During investigations in the Fujian and Hunan Provinces of China, 5 parasitoids associated with Parlatoria ziziphi were identified based on morphological characteristics and 28SrDNA sequences. They comprised 4 ectoparasitoids: A. chrysomphali (Mercet), Aphytis jinshanensis Wang & Huang, sp.n., Aphytis nigromaculata Wang & Huang, sp.n., and A. nr. melinus DeBach, and 1 endoparasitoid, Encarsia citrina (Craw). The 2 new species are described and illustrated in detail, and the relationships of the 4 Aphytis parasitoids treated here are analyzed, resulting in a phylogenetic tree based on 28SrDNA sequences. Moreover, the 5 Aphytis species (including 1 new species described in this work) having the mid-tibia tipped with black in the male are summarized with their scale hosts and distribution, and an identification key to these species is provided.

The genus Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) comprises ectoparasitoids of scale insects and includes many species of biological control importance. The proclia group is a major lineage within this genus, with seven species recorded in China, along with two morphologically closely related species. Based on specimens collected from Fuzhou, Fujian Province, we identified four species: A. hispanicus (Mercet), A. pinnaspidis Rosen & DeBach, and two new species, A. latarcuatus Wang & Huang, sp. n. and A. denticulatus Wang & Huang, sp. n. The two new species are described and illustrated, and host associations and distribution records for all four species are summarized. A complete checklist and a morphological key for the 11 Chinese species of the proclia group and its morphologically similar species are provided. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on partial COI and 28S rDNA sequences support the delimitation of the two new species and reveal a distinct lineage comprising A. pinnaspidis and the two new species which are excluded from the proclia group. This study presents the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of Chinese members of the proclia group and its allied species and highlights the value of integrating morphological and molecular evidence in species group-level taxonomy.