This study aimed to design a program for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption behaviors among preschool children based on a domestic social support framework, with the goal of increasing their fruit and vegetable intake. This quasi-experimental study involved a set sample of preschool children and their caregivers who were randomly selected based on specific inclusion criteria. The study included 96 pairs of preschool-aged children and their caregivers, divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the program, while the control group continued with their regular activities. The program development drew inspiration from the caregiving practices in Muang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat. The assessment tools included a preschooler’s eating behavior evaluation and a knowledge test for caregivers regarding children’s fruit and vegetable consumption and the ways to enhance it. Furthermore, experts approved the fruit and vegetable eating behavior assessment among the preschoolers, and a handbook for nurses and primary caregivers affirmed their suitability within the caregiver support framework. The developmental findings suggested that a 10-week program was appropriate and showed a promise in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among the preschoolers. The findings, notably in the experimental group, demonstrate that caregivers should increase their knowledge of, and exhibit behavioral support in, fruit and vegetable consumption among preschoolers, and that this will eventually reflect a positive impact on preschoolers’ dietary habits.

This research objective was to develop a promoting vegetable and fruit consumption behaviors program among preschool children based on 4 aspects of House’s social support framework to increase fruit and vegetable consumption in preschool the program. This study was quasi-experimental. The sample consisted of preschool children and their caregivers who were randomly selected based on the inclusion criteria. The experimental and control groups had 96 pairs of preschool-aged children and their caregivers. The experimental group was given the program, while the control group was to resume normal activities. The program development was based on the caring lifestyle of caregivers in Muang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. The tools consisted of a preschool care eating behavior assessment and a caregiver knowledge test about the child's fruit and vegetable intake and how to modify the child's fruit and vegetable intake. In addition, fruit and vegetable eating behaviors in preschoolers and a handbook for nurses and primary caregivers were approved by five experts and deemed suitable for the caregiver support framework. The results of the development indicated that a 10-week program was appropriate and tended to increase preschoolers' consumption of fruits and vegetables. In especially experimental group both caregivers increasingly gained knowledge and behavior of caregivers to promote fruit and vegetable eating behavior and preschool increasing the fruit and vegetable consumption.

This retrospective study examined the associations between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG), and perinatal outcomes among women with singleton pregnancies delivering at a general hospital in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand. Secondary data were retrieved from the HosXP electronic medical database and delivery records. Of 4659 eligible delivery records, 4051 women met the study criteria and were included in the analysis. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The incidences of preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants, and below-optimal head circumference (HC) were 6.99%, 18.22%, and 42.85%, respectively. Maternal underweight before pregnancy was significantly associated with increased odds of preterm birth (aOR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.21–2.12), SGA (aOR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.44–2.24), and below-optimal HC (aOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.18–1.76). Inadequate GWG was also associated with higher odds of SGA (aOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.38–2.00) and below-optimal HC (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11–1.49). Conversely, maternal overweight/obesity and excessive GWG were associated with lower odds of SGA and below-optimal HC. These findings indicate that pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG were independently associated with adverse perinatal outcomes among Thai women with singleton pregnancies and may provide context-specific evidence to support maternal nutritional assessment and gestational weight monitoring during antenatal care.

Background/Objectives: Malnutrition is a major concern among bedridden older adults because functional limitations and dependence on others may compromise adequate nutritional intake. This study aimed to identify factors associated with malnutrition among bedridden older adults in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study used secondary data from 210 bedridden older adults. Nutritional status was assessed using the 18-item Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA^®). Because only two participants had normal nutritional status, they were excluded from the regression analysis due to the insufficient number of observations in this category. The analytical sample therefore comprised 208 participants, and nutritional status was analyzed as a binary outcome: at risk of malnutrition or malnutrition. Demographic, functional, anthropometric, oral health, and dietary factors were examined. Group differences were assessed using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with malnutrition. Results: Among the 208 participants included in the analysis, 40 (19.23%) were at risk of malnutrition and 168 (80.77%) were malnourished. These proportions refer to the analytical sample after exclusion of the two participants with normal nutritional status and do not represent the prevalence of malnutrition in the original sample. In the multivariable analysis, female sex was associated with higher odds of malnutrition (AOR = 2.302, 95% CI: 1.011–5.238, p = 0.047), while greater waist circumference was associated with lower odds of malnutrition (AOR = 0.948, 95% CI: 0.921–0.976, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Sex and waist circumference were independently associated with malnutrition among bedridden older adults with compromised nutritional status. Given the cross-sectional design, these associations should not be interpreted as causal or protective. The findings support nutritional assessment and anthropometric monitoring as part of caregiver-supported care.

COVID-19 has significantly disrupted global life, leading to high infection rates, considerable mortality, and economic hardships. Mitigation efforts depended on vaccination, preventive behaviors, and lifestyle changes, emphasizing the importance of understanding what influences public compliance. This study investigated COVID-19 preventive behaviors within the Thai Muslim community in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand, and developed a protection model based on the World Health Organization's framework. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, 233 participants from eight villages completed a questionnaire adapted from CDC guidelines. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (Smart PLS-SEM). Results demonstrated strong reliability (CR > 0.80) despite moderate AVE values (0.314–0.491); HTMT supported discriminant validity. Key predictors of compliance included community nutrition (β = 0.435, p < 0.001) and public trust (β = 0.332, p = 0.001). Additionally, the first service had a significant influence on social support (β = 0.638, p < 0.001), which subsequently affected nutritional status (β = 0.401, p < 0.001). The model explained a moderate amount of variance (R² = 0.232–0.494), showed acceptable fit (SRMR = 0.089), and demonstrated predictive validity (Q² > 0). Overall, findings emphasize the vital roles of nutrition and trust, mediated through services and social support, in encouraging compliance with health protocols.

Workplace violence (WPV) is a major occupational hazard for nurses in Thailand, negatively affecting psychological well-being, professional confidence, and patient care. In this quantitative cross-sectional analytic study involving 415 nurses, 43.61% reported experiencing at least one incident of WPV during the previous 12 months. Verbal abuse (41.20%) and physical violence (13.25%) were the most frequently reported forms, with a higher prevalence observed in urban hospitals than in rural hospitals (53.66% vs. 33.81%). Higher WPV risk was associated with working in medical wards (adjusted incidence rate ratio [Adj IRR] 3.33) and emergency departments (Adj IRR 2.47), caring for male-only patients (Adj IRR 1.87), younger age (Adj IRR 3.31), divorced or separated status (Adj IRR 3.05), rotating day and night shifts (Adj IRR 2.03), and extreme concern about WPV (Adj IRR 4.57). The psychological impact was considerable. Hypervigilance was the most common response (66.30%), especially following physical violence (76.36%). More than 41% of affected nurses reported intentions to resign or transfer and reduced professional confidence. Reporting incidents was often perceived as ineffective, contributing to underreporting. Nurses identified clear disciplinary measures, increased staffing, improved workplace environments, stronger security systems, and organizational support as key prevention priorities. These findings highlight the urgent need for context-specific interventions, targeted staff training, and organizational strategies to protect nurse well-being, strengthen workforce resilience, and maintain quality patient care.