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In an era of significant growth in the availability of spatial data and continued advances in computing technologies, opportunities for new interpretations and solutions to the landscape research problems posed worldwide are emerging. This paper presents different possibilities of applying digital terrain model (DTM) data in research of various aspects of landscape. For this purpose, two different methods were proposed. The first was to identify a set of components of the Jelenia Góra city landscape character on the basis of the topographic position index and spatial distribution of land cover, while the second was to assess the landscape of Jelenia Góra city in terms of the possibility of adopting new elements, using the author’s scenic absorptivity method. The results indicate the structure of the components of the landscape character of Jelenia Góra city together with its spatial distribution, which also allowed for the delineation of landscape units. The scenic absorptivity analysis showed that there are isolated areas within Jelenia Góra city that are capable of accommodating significant size elements that would not adversely affect the city landscape. In conclusion, DTM data are able to significantly improve research methods in landscape studies.
Grzegorz Budzik; Piotr Krajewski. Assessment of Landscape Character and Absorptivity Based on Digital Terrain Model Analysis—Case Study of Jelenia Góra City in Poland. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7969 .
AMA StyleGrzegorz Budzik, Piotr Krajewski. Assessment of Landscape Character and Absorptivity Based on Digital Terrain Model Analysis—Case Study of Jelenia Góra City in Poland. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7969.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGrzegorz Budzik; Piotr Krajewski. 2021. "Assessment of Landscape Character and Absorptivity Based on Digital Terrain Model Analysis—Case Study of Jelenia Góra City in Poland." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7969.
One of the most problematic forms of nature protection in Poland relates to landscape parks. They include the most valuable landscapes, but the areas within the landscape park still have economic uses. Therefore, the monitoring of landscape changes within landscape parks is necessary in order to properly manage these forms of protection. The main objective of the study was to monitor the scale and nature of landscape transformations within the boundaries of landscape parks in Poland during the period 2000–2018 and to assess the possibility of using the landscape change index (LCI) to monitor the intensity of landscape transformations within this type of protected area. Preliminary analyses of the transformations within all landscape parks in Poland showed an upward trend, both in terms of the number of types of identified landscape changes as well as their area. In spite of the large diversity and degree of transformation in landscape parks, several dominant processes can be observed. The largest number and area of changes during each of the analyzed periods were found in transformations within forest landscapes (temporary and permanent deforestation and forest maturation), which constitute the dominant type of land cover within most of the landscape parks. In open landscapes, changes mainly relate to afforestation and natural succession in meadows, pastures, and arable land, as well as the transformation of arable land into mining areas. Twelve case studies, covering all landscape parks in Lower Silesia, have shown that the LCI is an excellent tool for monitoring the intensity of landscape changes, but it is dependent on the accuracy of the source data. The analyses confirmed that, during the study periods, the changes in all 12 Lower Silesian landscape parks were at a low level, but their particular intensification took place in the years from 2012 to 2018. The highest LCI was found in the area where a natural disaster had occurred (air tornado), which destroyed huge areas of forest in landscape parks. After changes in the forest landscape, the most frequently identified type of change in 2006–2012 was the transformation of non-forest landscapes into forest landscapes. The main reason for such changes was the expansion of forest into abandoned arable land, meadows, and pastures. The use of the Corine Land Cover database to calculate the LCI and monitor the intensity of landscape change revealed a low usability of the database for the year 2000 and a high usability for data from 2006 to 2018.
Piotr Krajewski. Monitoring of Landscape Transformations within Landscape Parks in Poland in the 21st Century. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2410 .
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski. Monitoring of Landscape Transformations within Landscape Parks in Poland in the 21st Century. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (8):2410.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski. 2019. "Monitoring of Landscape Transformations within Landscape Parks in Poland in the 21st Century." Sustainability 11, no. 8: 2410.
