Introduction Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP) is the most common cause of shoulder pain. Currently, exercise is proposed as the first-line treatment for patients suffering from RCRSP. However, adherence to therapeutic exercise programmes can be poor in the long term in a home setting. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of adding video animations to a traditional paper-based exercise programme. Methods and analysis A single-centre, randomised, open-labelled clinical trial will be conducted in a hospital in Spain. Adults aged between 18 and 80 years diagnosed with RCRSP who meet the eligibility criteria will be included. Patients (n=132) will be randomised into two groups, with both receiving paper-based exercises, and the experimental group will also be provided with video animations. The participants will receive seven face-to-face physical therapy sessions and will be asked to perform the exercises at home for 6 months. The primary outcome measure will be the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, measured at baseline, 3 weeks, 3 months (primary analysis) and 6 months. Secondary outcomes will be the patient’s pain intensity during the last week (rest, during movement and at night); expectations of improvement; satisfaction with treatment; impression of improvement; perceived usability, usefulness and satisfaction of multimedia animations; and adherence to exercises. Generalised least squares regression models with an autoregressive-moving average lag one correlation structure will be implemented, with an intention-to-treat analysis. Ethics and dissemination This study has been approved by the ethics committee of Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón (Madrid, Spain), reference number CI18/16. All participants will sign an informed consent. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05770908.

Background/Objectives: In the shoulder region, shear wave elastography (SWE) has been used to obtain data from multiple muscles. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding normative values for the supraspinatus muscle. The aim of this study is to estimate the range of normative values and to evaluate the relationship between SWE measurements and isometric strength. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 46 healthy subjects was conducted. Data regarding the SWE of supraspinatus muscle at rest and during contraction and isometric elevation strength were collected. Ordinal cumulative probability models were implemented to calculate normative values based on age and sex. Results: There was a significant increase in muscle stiffness from rest to contraction (3.97; 95% CI, 3.52 to 4.43), but there were no differences between males and females. The ordinal regression models showed a relationship between age and SWE at rest (coefficient, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.14), but not during contraction, and there was no significant age–sex interaction. Normative values of the median and 25th and 75th percentiles were provided based on individuals’ age and sex. There was no correlation between SWE measurements and strength values. Conclusions: Normative values for supraspinatus muscle SWE measurements at rest and during contraction were obtained. These data can help clinicians to interpret measurements of their patients with shoulder disorders.

Background: Exercise therapy is essential in managing rotator cuff-related shoulder pain. Multimedia tools may enhance adherence and engagement, but their added value over traditional materials remains uncertain. Objective: To compare an exercise program delivered through paper-based materials with or without addition of multimedia animations in individuals with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain. Method: A single-center open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted in [Blinded] between April 2023 and December 2024 Patients with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain were included. Both groups received seven face-to-face exercise sessions with a physical therapist and were randomized into receiving or not multimedia animations. The main outcome measure was Shoulder Pain and Disability Index at 6-week follow-up. Other outcomes were pain intensity (rest, during movement and at night), patients’ satisfaction, perceived improvement and expectations and patients’ adherence to the exercise program. Furthermore, patients’ perceived usability, usefulness and satisfaction with multimedia animations were also measured. Subjects were followed for 24 weeks. Adequate multilevel regression models were implemented. Results: A total of 154 subjects were included (80 in the control group and 74 in the experimental group). Both groups improved over time, but there were no significant between-group differences regarding Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, pain intensity, patients’ satisfaction, perceived improvement or expectations. Subjects showed a decrease in adherence to exercise over time, without significant between-group differences. Conclusions: The implementation of multimedia animations may not provide additional benefits when a well-designed paper-based program and therapist support are already established.