Introduction: There are over 43,000 occupational therapists across the United Kingdom, with mental health occupational therapists being acknowledged as a main workforce of OT services. However, staff shortages are occurring, and urgent action is needed to retain this important workforce. Methods: The systematic literature search was conducted in the CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus databases to identify research literature published since 2008. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, a narrative synthesis was utilized. Results: A total of 20 studies (21 papers) were included in the review. Five thematic factors – well-being at work, organizational work environment factors, job resources, supervision and staffing, along with various subtheme factors emerged from the synthesis. The findings suggest that retaining mental health occupational therapists is a complex issue, affected by many factors. The study emphasizes the triangular relationship among three aspects of well-being (job satisfaction, professional identity and burnout) at work and introduces the concept of a ’Retention Ecosystem’. This illustrates how subtheme factors interconnect and influence the retention of mental health occupational therapists. Conclusion: The retention of mental health occupational therapists is revealed to be a multifaceted challenge. There is a need for developing more targeted, meaningful and holistic strategies for retaining the current mental health occupational therapist workforce.

Cushing’s syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs and is typically managed with long-term medical treatment. Several pharmacological agents are available: trilostane, mitotane, ketoconazole, cabergoline, selegiline, and aminoglutethimide, but their comparative effects on survival remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the impact of these agents on survival outcomes in dogs with naturally occurring diseases. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, and the Cochrane Library was conducted between 1 September 2024 to 3 January 2025. Eligible studies included dogs diagnosed with Cushing’s syndrome that reported survival outcomes for at least one of the specified treatments. Five studies (n = 295 dogs) met the inclusion criteria, with trilostane and mitotane providing sufficient data for meta-analysis. Pooled mean difference in survival time across four studies was 85.1 days (95% CI: −255.9 to 85.7, p = 0.21) with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 89%), indicating no statistically significant difference between the drugs. In contrast, pooled survival rates at fixed intervals favored trilostane, with an 11% higher survival at 36 months (p = 0.005) and no heterogeneity observed (I² = 0%). These findings suggest trilostane may offer long-term survival benefits over mitotane.

Background: The demographic landscape of Western countries has shifted to a more diverse one. Along with the trend of an aging population, a new problem has emerged, which is the increased linguistic diversity in the aging population in these countries. As people age and their care needs increase, they may not receive optimal care if they don’t speak the same language as their caregivers in long-term care facilities. Culturally and linguistically responsive long-term care services are important to ensure the best care for an aging population, but there is limited evidence in the literature on the scope and practice of these services. The objective of this scoping review is to map out the types of CLR programs in LTC settings and examine their core components and target populations. Methods: The Arksey and O’Malley framework, further developed by Levac and colleagues, will be employed in this scoping review. The research question was framed using the PCC framework. A comprehensive systematic search was developed with an experienced librarian and will be conducted in Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, and Academic Search Complete. All primary study designs, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods, will be included. Studies must focus on culturally and linguistically responsive care programs used or implemented in long-term care services. There will be no date or language limitations. Findings will be thematically synthesized to answer the research question. Conclusion: This review protocol provides a transparent process for how it will be conducted. We aim to contribute to a better understanding of what culturally and linguistically responsive care programs exist, how cultural and linguistic responsiveness is currently addressed across diverse care environments, and what gaps remain in long-term care.

Background: Online child sexual abuse and exploitation have become a global issue affecting the health and well-being of children and adolescents. Unlike traditional forms of sexual abuse and exploitation, online sexual abuse presents unique challenges due to the complexity of the situations involved. Parents play a crucial role as the first line of defense in preventing these incidents, yet the barriers they encounter have not been thoroughly explored. Objective: The objective of the systematic review is to identify the challenges parents face in preventing online child sexual abuse, to explore the factors that contribute to those challenges, and to highlight gaps in knowledge and practice regarding how to best support them. Methods: A comprehensive search will be conducted in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), HealthSTAR (Ovid), Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Scopus (Elsevier), and the Cochrane Library (Wiley). The strategy will be developed with a research librarian. Regarding inclusion criteria, this review will include primary research studies (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods) that examine the perspectives of parents or primary caregivers of children and adolescents on online child sexual exploitation and abuse (OCSEA) prevention. Studies must focus on parental attitudes, fears, perceptions, or challenges related to OCSEA. Only studies published in English from 2018 onward will be considered. Studies that do not report on parental perspectives will be excluded. Two reviewers will independently screen studies and extract data, with conflicts resolved by a third reviewer. Findings will be narratively synthesized, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework. Results: The search strategy has been developed in collaboration with a health sciences librarian and followed PRISMA-Search guidelines. Database searches, screening, and analysis are planned to commence in August, 2025. The findings of the review are anticipated to be ready by Febuary 2026 and will be presented following the PRISMA reporting standards. Conclusions: This protocol aims to structure a comprehensive and transparent process for a systematic review, which is expected to contribute to a better understanding of parental challenges in preventing OCSEA and provide insights into the types of supportive resources they need to combat OCSEA. This information will contribute to the development of comprehensive strategies that equip parents with the knowledge and tools necessary to effectively safeguard their children in the digital landscape.

Aim: The aim of this concept analysis paper is to explore the concept of stigma towards hospitalised older adults and propose a clear definition to understand this phenomenon.Design and Review Method: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis method was used to evaluate the concept of stigma towards hospitalised older adults by identifying attributes, antecedents, and consequences.Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted using CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Seventeen research articles from 1963 to 2025 were identified as directly related to the concept of stigma towards hospitalised older adults.Results: Discrimination based on age, discriminatory practices, and negative stereotypes were the common attributes highlighted in research studies. The primary antecedent of stigma in hospitalised older adults is a social stigma which leads to stigmatised attitudes and practices towards older adults admitted into hospital. Inequalities in the hospital environment and lack of motivation are consequences that may provoke a stigmatised demeanour towards older patients in hospitals.Conclusion: A clear understanding of stigma in the context of hospitalised older adults will guide the development of a conceptual framework and improve the healthcare professionals' care approach towards older adults in the hospital setting.