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Prof. Dr. Barry Borman
Director, Environmental Health Indicators Programme, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington 6140, New Zealand

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0 Epidemiology
0 Surveillance
0 birth defects
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Journal article
Published: 09 April 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Social vulnerability indicators are a valuable tool for understanding which population groups are more vulnerable to experiencing negative impacts from disasters, and where these groups live, to inform disaster risk management activities. While many approaches have been used to measure social vulnerability to natural hazards, there is no single method or universally agreed approach. This paper proposes a novel approach to developing social vulnerability indicators, using the example of flooding in Aotearoa New Zealand. A conceptual framework was developed to guide selection of the social vulnerability indicators, based on previous frameworks (including the MOVE framework), consideration of climate change, and a holistic view of health and wellbeing. Using this framework, ten dimensions relating to social vulnerability were identified: exposure; children; older adults; health and disability status; money to cope with crises/losses; social connectedness; knowledge, skills and awareness of natural hazards; safe, secure and healthy housing; food and water to cope with shortage; and decision making and participation. For each dimension, key indicators were identified and implemented, mostly using national Census population data. After development, the indicators were assessed by end users using a case study of Porirua City, New Zealand, then implemented for the whole of New Zealand. These indicators will provide useful data about social vulnerability to floods in New Zealand, and these methods could potentially be adapted for other jurisdictions and other natural hazards, including those relating to climate change.

ACS Style

Kylie Mason; Kirstin Lindberg; Carolin Haenfling; Allan Schori; Helene Marsters; Deborah Read; Barry Borman. Social Vulnerability Indicators for Flooding in Aotearoa New Zealand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 3952 .

AMA Style

Kylie Mason, Kirstin Lindberg, Carolin Haenfling, Allan Schori, Helene Marsters, Deborah Read, Barry Borman. Social Vulnerability Indicators for Flooding in Aotearoa New Zealand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (8):3952.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kylie Mason; Kirstin Lindberg; Carolin Haenfling; Allan Schori; Helene Marsters; Deborah Read; Barry Borman. 2021. "Social Vulnerability Indicators for Flooding in Aotearoa New Zealand." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8: 3952.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2018 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Developing environmental health indicators is challenging and applying a conceptual framework and indicator selection criteria may not be sufficient to prioritise potential indicators to monitor. This study developed a new approach for prioritising potential environmental health indicators, using the example of the indoor environment for New Zealand. A three-stage process of scoping, selection, and design was implemented. A set of potential indicators (including 4 exposure indicators and 20 health indicators) were initially identified and evaluated against indicator selection criteria. The health indicators were then further prioritised according to their public health impact and assessed by the five following sub-criteria: number of people affected (based on environmental burden of disease statistics); severity of health impact; whether vulnerable populations were affected and/or large inequalities were apparent; whether the indicator related to multiple environmental exposures; and policy relevance. Eight core indicators were ultimately selected, as follows: living in crowded households, second-hand smoke exposure, maternal smoking at two weeks post-natal, asthma prevalence, asthma hospitalisations, lower respiratory tract infection hospitalisations, meningococcal disease notifications, and sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI). Additionally, indicators on living in damp and mouldy housing and children’s injuries in the home, were identified as potential indicators, along with attributable burden indicators. Using public health impact criteria and an environmental burden of disease approach was valuable in prioritising and selecting the most important health impacts to monitor, using robust evidence and objective criteria.

ACS Style

Kylie Mason; Kirstin Lindberg; Deborah Read; Barry Borman. The Importance of Using Public Health Impact Criteria to Develop Environmental Health Indicators: The Example of the Indoor Environment in New Zealand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 1786 .

AMA Style

Kylie Mason, Kirstin Lindberg, Deborah Read, Barry Borman. The Importance of Using Public Health Impact Criteria to Develop Environmental Health Indicators: The Example of the Indoor Environment in New Zealand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (8):1786.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kylie Mason; Kirstin Lindberg; Deborah Read; Barry Borman. 2018. "The Importance of Using Public Health Impact Criteria to Develop Environmental Health Indicators: The Example of the Indoor Environment in New Zealand." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8: 1786.

Journal article
Published: 22 December 2015 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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An integrated environmental health impact assessment of road transport in New Zealand was carried out, using a rapid assessment. The disease and injury burden was assessed from traffic-related accidents, air pollution, noise and physical (in)activity, and impacts attributed back to modal source. In total, road transport was found to be responsible for 650 deaths in 2012 (2.1% of annual mortality): 308 from traffic accidents, 283 as a result of air pollution, and 59 from noise. Together with morbidity, these represent a total burden of disease of 26,610 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). An estimated 40 deaths and 1874 DALYs were avoided through active transport. Cars are responsible for about 52% of attributable deaths, but heavy goods vehicles (6% of vehicle kilometres travelled, vkt) accounted for 21% of deaths. Motorcycles (1 per cent of vkt) are implicated in nearly 8% of deaths. Overall, impacts of traffic-related air pollution and noise are low compared to other developed countries, but road accident rates are high. Results highlight the need for policies targeted at road accidents, and especially at heavy goods vehicles and motorcycles, along with more general action to reduce the reliance on private road transport. The study also provides a framework for national indicator development.

