In this work, a novel aqueous rechargeable battery Zn/LiCl-ZnCl2/LiFePO4 has been developed. The electrochemical performance of olivine LiFePO4 positive electrode has been investigated in the structure of this battery. Along with a high (about 100%) coulombic efficiency, this electrode exhibited enhanced cycling performance at various current densities up to 60C with the average operation voltage 1.2V. A capacity of 92mAhg−1 was achieved over 400 cycles at a cycling rate 6C, and exhibited a superior rate capability with the capacities of 72mAhg−1 at 30C and 45mAhg−1 at 60C, respectively. The battery temperature tolerance was first investigated, and it demonstrated a very stable cycling at a wide temperature range from −10°C to 50°C. A cylindrical battery with the capacity of 150mAh was first designed using proposed configuration and successfully operated under 54mA with high efficiency and capacity retention. Zn/LiFePO4 battery offers an exceptionally safe, low cost, long cycling life, and high energy and power density energy storage for large-scale applications

A freestanding sulfur/dehydrogenated polyacrylonitrile/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite (S/DPAN/MWCNT) was prepared by a simple vacuum filtration of a mixture of S/DPAN composite and MWCNT suspensions, and studied as a cathode for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries. SEM and EDS analysis revealed uniform distribution of sulfur in a conductive pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile host matrix with MWCNT integrated into the composite. Self-weaving MWCNT create an electronically conductive network and reinforce structural stability of the system, leading to an outstanding electrochemical performance of the composite cathode. Binder/current collector-free composite cathode exhibits high capacities of 1450mAhg−1 at 0.2 C and 930mAhg−1 at 2 C charge-discharge rates. A high discharge capacity of 1250mAhg−1 is achieved after 260 cycles at 0.2 C with a coulombic efficiency around 100%

This paper reports the synthesis of the silica (SiO2) from Kyzylorda rice husk (RH) and investigation of its electrochemical behaviour as an anode material for the lithium-ion battery. Rice husk, considered as agricultural waste material, contains a substantial amount of amorphous silica, carbon, and minor other mineral composition, which have potential industrial and scientific applications. Due to the high theoretical capacity of silicon (4200 mAh g-1) and silicon dioxide (1965 mAh g-1), Si-containing compounds are considered as a promising candidate for a new generation of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In this work, the technology of amorphous SiO2 extraction from Kyzylorda region rice husk is developed. The silica powder was obtained by burning the rice husk and treating the obtained ash with the sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. The extracted SiO2 and intermediate products were studied by the SEM, XRD, XRF, XPS, TGA in comparison with commercial silica. The RH of the Kyzylorda region has 12% of Si. The electrochemical characteristics of assembled coin cell type battery were tested by using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling. Results show that silica synthesized from agriculture waste has the same performance as commercial analog. The initial discharge capacity of the battery with synthesized silicon dioxide was 1049 mAhg-1. The reversible discharge capacity in the second and subsequent cycles is about 438 mAhg-1.

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO@NCNT) were prepared via a sol–gel route as sulfur encapsulator for lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries. The electrochemical properties of the S/ZnO@NCNT composite cathode were evaluated in Li/S batteries. It delivered an initial capacity of 1032 mAh·g⁻¹ at a charge/discharge rate of 0.2C and maintained a reversible capacity of 665 mAh·g⁻¹ after 100 cycles. The coulombic efficiency of the cathode remains unchanged above 99%, showing stable cycling performance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the formation of S–Zn and S–O bonds in the composite. This indicates that an enhanced cycling and rate capability of the S/ZnO@NCNT composite could be ascribed to advantages of the ZnO@NCNT matrix. In the composite, the active ZnO-rich surfaces offer a high sulfur-bonding capability and the NCNT core acts as a conductive framework providing pathways for ion and electron transport. The as-prepared S/ZnO@NCNT composite is a promising cathode material for Li/S batteries.