Purpose: Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), predominantly basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), represents the most common malignancy among fair-skinned populations. While BCC is rarely fatal, SCC contributes significantly to NMSC-related mortality. This study aimed to investigate long-term trends in NMSC incidence and SCC mortality across 28 European countries from 1992 to 2021, focusing on regional, sex-specific, and age-related variations. Methods/patients: A longitudinal ecological analysis was conducted using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) for NMSC and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) for SCC were calculated based on the 2013 European Standard Population. Temporal trends were evaluated using joinpoint regression, and age–period–cohort (APC) models were employed to disentangle independent effects on SCC mortality. Results: Europe registered over 27 million NMSC cases between 1992 and 2021. Overall ASIRs slightly declined, although increasing incidence was observed in individuals under 45 in Central and Northern Europe. SCC accounted for more than 570,000 deaths, with overall ASMRs decreasing—particularly among women and younger men. However, mortality rose in men aged over 75, notably in Northern and Western Europe. APC analysis indicated elevated SCC mortality in cohorts born before 1940, with a notable reversal in Northern European males born after 1960, who exhibited increasing mortality. Period effects further confirmed a recent rise in SCC mortality among these populations. Conclusions: Although NMSC incidence appears to be stabilizing or declining in much of Europe, increasing trends in younger individuals and rising SCC mortality in older men—especially in Northern Europe—highlight the need for age- and region-specific prevention and screening strategies. Improved cancer registry harmonization remains essential for guiding effective public health interventions. Graphical

Background: Lipoid proteinosis (LP), also known as Urbach–Wiethe disease, is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis, caused by mutations in the ECM1 gene. This results in the deposition of periodic acid–Schiff (PAS)-positive, hyaline-like material on the skin, mucosae and internal organs. Objectives: To present a case report of LP and a systematic review to synthesize the scientific literature on the management of this uncommon and frequently missed diagnosis. Methods: We present a case report of a 48-year-old man with LP who exhibited significant improvement after oral acitretin therapy. To address the lack of large case–control studies on LP treatment, we performed a systematic review of the literature following the PRISMA 2020 criteria. The search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scopus databases from inception until June 2023. To assess the methodological quality of case reports and case series, we used the Joanna Briggs Collaboration critical appraisal tool. Results: We included 25 studies that met eligibility criteria. Data from 44 patients with a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis were analysed. Treatment ranged from systemic therapies (acitretin, etretinate, dimethyl sulfoxide, corticosteroids, penicillamine) to surgical or laser procedures. Regarding methodological quality, the main discrepancies arose in the reporting of participant characteristics and treatment interventions. Conclusions: Low-dose oral acitretin could have potential in managing LP, exhibiting fewer side-effects compared with other therapeutic agents. Further research is needed to establish more comprehensive and evidence-based treatment guidelines.

Background: Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, causing 58 000 deaths globally in 2022. While incidence rates are rising, mortality trends vary globally, especially in Europe. Objectives: To analyse melanoma mortality trends across 28 European countries from 1992 to 2021, focusing on sex and specific age groups (< 45, 45–74 and ≥ 75 years). Methods: A longitudinal ecological study was conducted, using melanoma mortality data from the Global Burden of Disease database (1992–2021). Data from 28 European countries were categorized into four regions. We stratified mortality data by age and sex, calculating age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) using the 2013 European Standard Population. Joinpoint regression identified trend changes, analysing the independent effects of age, period and cohort factors. Results: Mortality rates varied significantly by country, sex and age. Patients aged > 75 years accounted for increased ASMRs until 2015, while younger patients’ mortality rates have declined since the 1990s. Notably, ASMRs for those aged > 75 years have stabilized or decreased in recent years. ASMRs rose for both male and female patients across all cohorts born up to the 1950s and 1960s, levelling off afterwards. However, recent cohorts in Central and Eastern Europe, along with men in Northern Europe, show an upward trend. Conclusions: This study highlights the complexity of melanoma mortality trends and the significant impacts of age and sex. The observed increases in Central and Eastern Europe and among male patients in Northern Europe necessitate continued monitoring and adaptive strategies to address potential mortality rate increases in these demographic groups.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a widespread, chronic inflammatory skin condition with substantial global impact. While regional studies have explored its prevalence in Spain, comprehensive national data detailing AD prevalence across various sociodemographic groups remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the 2023 prevalence of AD in Spain and explore disparities across key sociodemographic groups. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using Spain’s National Health System Primary Care Clinical Database (BDCAP). We identified AD cases via ICPC code S87. We calculated crude and age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPRs) and rate ratios, stratified by sex, age, country of origin, municipality size, income, and employment status. The 2013 European Standard Population was used for age standardization. Results: In 2023, an estimated 2,706,675 individuals in Spain were living with AD, with women (1,451,216 cases) experiencing a higher burden than men (1,255,459 cases), and also presenting with a higher mean age (27.23 years vs. 22.96 years for men). Urban living showed a clear dose–response relationship with AD prevalence. In cities with over 500,000 inhabitants, ASPRs reached 7.74% in men and 8.52% in women; significantly higher than in rural areas, where rates were 5.66% and 6.57%, respectively. Individuals in the middle-income bracket (€18,000–€99,999) consistently exhibited the highest prevalence, and the non-active employment group also demonstrated an elevated risk (ASPRs: 6.51% for men, 7.28% for women). Finally, Spanish-born individuals generally had higher AD prevalence compared to most foreign-born populations. Conclusions: Atopic dermatitis in Spain displays significant sociodemographic disparities, with urban environments, female sex, and non-active employment status emerging as key risk factors. These findings underscore the importance of targeted public health interventions and equity-focused dermatological planning.