One of the most problematic forms of nature protection in Poland relates to landscape parks. On the one hand, they include the most valuable landscapes; on the other hand, the areas within the landscape park still have economic uses. Therefore, the monitoring of landscape changes within landscape parks is necessary in order to properly manage these forms of protection. The main objective of the study was to monitor the scale and nature of landscape transformations within the boundaries of landscape parks in Poland during the period 2000–2018 and to assess the possibility of using the landscape change index (LCI) to monitor the intensity of landscape transformations within this type of protected area. Filling a gap in the research on landscape changes, I developed and verified the possibility of using LCI for monitoring the intensity of landscape changes using the example of 12 landscape parks in the Lower Silesia region. Preliminary analyses of the transformations within all landscape parks in Poland showed an upward trend, both in terms of the number of types of identified landscape changes as well as their area. In spite of the large diversity and degree of transformation in landscape parks, several dominant processes can be observed. The largest number and area of changes during each of the analyzed periods were found in transformations within forest landscapes (temporary and permanent deforestation and forest maturation), which constitute the dominant type of land cover within most of the landscape parks. In open landscapes, changes mainly relate to afforestation and natural succession in meadows, pastures and arable land, as well as the transformation of arable land into mining areas. Twelve case studies, covering all landscape parks of the Lower Silesia, have shown that the LCI is an excellent tool for monitoring the intensity of landscape changes, but it is dependent on the accuracy of the source data. The analyses confirmed that, during the study periods, the changes in all 12 Lower Silesian landscape parks were at a low level, but their particular intensification took place in the years 2012–2018. The highest LCI was found in the area where a natural disaster had occurred (air tornado), which destroyed huge areas of forest in landscape parks. After changes in the forest landscape, the most frequently identified type of change in 2006–2012 is the transformation of non-forest landscapes into forest landscapes. The main reason for such changes was the expansion of forest into abandoned arable land, meadows and pastures. The use of the Corine Land Cover database to calculate LCI and monitor the intensity of landscape change revealed a low usability of the database for the year 2000 and a high usability for data from 2006–2018.
Piotr Krajewski. Monitoring of Landscape Transformations within Landscape Parks in Poland in the 21st century. 2019, 1 .
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski. Monitoring of Landscape Transformations within Landscape Parks in Poland in the 21st century. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski. 2019. "Monitoring of Landscape Transformations within Landscape Parks in Poland in the 21st century." , no. : 1.
This study analyzes legal system of urban landscape management in Poland and its changes in last decade on the example of Wroclaw – city located in central part of Lower Silesia region in south-western Poland. The main objective of the study was to assess the current legal system of urban landscape management in Poland in terms of the implementation of the European Landscape Convention provisions. Before coming into force the act of 24 April 2015 amending certain laws in connection with the reinforcement of the tools for landscape protection (so-called "Landscape Act") the basis of landscape management were spatial planning documents and guidelines from documents forming protection areas of nature or monument values. Study of the conditions and directions of spatial development, selected land development plans as well as guidelines for seven nature conservation areas and one cultural park were analyzed in terms of landscape management provisions. Changes of legal basis were also taken into account. After 11 years since ratifying European Landscape Convention in 2004 Polish authorities have finally noticed the necessity to implement its provisions to Polish law. Legal basis for urban landscape management has been drastically changed. Landscape Act introduces new tool for landscape management at regional level called landscape audit which will affect all new spatial planning documents of the city. It consists in characterization and assessment of all landscape types identified within the borders of each region in Poland. It is the basis for selection of priority landscapes, identification of threats and determination the way of spatial development of landscape units. Local authorities have also received new tool for shaping advertising policy. In the context of European Landscape Convention implementation, it should be emphasized that before 2015 there was no document dedicated strictly for landscape management of Wroclaw because there was no legal basis for it. All the provisions were scattered in various kind of documents that's why there was no coherent landscape management policy. It remains to be hoped that in the coming years, a coherent policy in this area will finally be developed and adopted thanks to the use of new landscape management tools.
Piotr Krajewski; Iga Solecka. Management System of Urban Landscape in Poland on the Example of Wroclaw in the Context of European Landscape Convention Implementation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 471, 112035 .
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski, Iga Solecka. Management System of Urban Landscape in Poland on the Example of Wroclaw in the Context of European Landscape Convention Implementation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 471 (11):112035.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski; Iga Solecka. 2019. "Management System of Urban Landscape in Poland on the Example of Wroclaw in the Context of European Landscape Convention Implementation." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471, no. 11: 112035.
