Monitoring the transboundary spread of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus is an essential part of the global efforts towards the eradication of PPR by 2030. There is growing evidence that Lineage IV is becoming the predominant viral lineage, replacing Lineage I and II in West Africa. As part of a regional investigation, samples collected in Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea and Ghana were screened for the presence of PPRV. A segment of the nucleoprotein gene from positive samples was sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis revealed the co-circulation of Lineage II and IV in Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire and Guinea, and the identification of Lineage IV in Ghana. These data will be of importance to local and regional authorities involved in the management of PPRV spread.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly devastating disease of domestic pigs caused by the ASF virus (ASFV). Historically, only ASFV Genotype I was known to circulate in West Africa. However, Genotype II has recently emerged in Nigeria, Ghana, and Benin for the first time. Between 2017 and 2023, suspected ASF outbreaks were reported in Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria, and Mali. The source, extent, and spread of these ASF outbreaks remain unknown. Samples collected from 2017 to 2023 were analyzed using real-time qPCR and characterized using five ASFV gene segments: partial gene of the B464L (p72), full length E183L (p54), central variable region (CVR) within B602L, EP402R (CD2v), and intergenic region (IGR) between I73R and I329L genes. ASF was confirmed in 12 Nigerian states and in seven, eight, and two provinces of Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, and Mali, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of B646L (p72), E183 (p54), and CD2v genes of ASFV revealed that Genotype I, Serogroup 4, caused the initial outbreaks in these countries, followed by Genotype II, Serogroup 8. CVR profile analysis showed ASFV Genotype I with different variants, while Genotype II presented only one CVR variant. This is the first report of ASFV Genotype II in Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, and Mali. The introduction of ASFV Genotype II and its co-circulation with Genotype I in pig populations in these West African countries threatens food security and complicates control measures. Therefore, increased surveillance at international ports of entry, restrictions on live pig movements within the countries, and improved farm-level biosecurity measures are needed to control the further spread of the disease.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly devastating disease of domestic pigs caused by the ASF virus (ASFV). Historically, only ASFV Genotype I was known to circulate in West Africa. However, Genotype II has recently emerged in Nigeria, Ghana, and Benin for the first time. Between 2017 and 2023, suspected ASF outbreaks were reported in Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria, and Mali. The source, extent, and spread of these ASF outbreaks remain unknown. Samples collected from 2017 to 2023 were analyzed using real‐time qPCR and characterized using five ASFV gene segments: partial gene of the B464L (p72), full length E183L (p54), central variable region (CVR) within B602L, EP402R (CD2v), and intergenic region (IGR) between I73R and I329L genes. ASF was confirmed in 12 Nigerian states and in seven, eight, and two provinces of Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, and Mali, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of B646L (p72), E183 (p54), and CD2v genes of ASFV revealed that Genotype I, Serogroup 4, caused the initial outbreaks in these countries, followed by Genotype II, Serogroup 8. CVR profile analysis showed ASFV Genotype I with different variants, while Genotype II presented only one CVR variant. This is the first report of ASFV Genotype II in Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, and Mali. The introduction of ASFV Genotype II and its co‐circulation with Genotype I in pig populations in these West African countries threatens food security and complicates control measures. Therefore, increased surveillance at international ports of entry, restrictions on live pig movements within the countries, and improved farm‐level biosecurity measures are needed to control the further spread of the disease.

Objective Rabies is a zoonotic disease transmissible to humans mainly by dogs. It is a vaccine preventable disease. In Ivory Coast, canine rabies is a prioritary and notifiable animal disease since 1962. Evaluation of post-vaccination immunity against rabies was undertaken between 2003 and 2009 by an immunoenzymatic test Platelia Rabies II ELISA Kits (Bio-Rad). We aim to investigate anti Rabies vaccination efficacy in Ivory Coast, using data obtained purposely for antibody quantification prior to international movement of pets. Results A total of 527 dogs and cats sera were analyzed. Generally cats had developed higher level of post vaccinal immunity than dogs. We have found that more than 95.80% (114/119) of cats had a serum with antibodies titer above 0.5 EU /ml so like 74.75% (n = 305) of dogs. Undetectable or insufficient level of seroconversion was noted either in the canine specie (25.25%) or in cats (4.2%). Multivaccined Dogs, older than 4 years, represented the most important group (62.25%) of seronegative dog population. Associated with vaccination, serological results were used as data based-evidence in compliance with official requirements governing free movements of pets from rabies-infected to rabies-free european countries. Keywords : Ivory Coast, Rabies, ELISA, post-vaccinal immunity, dogs, cats

In Côte d’Ivoire, malaria remains a major public health concern due to its persistent and high transmission. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium species and associated risk factors among 179 patients in Daloa. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Regional Center for Mutuality and Social Welfare in the School Environment (CREMOSS) of Daloa. Malaria diagnosis was performed using both microscopy and molecular biology techniques (PCR). The prevalence of malaria was 37.98% by microscopy compared with 54.18% by PCR, highlighting an underestimation of infections by conventional diagnostic methods. Plasmodium falciparum was the predominant species; however, other species such as P. ovale , P. malariae , and P. vivax were also detected, including mixed infections. Children aged 6 to 15 years showed the highest prevalence, with a significantly greater risk of infection compared to adults (OR = 2.19; p = 0.029). The non-use of insecticide-treated bed nets was associated with an increased risk of infection, while fever appeared to be a strong predictive factor for malaria (OR = 4.83; p < 0.001). These findings confirm the high circulation of malaria in the study area and emphasize the importance of molecular tools in improving the detection of submicroscopic infections and non-falciparum species. They also highlight the need to strengthen prevention and surveillance strategies, particularly targeting school-aged children in malaria-endemic areas.