ACS Style

David Briggs; Kylie Mason; Barry Borman. Rapid Assessment of Environmental Health Impacts for Policy Support: The Example of Road Transport in New Zealand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2015, 13, 61 .

AMA Style

David Briggs, Kylie Mason, Barry Borman. Rapid Assessment of Environmental Health Impacts for Policy Support: The Example of Road Transport in New Zealand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 13 (1):61.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Briggs; Kylie Mason; Barry Borman. 2015. "Rapid Assessment of Environmental Health Impacts for Policy Support: The Example of Road Transport in New Zealand." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13, no. 1: 61.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2015 in International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
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Purpose To quantify serum concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and dioxin-like compounds in former phenoxy herbicide production plant workers and firefighters, 20 years after 2,4,5-T production ceased. Methods Of 1025 workers employed any time during 1969–1984, 430 were randomly selected and invited to take part in a morbidity survey and provide a blood sample; 244 (57 %) participated. Firefighters stationed in close proximity of the plant and/or engaged in call-outs to the plant between 1962 and 1987 also participated (39 of 70 invited). Reported here are the serum concentrations of TCDD and other chlorinated dibenzo-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Determinants of the serum concentrations were assessed using linear regression. Results The 60 men who had worked in the phenoxy/TCP production area had a mean TCDD serum concentration of 19.1 pg/g lipid, three times the mean concentration of the 141 men and 43 women employed in other parts of the plant (6.3 and 6.0 pg/g respectively), and more than 10 times the mean for the firefighters (1.6 pg/g). Duration of employment in phenoxy herbicide synthesis, maintenance work, and work as a boilerman, chemist, and packer were associated with increased serum concentrations of TCDD and 1,2,3,4,7-pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (PeCDD). Employment as a boilerman was also associated with elevated serum concentrations of PCBs. Conclusions Occupations in the plant associated with phenoxy herbicide synthesis had elevated levels of TCDD and PeCDD. Most other people working within the plant, and the local firefighters, had serum concentrations of dioxin-like compounds comparable to those of the general population.

ACS Style

Andrea ‘T Mannetje; Amanda Eng; Chris Walls; Evan Dryson; Dave McLean; Manolis Kogevinas; Jeff Fowles; Barry Borman; Patrick O’Connor; Soo Cheng; Collin Brooks; Allan H. Smith; Neil Pearce. Serum concentrations of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, furans and PCBs, among former phenoxy herbicide production workers and firefighters in New Zealand. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2015, 89, 307 -318.

AMA Style

Andrea ‘T Mannetje, Amanda Eng, Chris Walls, Evan Dryson, Dave McLean, Manolis Kogevinas, Jeff Fowles, Barry Borman, Patrick O’Connor, Soo Cheng, Collin Brooks, Allan H. Smith, Neil Pearce. Serum concentrations of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, furans and PCBs, among former phenoxy herbicide production workers and firefighters in New Zealand. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2015; 89 (2):307-318.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea ‘T Mannetje; Amanda Eng; Chris Walls; Evan Dryson; Dave McLean; Manolis Kogevinas; Jeff Fowles; Barry Borman; Patrick O’Connor; Soo Cheng; Collin Brooks; Allan H. Smith; Neil Pearce. 2015. "Serum concentrations of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, furans and PCBs, among former phenoxy herbicide production workers and firefighters in New Zealand." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 89, no. 2: 307-318.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2012 in Cancer Epidemiology
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Objective: There are substantial ethnic inequalities in stage at diagnosis and cervical cancer survival in New Zealand. We assessed what proportions of these differences were due to screening history (for the analyses of late stage diagnosis), stage at diagnosis (for the analyses of survival), comorbid conditions (for the analyses of survival), and travel time to the nearest General Practitioner and cancer centre. Methods: The study involved 1594 cervical cancer cases registered during 1994–2005. We used G-computation to assess the validity of the estimates obtained by standard logistic regression methods. Results: Māori women had a higher risk of late stage diagnosis compared with ‘Other’ (mainly European) women (odds ratio (OR) = 2.71; 95% confidence interval 1.98, 3.72); this decreased only slightly (OR 2.39; 1.72, 3.30) after adjustment for screening history, and travel time to the nearest General Practitioner and cancer centre. In contrast, the (non-significantly) elevated risk in Pacific women (1.39; 0.76, 2.54) disappeared almost completely when adjusted for the same factors (1.06; 0.57, 1.96). The hazard ratio of mortality for cervical cancer for Māori women was 2.10 (1.61, 2.73) and decreased to 1.45 (1.10, 1.92) after adjustment for stage at diagnosis, comorbid conditions, and travel time to the nearest General Practitioner and cancer centre; the corresponding estimates for Pacific women were 1.96 (1.23, 3.13) and 1.55 (0.93, 2.57). The G-computation analyses gave similar findings. Conclusions: The excess relative risk of late stage diagnosis in Māori women remains largely unexplained, while more than half of the excess relative risk of mortality in Māori and Pacific women is explained by differences in stage at diagnosis and comorbid conditions.

