In emergencies, the maternal and child populations face increased risk of morbidity and mortality, often exacerbated by malnutrition. Breastfeeding, adequate complementary feeding, and appropriate prenatal care can mitigate these risks. This descriptive cross-sectional study compared data collected before and after Hurricane John related to maternal, infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and the nutritional status of pregnant women and children under two years of age. Data were collected in December 2024 from the two provinces most affected in Guerrero, Mexico. Surveys were completed for 239 children through caregivers and 76 pregnant women, alongside anthropometric assessments. After the disaster, findings showed a significant decline in breastfeeding among 0–6-month-olds (88.7% to 71.1%) and an increase in dietary diversity in complementary feeding (3.6 ± 2.1 vs. 4.5 ± 1.5 food groups). Malnutrition, based on weight-for-length z-scores, was observed in 4.8% of children aged 0–6 months and 2.6% of those aged 6–24 months. According to mid-upper arm circumference, 8.4% of children aged 0–6 months presented malnutrition. Among pregnant women, based on body mass index, 41.5% had excessive pre-pregnancy weight, while 12.3% were underweight. These findings underscore the urgent need to integrate maternal and child nutrition into emergency preparedness and response strategies to protect vulnerable populations in Mexico.

Background/Objectives: Infant acute malnutrition increases the risk of morbidity and mortality but also has adverse effects on growth, cognitive development, and quality of life. Ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs) represent the standard treatment in moderate (MAM) or severe acute malnutrition (SAM) cases, but acceptability and adherence in culturally diverse settings remain poorly understood. To evaluate the acceptability and adherence to RUTF treatment among children with MAM or SAM in rural and indigenous communities of three Mexican states. Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods study in Chihuahua, Guerrero, and Chiapas between February and August 2024. A total of 66 children aged 6–59 months with confirmed MAM or SAM diagnoses were enrolled, with 48 completing the study. Acceptability was assessed by weighing leftovers of the consumption RUTF sachet and using 5-point hedonic scales evaluating taste, texture, appearance, and smell. Adherence was measured by comparing consumed versus prescribed RUTF sachets. Semi-structured interviews with primary caregivers explored perceptions, barriers, and facilitators of RUTF use. Results: Consumption-based acceptability was achieved by 85% of participants. On the 5-point hedonic scale, 77% of participants rated RUTF as pleasant or very pleasant. Overall treatment adherence was adequate (≥70%) in 79.2% of cases. Qualitative information revealed primary caregivers’ perceptions about weight gain and increased appetite as benefits. Conclusions: Since acceptability and adherence were adequate and a high score was obtained on the hedonic scale, which led to an improvement in the nutritional status of MAM or SAM cases, the feasibility and acceptability of RUTFs in highly vulnerable community contexts in Mexico was reaffirmed.