₃O₄ catalyst provides superior performance than conventional solid base catalysts and maintains stable activity over six consecutive cycles. Notably, efficient solid–liquid separation was achieved successfully via magnetic separation, demonstrating practical applicability for the K/C/Fe₃O₄ catalyst.