This paper presents the design, simulation, fabrication, assembly, and testing of a miniature thermo-pneumatic optofluidic lens. The device comprises two separate zones for air heating and fluid pressing on a flexible membrane. A buried three-dimensional spiral microchannel connects the two zones without pumps or valves. The three-dimensional microfluidic structure is realized using a high-resolution three-dimensional printing technique. Multi-physics finite element simulations are introduced to assess the optimized air chamber design and the low-temperature gradient of the optical liquid. The tunable lens can be operated using a direct-current power supply. The temperature change with time is measured using an infrared thermal imager. The focal length ranges from 5 to 23 mm under a maximum voltage of 6 V. Because of the small size and robust actuation scheme, the device can potentially be integrated into miniature micro-optics devices for the fine-tuning of focal lengths.

Fiber-integrated devices give THz applications advanced characteristics of connection with low insert loss, resistance on water vapor absorption, and flexible optical path adjustments. In this paper, an antiresonant fiber (ARF) structure with metasurfaced fiber core was proposed for polarization-dependent THz wave modulation, and the introduction of metasurface on the fiber core makes ARF have a high extinction with the modulation light and a low loss with the transmission light. Constructed by the metasurface coated low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film, the cladding tubes of the ARF were then sealed in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) shrinkable tube, forming the metasurfaced-core ARF. For the 1-THz wave, a 4-mm core-diameter ARF demonstrated a simulated loss of 0.18 dB for the transmission polarized light, whereas the absorption polarized loss exceeded 100 dB/m. A reasonable fabrication processing was proposed based on the method of “thin-film to optical fiber,” and a metasurfaced-core ARF sample with a core diameter of 4 mm and a length of 16 cm was fabricated. Measured with THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), the 16.cm length fiber sample showed a light transmission band at approximately the designed 1 THz and a strong polarization-dependent filtering capability with an approximately 7-dB difference in power spectral density.

Three-dimensional holographic imaging technology is increasingly applied in biomedical detection, materials science, and industrial non-destructive testing. Achieving high-resolution, large-field-of-view, and high-speed three-dimensional imaging has become a significant challenge. This paper proposes and implements a three-dimensional holographic imaging method based on trillion-frame-frequency all-optical multiplexing. This approach combines spatial and temporal multiplexing to achieve multi-channel partitioned acquisition of the light field via a two-dimensional diffraction grating, significantly enhancing the system’s imaging efficiency and dynamic range. The paper systematically derives the theoretical foundation of holographic imaging, establishes a numerical reconstruction model based on angular spectrum propagation, and introduces iterative phase recovery and image post-processing strategies to optimize reproduction quality. Experiments using standard resolution plates and static particle fields validate the proposed method’s imaging performance under static conditions. Results demonstrate high-fidelity reconstruction approaching diffraction limits, with post-processing further enhancing image sharpness and signal-to-noise ratio. This research establishes theoretical and experimental foundations for subsequent dynamic holographic imaging and observation of large-scale complex targets.