The study was carried out based on the experience of a comparative culture, which is composed of 11 genotypes of Alopecurus pratensis and presents the production capacity and the quality of the fodder obtained under the specific conditions of the Brașov Depression in the year 2023. The results obtained showed that the production of dry matter of the species was obtained between 8.68 and 10.27 tons per hectare. The fodder quality of the species was good, having an average content of crude protein (CB) of 13.8%, in crude fiber (CF) of 32.6%, and digestibility coefficients (DMD, DOM) varied between 57.4 and 60.5%. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the species Alopecurus pratensis in culture has a high potential, a minimum of three harvests can be made in an agricultural year, at first cut the highest production of dry matter is obtained, representing 45% of the total production, and depending on the phenophase of the vegetation at harvest, the fodder obtained can ensure a high quality.

We studied the quality indices of the energy phytomass from perennial grass Dactylis glomerata and Festuca pratensis, collected from the experimental field of the National Botanical Garden (Institute) MSU, Chişinău. The quality indices of green mass substrates for anaerobic digestion: 92-98 g/kg CP, 359-389 g/kg CF, 76-80 g/kg CA, 648-682 g/kg NDF, 380-412 g/kg ADF, 33-41 g/kg ADL, 347-371 g/kg Cel, 269-270g/kg HC, with C/N=32.74-34.72 and biochemical methane potential 337-350 l/kg ODM. The quality indices of phytomass (straw) substrates: 771-799 g/kg NDF, 478-484 g/kg ADF, 54-65 g/kg ADL, 419-424 g/kg Cel, 293315g/kg HC and theoretical ethanol yield from structural carbohydrates averaged 522-533 L/t. The quality indices of solid biofuel–pellets: 8.01-9.03% ash, 18.10-18.44 MJ/kg GCV, 16.73-17.07 MJ/kg NCV with bulk density 595-652 kg/m3 and durability 93-96%.

In Transilvania Plateau, Brașov Depression and Bârsa Mountains on the basic lithogenic soil are grasslands with, very high pastoral value dominated by Festuca rupicola, Poa pratensis, Cynosurus cristatus, Agrostis capillaris, Festuca rubra, Trifolium repens and other forage species. By overpaddocking during the 6-8 nights, 1 sheep/1 sqm, these grasslands are invaded by nitrophile weeds such as Rumex obtusifolius between 300-1,200 m altitude, Rumex alpinus over 1,200 m to 1,600-1,800 m altitude and Urtica dioica in the all zones. In the soil the fertilizer nutrients are accumulated excessively potassium and nitrogen. In function of the overpaddocking intensity, the noxious effect during the 4 (6 ) – 8 (12) years. In this period the soil is invaded by weeds, being out economic cycle.

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L.) is one of the species cultivated in many countries of the world, being used as a medicinal, industrial and ornamental plant. It is distinguished as one of the most valuable plant species with a high content of essential oils. It is known that Lavender has a low seed germination rate, requiring vegetative propagation techniques, appropriate for obtaining high-quality planting material, which ensures both uniformity and high productivity. This work aimed to identify the most efficient method of lavender propagation by cuttings, to be economically profitable, and thus to support farmers who want to establish a Lavender crop but have limited financial resources. To determine the effect of cutting length on the rooting process, a factorial experiment was carried out, consisting of five variations of cutting length and a control variant of seed propagation. Each experimental variant had five repetitions, the tested lengths were: 3 cm, 5 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm, rooting and emergence evaluations were made 30 days after planting. The results obtained showed that the best rooting variant of lavender cuttings is 5 cm with a percentage of 87% rooted cuttings 45 days after planting.

For the establishment of this assortment, germplasm sources from 16 species of grasses were chosen: Festuca supina, Festuca gigantea, Phleum bertolonii, Phleum boehmeri, Cynosurus cristatus, Arrhenaterum elatius, Alopecurus pratensis, Holcus lanatus, Agrostis gigantea, Agropyron repens, Poa palustris, Poa compressa, Poa nemoralis, Poa pratensis and Lolium perenne. The purpose of this research is the customization of performance: speed of establishment, growth and development rate, resistance to wintering and frost, drought, diseases and pests, forage and seed production potential,. For the species that started early in the vegetation, 3 cuts were made, with forage productions distributed evenly throughout the vegetation period, with differences depending on species, but also the productive potential of each genotype. Regarding the forage quality it was found that between the crude protein and the other components there are positive correlations with: ash, digestibility of dry matter and negative correlations with the cell walls components (ADF, ADL, NDF). The results obtained regarding the forage and seed production, and forages quality emphasized some genotypes from the species: Agrostis gigantea, Agropyron repens, Alopecurus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens for further breeding activities.

Silphium integrifolium Michx. (Asteraceae family), commonly known as rosinweed, is a tall (up to 200 cm), long-lived perennial prairie species native to eastern North America. It is studied in various research centers for its potential as an oilseed, forage, honey and technical crop. The goal of this study was to evaluate the silage quality of S. integrifolium grown under the climatic conditions of Moldova and its value as forage for ruminants and substrate for biomethane production. An introduced ecotype of S. integrifolium was cultivated in the experimental plots of the “Alexandru Ciubotaru” National Botanical Garden (Institute). Green biomass was harvested at the early flowering stage from three-year-old plants. Whole plants were chopped and ensiled in sealed containers. After 45 days, silage samples were analyzed for sensory, fermentation and nutrient characteristics according to standard laboratory procedures and the Moldovan Standard SM 108. Biochemical composition was determined using near-infrared spectroscopy (PERTEN DA 7200) at the Institute for Grassland, Braşov. Analyzed parameters included: crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, total soluble sugars, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin. Hemicellulose, cellulose, digestible dry matter, digestible energy, metabolizable energy, net energy for lactation and relative feedusing the methods described by Badger et al. (1979), and the biochemical methane potential – according to Dandikas et al. (2015). Results showed that the silage had a pH of 4.54, and contained 8.1 g/kg acetic acid, 32.4 g/kg lactic acid and 0.03 g/kg butyric acid. The silage dry matter nutrients 12.6 % CP, 10.6 % ash, 35.5 % CF, 37.9 % ADF, 58.3 % NDF, 4.6 % ADL, 33.0 % Cel, 20.4 % HC and 2.3 % TSS, with 594 g/kg DDM, 11.76 MJ/kg DE, 9.66 MJ/kg ME, and 5.79 MJ/kg NEl. The C/N ratio of substrate was 24.6, and the biochemical methane potential reached 297 L/kg DM or 332 L/kg ODM. Silphium integrifolium silage exhibits favorable biochemical properties, making it a promising alternative fermented feed for ruminants and viable substrate for biomethane production.