Woven and knitted fabrics were chosen to determine their electro-conductive properties. Van der Pauw equation modified by Wasscher for anisotropic materials was used. The electrical conductivity of textile materials was anisotropic as indicated by the biaxial anisotropy coefficient being in the range from 1.1 to 7.2. Resistance was higher when current flows between electrodes arranged on the line parallel to the warp and course direction in the case of woven or knitted fabrics respectively. Results of analysis confirmed the effect of sample surface roughness on its electro-conductive properties. Sample with a smooth surface will conduct electrical current better than sample with a rough one. Electrical resistivity of the fabrics indicated that they can be used as paths for conveying electrical signals.

The main purpose of the study was to present the basic problems of determining surface resistance of electroconductive fabric. The attention was paid to the arrangement of electrodes on a sample. Analysis of the contact resistance between the measuring electrode and the fibrous substrate was conducted. The multi-variant research of a textile sample has shown that the electrodes arrangement is of significance for sample resistance measurement results. The arrangement of four electrodes on the edge of the sample allows the assessment of electroconductive properties of whole textile sample surface. It was found that the woven fabric sample is not homegeneous and anisotropic. Research of textile material with the coaxial electrode arrangement enable the local values of material resistance to be assessed. Results of multi-variant research have provided important knowledge about the textile material structure and its properties.

Knitted fabrics, due to their multifunctional characteristics in terms of flexibility, elasticity and pliancy, are suitable to be used in electro-thermal garments as monitoring sensors for body movement. The arrangement of fibers and yarns in textiles makes them, in the majority of cases, inhomogeneous and anisotropic materials. Five highly conductive plain weft knitted fabrics in which anisotropy of electro-conductive properties occurred were chosen. In order to assess the global degree of planar anisotropy of the knitted fabrics, a new measurement procedure was designed. The Van der Pauw electrode configuration was used. The determination of resistance at selected points on the sample surface allowed us to find the surface response for each sample. Based on the results, the assessment of the global degree of planar anisotropy of electro-conductive properties of knitted fabrics was possible. Moreover, the experiment was designed to simultaneously solve the problem of measuring the resistance at the sample edge. The quotients ratio used as a measure representing the degree of global anisotropy was found to range from 2.5 to 11.1. This quotient was higher compared to that determined on the basis of measurements conducted in multi-directions lying in the sample plane and at a constant distance from the electrodes and from the sample edge. The relatively wide range of resistance values obtained for three samples makes it possible to use them as strain sensors, for example. The narrow resistance range observed in two samples is suited for the development of medical sensors, such as electrocardiogram electrodes.

A method of modeling woven fabric permeability features by means of neural nets is presented. The experiment is based on a steady-system design. A formal dependence is found, describing the relationship of the integral of a function that is a real pressure impulse formed on the woven fabric under impact air flow conditions, with its apparent density, warp twist, and weft twist. The model is assessed by verifying the structure of the neural net.

The textile electrodes are used to muscles electrostimulation during the therapy. The textile electrodes are new product which can replace the traditional metal or graphite electrodes. They are elastic and good fitted to body shape (legs or arms). The presented solution decreased contact resistance between textile electrodes and human skin. The elaborated electrodes are located in textile band, ortez or socks in electrostimulation places. This kind of product we called textronic. In the article the method of textile electrodes production is described. To the manufactured electrodes new electroconductive textile materials are used. They consist of silver particles. New technologies, like plasma treatment, impregnate method or printing technology, was used to the modification of textile layers. In the articles authors also described the method of surface resistance distribution measurement, which is quality evaluation criterion of innovative textile materials to electrodes construction.