Purpose: Drawing on the contemporary literature and the theory of employer attractiveness, the authors aimed to examine key antecedents and consequences of employer attractiveness by proposing functional hypotheses and relationships between some endogenous variables.Design/methodology/approach: Using the quota-cum-purposive sampling method, the unit of analysis selected for this study was millennials aged 18–35 years and working in the hospitality, travel, tourism and leisure (HTTL) sectors for the last two years. A total of 218 responses were collected in three months (June–August 2022). The data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).Findings: For young employees, company recruitment behaviour, company image and source credibility are significantly and directly related to company attractiveness. The relationship between company image and employee word of mouth (WOM) was significantly positive. Company recruitment behaviour was found to significantly influence employee commitment. Company attractiveness was found to be directly related to young employees' WOM about the company and commitment to it.Originality/value: The study establishes the significance of company attractiveness because a company's success largely depends on the company's ability to attract and retain a talented and skilled workforce. Moreover, the present study provides much-needed insights to policymakers and regulators that can help the policymakers define and implement favourable policies to promote and protect the country's job market and offer directions to youth employment.

Amid economic pressure and inclination for independent financing, universities tend to commercialize knowledge, a growing trend emerging as an entry gate for the privatization of scientific advancements and the development and transfer of technology from universities. Numerous studies have been conducted on the commercialization of knowledge. This article aims to integrate previous studies and develop a comprehensive model out of the factors cited in those studies. Therefore, 57 relevant articles were analyzed to identify the indices of knowledge commercialization within the framework of a systematic review literature guideline. In addition to guideline validate criteria, three university professors were interviewed for conceptual model include the subjects (contextual, individual, organizational, institutional, and environmental), and components.

Цель исследования: В данном исследовании рассматривается экономическая система Казахстана и её ключевые показатели, в частности, производительность труда и уровень экономического роста. Методология исследования: в работе используется метод декомпозиции, который позволяет объяснить изменения общей производительности в разных секторах экономики. Оригинальность (ценность) исследования: После периода пандемии экономика страны показала снижение основных макроэкономических показателей и динамики роста. На данный момент особое внимание уделяется установлению тесной связи между структурой занятости и ростом экономики. Результаты исследования: В статье анализируются факторы, влияющие на количественные и качественные параметры рабочей силы, а также показатели, определяющие интенсивность различных процессов материального производства, которые воздействуют на структуру занятости в Казахстане. Также определено влияние современного развития на структуру экономики страны: все больше работников переходит из сельского хозяйства в высокопроизводительные отрасли промышленности и сферы услуг. Этот факт подтверждается с помощью метода декомпозиции.