(1) Purpose: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on mental health and the utilization of hospital-based inpatient mental health care worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of this pandemic on the utilization of this service in Shanghai by comparison with hospital-based health care records during the preceding 4 years. (2) Methods: The medical records were provided by the Shanghai Municipal Health Insurance Bureau. Diagnostic coding was based on International Classification of Diseases-10th revision (ICD-10), and inpatients with codes from F00 to F99 were examined. (3) Results: Inpatients were compared according to gender, age, pandemic stage, and type of mental disease. Utilization of psychiatric inpatient care in Shanghai during each of the four stages of the pandemic (1 January 2016 to 21 January 2020; 22 January 2020 to 9 February 2020; 10 February 2020 to 1 March 2020; 2 March 2020 to 31 July 2020) was analyzed. Before the lockdown, the utilization of psychiatric inpatient care had an overall upward trend; after the lockdown, the number of inpatients dropped sharply; as of 31 July 2020, it has not been restored. The utilization of this service for most types of mental disease declined rapidly during the pandemic; for vascular dementia (VAD, F01), it was relatively steady. The observed number of inpatient patients was about 51.07% lower than the predicted number in 2020. (4) Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the implementation of prevention and control measures that reduced the utilization of psychiatric inpatient care in Shanghai. The use of inpatient services for categories F20–F29 had the greatest decline, and VAD (F01) had the smallest change during the pandemic. This service consequence of COVID-19 is apparent; to assure access to adequate service during a pandemic, health care professionals should pay close attention to changes in the utilization of different mental health services.

Background: Since its first case’s occurrence in Wuhan, China, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading rapidly to other provinces and neighboring countries. A series of intervention strategies have been implemented, but didn’t stop its spread. Methods: Two mathematical models have been developed to simulate the current epidemic situation in the city of Wuhan and in other parts of China. Special considerations were given to the mobility of people for the estimation and forecast the number of asymptomatic infections, symptomatic infections, and the infections of super-spreading events (I _sse ). Findings: The basic reproductive number (R ₀ ) was calculated for the period between 18 January 2020 and 16 February 2020: R ₀ declined from 5.75 to 1.69 in Wuhan and from 6.22 to 1.67 in the entire country (not including the Wuhan area). At the same time, Wuhan is estimated to observe a peak in the number of confirmed cases around 6 February 2020. The number of infected individuals in the entire country (not including the Wuhan area) peaked around February 3. The results also show that the peak of new asymptomatic cases per day in Wuhan occurred on February 6, and the peak of new symptomatic infections have occurred on February 3. Concurrently, while the number of confirmed cases nationwide would continue to decline, the number of real-time COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan has reached a peak of 13,030 on February 14 before it decreases. The model further shows that the COVID-19 cases will gradually wane by the end of April 2020, both in Wuhan and the other parts of China. The number of confirmed cases would reach the single digit on March 27 in Wuhan and March 19 in the entire country. The five cities with top risk index in China with the exclusion of Wuhan are: Huanggang, Xiaogan, Jingzhou, Chongqing, and Xiangyang city. Interpretations: Although the national peak time has been reached, a significant proportion of asymptomatic patients and the infections of super-spreading events (I _sse ) still exist in the population, indicating the potential difficulty for the prevention and control of the disease. As the Return-to-Work tide is approaching and upgrading, further measures (e.g., escalatory quarantine, mask wearing when going out, and sit apart when taking vehicles) will be particularly crucial to stop the COVID-19 in other cities outside of Wuhan. What was already known about the topic concerned: Currently, a Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is thought to have emerged into the human population in Wuhan, and cases have been identified in neighboring provinces and other countries. In existing epidemiological studies, the basic reproduction number (R ₀ ) of the virus were estimated between 1.4 and 5. Besides, it is of crucial importance to evaluate and improve different intervention strategies which have already implemented. What new knowledge the manuscript contributes: In this study, two mathematical models were established to simulate the current epidemic situation and predict the future trend of the COVID-19. We found that with the implementation of different policies, R ₀ continued to decline over time and the number of confirmed cases in Wuhan will peak on around February 6. Also, we estimated and forecast the number of asymptomatic infections, symptomatic infections, and infections of super-spreading events caused by the COVID-19 and the risk index of different cities. Implications of all the available evidence: Our research has important practical implications for public health policy makers. Although the current prevention and control measures have made some significant inroads into controlling the epidemic, complete control has not yet been achieved. We recommend that self-isolation at home be strictly observed for a period of time in the future. Furthermore, our estimation of the number of asymptomatic people, super spreading and real-time inpatients would provide basis guidance for the hospital to arrange beds accordingly.

Objective: to assess Chinese children’s guardians’ intentions and attitudes toward accepting a pertussis cocooning vaccination and its determinants. Methods: a self-administered questionnaire was designed based on a theoretical framework that originated mainly from the reasoned action approach. Associations between questionnaire variables and outcomes were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses with odds ratios (OR), regression coefficients (β), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: among 762 eligible participants, most (80.71%) reported a positive intention to accept a pertussis cocooning vaccination. The guardians’ positive intention was related to the children’s pertussis vaccination experience (OR = 2.483, 95% CI: 1.340–4.600). Guardians who had a positive attitude towards pertussis vaccination (OR = 1.554, 95% CI: 1.053–2.296), higher subjective norms (OR = 1.960, 95% CI: 1.371–2.802) and better perceived behavioral control (OR = 7.482, 95% CI: 4.829–11.591) stated a higher intention to receive a pertussis cocooning vaccination. The mean attitude score was 3.88 ± 0.863. Greater risk perception about pertussis (β = 0.390, 95% CI: 0.298–0.483), stronger obligation from moral norms (β = 0.355, 95% CI: 0.279–0.430), and good knowledge (β = 0.108, 95% CI: 0.070–0.146) were significantly related to positive attitude toward pertussis cocooning vaccination among guardians. Conclusions: Chinese children’s guardians held positive intentions and attitudes toward accepting a pertussis cocooning vaccination. The current findings described the determinants of such intention and attitude and provided knowledge based on improving guardians’ intentions for policymakers if cocooning vaccinations or related immunization strategies are implemented in China in the future.