Background and Objectives: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) significantly contribute to global rates of UTI. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and trends of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales and CRE in patients with CAUTIs and non-CAUTIs. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 4262 UTI-positive urine cultures was conducted at King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia (January 2022–November 2023). Demographic, clinical, and microbiological data were obtained from hospital records. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the Vitek^® System; ESBL and CRE were identified using Ezy MIC™ strips and Xpert^® Carba-R assay, respectively. Results: ESBL-producing Enterobacterales accounted for 11.3% of cases; CRE comprised 1.8%. ESBL was significantly more prevalent in non-catheterized patients and those in emergency care. CRE was significantly associated with catheterized patients and inpatient settings. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the predominant ESBL-producing and CRE isolates, respectively. bla-OXA-48 was the most frequently detected carbapenemase gene (66.7%). ESBL was prevalent in younger, non-catheterized females, suggesting increasing community transmission. Conversely, CRE were primarily observed in older, catheterized inpatients, emphasizing the role of invasive devices in resistance spread. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of targeted infection control and early catheter removal to mitigate resistance trends.

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has emerged as a transformative diagnostic tool in cardiac arrest management, particularly for non-trauma cases, offering clinicians real-time, dynamic imaging to guide resuscitation efforts. As with any relatively new area of study, previous research on POCUS is limited, and there is a lot of heterogeneity in studies’ methods, outcomes, and practice contexts. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of POCUS in both identifying the cause of non-traumatic cardiac arrest and improving patient outcomes during treatment. A comprehensive search of multiple databases from January 2010 toDecember 2023 identified studies meeting rigorous inclusion criteria, focusing on adult patients and assessing outcomes such as return of spontaneous circulation, survival rates, and diagnostic accuracy. To support the high quality of the analysis, the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2 tool and the Cochrane risk of bias tool were employed. Pooled analysis was undertaken using RevMan with relative risks for mortality, while the clinical setting formed the basis of the subgroup analysis. The research presented suggested that POCUS can help identify treatable causes of cardiac arrest, such as tamponade, pulmonary embolism, and hypovolemic shock, which can positively impact the chances of successful resuscitation and guide treatment during cardiopulmonaryresuscitation. Nevertheless, unlike routine diagnostics, POCUS has high diagnostic precision and therapeutic application, but still has several drawbacks: operator-dependency and unpredictable protocols. This review further emphasized the relevance of POCUS in enhancing the outcome of cardiac arrest about which prescribes a need for more national protocols with a view to enhancing its implementation.