Changes in forest landscapes have been connected with human activity for centuries and can be considered one of the main driving forces of change from a global perspective. The spatial distribution of forests changes along with the geopolitical situation, demographic changes, intensification of agriculture, urbanization, or changes in land use policy. However, due to the limited availability of historical data, the driving forces of changes in forest landscapes are most often considered in relation to recent decades, without taking long-term analyses into account. The aim of this paper is to determine the level and types of landscape changes and make preliminary study on natural and socio-economic factors on changes in forest landscapes within the protected area, Ślęża Landscape Park, and its buffer zone using long-term analyses covering a period of 140 years (1883–2013). A comparison of historical and current maps and demographic data related to three consecutive periods of time as well as natural and location factors by using the ArcGIS software allows the selected driving forces of forest landscape transformations to be analyzed. We took into account natural factors such as the elevation, slope, and exposure of the hillside and socio-economic drivers like population changes, distances to centers of municipalities, main roads, and built-up areas.
Piotr Krajewski; Iga Solecka; Karol Mrozik. Forest Landscape Change and Preliminary Study on Its Driving Forces in Ślęża Landscape Park (Southwestern Poland) in 1883–2013. Sustainability 2018, 10, 4526 .
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski, Iga Solecka, Karol Mrozik. Forest Landscape Change and Preliminary Study on Its Driving Forces in Ślęża Landscape Park (Southwestern Poland) in 1883–2013. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (12):4526.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski; Iga Solecka; Karol Mrozik. 2018. "Forest Landscape Change and Preliminary Study on Its Driving Forces in Ślęża Landscape Park (Southwestern Poland) in 1883–2013." Sustainability 10, no. 12: 4526.
Iga Solecka; Beata Raszka; Piotr Krajewski. Landscape analysis for sustainable land use policy: A case study in the municipality of Popielów, Poland. Land Use Policy 2018, 75, 116 -126.
AMA StyleIga Solecka, Beata Raszka, Piotr Krajewski. Landscape analysis for sustainable land use policy: A case study in the municipality of Popielów, Poland. Land Use Policy. 2018; 75 ():116-126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIga Solecka; Beata Raszka; Piotr Krajewski. 2018. "Landscape analysis for sustainable land use policy: A case study in the municipality of Popielów, Poland." Land Use Policy 75, no. : 116-126.
Piotr Krajewski. Assessing Change in a High-Value Landscape: Case Study of the Municipality of Sobotka, Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2017, 26, 2603 -2610.
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski. Assessing Change in a High-Value Landscape: Case Study of the Municipality of Sobotka, Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2017; 26 (6):2603-2610.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski. 2017. "Assessing Change in a High-Value Landscape: Case Study of the Municipality of Sobotka, Poland." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 26, no. 6: 2603-2610.
This study analysed spatial and temporal changes in protected landscape of Ślęża Landscape Park in Poland, covering an area of 7724 ha. The main objective was to determine level of landscape change of the research area after Polish accession to European Union by comparing land-cover maps from 2004, 2009 and 2014. With the use of prepared land cover maps, we developed a database of the surface of the main elements constituting the background landscape of the research area. The data obtained made it feasible to assess the level of change in two different periods of time (2004 - 2009 and 2009 - 2014) by means of the landscape change index (LCI). This indicator is described by one value which is the result of all the change types taking place in the background landscape in a given period of time. Comparing the index of different parts of Ślęża Landscape Park helped to identify areas where the landscape changes were the highest and areas where the changes were hardly noticeable. The results show that when we take into account whole research area landscape changes are much more intense in the second of the analysed periods of time (2009 - 2014) (LCI=1,91) then in years 2004 - 2009 (LCI=0,71). The same analysis was done for each part of municipalities located within the Park. This made it possible to determine which part of the park is the most threatened by spatial transformations. In this context, it should be emphasized that the highest rates of landscape changes were recorded in the municipalities where the largest new residential area was located – in the municipalities Sobótka and Łagiewniki. Whereas municipality Dzierżoniów with a high percentage of forests inside the Park and unchanging area of arable land have the lowest landscape change index.
Piotr Krajewski; Iga Solecka; Barbara- Mastalska- Cetera. Landscape Change Index as a Tool for Spatial Analysis. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2017, 245, 072014 .
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski, Iga Solecka, Barbara- Mastalska- Cetera. Landscape Change Index as a Tool for Spatial Analysis. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017; 245 (7):072014.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski; Iga Solecka; Barbara- Mastalska- Cetera. 2017. "Landscape Change Index as a Tool for Spatial Analysis." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 245, no. 7: 072014.
W artykule przeanalizowano stan realizacji zapisów Europejskiej Konwencji Krajobrazowej w Polsce w kontekście obowiązku opracowania audytu krajobrazowego. Głównym celem badań było wykazanie, czy audyt krajobrazowy realizuje zalecenia zawarte w Konwencji ratyfikowanej przez Polskę w 2004 roku. Drugim celem była ocena możliwości wykorzystania metody wykonania audytu w skali pojedynczej gminy oraz określenia rekomendacji w zakresie gospodarowania wodą w krajobrazie. Aby zrealizować założone cele, przetestowano metodę wyznaczania krajobrazów priorytetowych, zawartą w projekcie rozporządzenia w sprawie audytu krajobrazowego na przykładzie gminy Kąty Wrocławskie, graniczącej bezpośrednio z Wrocławiem. Na tej podstawie wskazano podstawowe zalety i wady przyjętych rozwiązań.
Piotr Krajewski; Karol Mrozik. Landscape audit and implementation of European Landscape Convention in Poland on the example of selected suburban area of Wroclaw. Studia i Prace WNEiZ 2017, 47, 207 -218.
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski, Karol Mrozik. Landscape audit and implementation of European Landscape Convention in Poland on the example of selected suburban area of Wroclaw. Studia i Prace WNEiZ. 2017; 47 ():207-218.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski; Karol Mrozik. 2017. "Landscape audit and implementation of European Landscape Convention in Poland on the example of selected suburban area of Wroclaw." Studia i Prace WNEiZ 47, no. : 207-218.
Piotr Krajewski; Aleksandra Jankowska. Wpływ utworzenia Parku Krajobrazowego „Dolina Bystrzycy” na zagospodarowanie przestrzenne. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu 2015, 1 .
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski, Aleksandra Jankowska. Wpływ utworzenia Parku Krajobrazowego „Dolina Bystrzycy” na zagospodarowanie przestrzenne. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu. 2015; (408):1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski; Aleksandra Jankowska. 2015. "Wpływ utworzenia Parku Krajobrazowego „Dolina Bystrzycy” na zagospodarowanie przestrzenne." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu , no. 408: 1.
Piotr Krajewski; Barbara Mastalska-Cetera. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM WITHIN OWL MOUNTAINS LANDSCAPE PARK IN THE LIGHT OF MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES. Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki 2015, 30, 165 -181.
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski, Barbara Mastalska-Cetera. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM WITHIN OWL MOUNTAINS LANDSCAPE PARK IN THE LIGHT OF MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES. Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki. 2015; 30 ():165-181.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski; Barbara Mastalska-Cetera. 2015. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM WITHIN OWL MOUNTAINS LANDSCAPE PARK IN THE LIGHT OF MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES." Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki 30, no. : 165-181.
Piotr Krajewski; Barbara Mastalska-Cetera. The Tourist Trails Development in the Protection Plans of the Lower Silesian Landscape Parks. Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki 2015, 32, 157 -168.
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski, Barbara Mastalska-Cetera. The Tourist Trails Development in the Protection Plans of the Lower Silesian Landscape Parks. Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki. 2015; 32 ():157-168.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski; Barbara Mastalska-Cetera. 2015. "The Tourist Trails Development in the Protection Plans of the Lower Silesian Landscape Parks." Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki 32, no. : 157-168.
Piotr Krajewski. Problemy planistyczne na terenach parków krajobrazowych w sąsiedztwie Wrocławia na przykładzie Ślężańskiego Parku Krajobrazowego. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu 2014, 1 .
AMA StylePiotr Krajewski. Problemy planistyczne na terenach parków krajobrazowych w sąsiedztwie Wrocławia na przykładzie Ślężańskiego Parku Krajobrazowego. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu. 2014; (367):1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Krajewski. 2014. "Problemy planistyczne na terenach parków krajobrazowych w sąsiedztwie Wrocławia na przykładzie Ślężańskiego Parku Krajobrazowego." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu , no. 367: 1.