ACS Style

Naomi Brewer; Daniela Zugna; Rhian Daniel; Barry Borman; Neil Pearce; Lorenzo Richiardi. Which factors account for the ethnic inequalities in stage at diagnosis and cervical cancer survival in New Zealand? Cancer Epidemiology 2012, 36, e251 -e257.

AMA Style

Naomi Brewer, Daniela Zugna, Rhian Daniel, Barry Borman, Neil Pearce, Lorenzo Richiardi. Which factors account for the ethnic inequalities in stage at diagnosis and cervical cancer survival in New Zealand? Cancer Epidemiology. 2012; 36 (4):e251-e257.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naomi Brewer; Daniela Zugna; Rhian Daniel; Barry Borman; Neil Pearce; Lorenzo Richiardi. 2012. "Which factors account for the ethnic inequalities in stage at diagnosis and cervical cancer survival in New Zealand?" Cancer Epidemiology 36, no. 4: e251-e257.

Journal article
Published: 23 February 2012 in Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
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Objective: To investigate whether travel time or distance to the nearest general practitioner (GP) and/or cancer centre accounts for the ethnic differences in cervical cancer screening, stage at diagnosis and mortality in New Zealand (NZ). Methods: The study involved 1,594 cervical cancer cases registered between 1994 and 2005. Travel time and distance to the GP and cancer centre were estimated using a Geographical Information System. Results: Adjustment for travel time or distance made almost no difference to ethnic differences in screening rates. Adjustment for travel time reduced the excess risk for late‐stage diagnosis in Māori (the odds ratio (OR) reduced from 2.71 (95%CI 1.98–3.72) to 2.59 (1.88–3.56), a 7% decrease) and 33% in Pacific (the OR reduced from 1.39 (0.76–2.54) to 1.26 (0.68–2.33)) women. Adjustment for travel time reduced the excess risk for mortality by 3% in Māori (the hazard ratio (HR) reduced from 1.59 (1.21–2.08) to 1.57 (1.19–2.06)) and 13% in Pacific (the HR reduced from 1.92 (1.20–3.08) to 1.80 (1.11–2.91)) women. Similar findings were observed when using travel distance rather than travel time. Conclusions: Travel time and distance are only weakly associated with cervical cancer screening, stage at diagnosis and mortality in NZ. However, travel time may account for a small proportion of the ethnic differences in stage at diagnosis, and to a lesser extent mortality, particularly for Pacific women. Implications: The findings suggest that there may be ethnic variations in access to treatment or treatment quality, which may be related to travel time.

ACS Style

Naomi Brewer; Neil Pearce; Peter Day; Barry Borman. Travel time and distance to health care only partially account for the ethnic inequalities in cervical cancer stage at diagnosis and mortality in New Zealand. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2012, 36, 335 -342.

AMA Style

Naomi Brewer, Neil Pearce, Peter Day, Barry Borman. Travel time and distance to health care only partially account for the ethnic inequalities in cervical cancer stage at diagnosis and mortality in New Zealand. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 2012; 36 (4):335-342.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naomi Brewer; Neil Pearce; Peter Day; Barry Borman. 2012. "Travel time and distance to health care only partially account for the ethnic inequalities in cervical cancer stage at diagnosis and mortality in New Zealand." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 36, no. 4: 335-342.

Journal article
Published: 12 April 2011 in BMC Cancer
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There are large ethnic differences in cervical cancer survival in New Zealand that are only partly explained by stage at diagnosis. We investigated the association of comorbidity with cervical cancer survival, and whether comorbidity accounted for the previously observed ethnic differences in survival. The study involved 1,594 cervical cancer cases registered during 1994-2005. Comorbidity was measured using hospital events data and was classified using the Elixhauser instrument; effects on survival of individual comorbid conditions from the Elixhauser instrument were also assessed. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted cervical cancer mortality hazard ratios (HRs). Comorbidity during the year before diagnosis was associated with cervical cancer-specific survival: those with an Elixhauser count of ≥3 (compared with a count of zero) had a HR of 2.17 (1.32-3.56). The HR per unit of Elixhauser count was 1.25 (1.11-1.40). However, adjustment for the Elixhauser instrument made no difference to the mortality HRs for Māori and Asian women (compared to 'Other' women), and made only a trivial difference to that for Pacific women. In contrast, concurrent adjustment for 12 individual comorbid conditions from the Elixhauser instrument reduced the Māori HR from 1.56 (1.19-2.05) to 1.44 (1.09-1.89), i.e. a reduction in the excess risk of 21%; and reduced the Pacific HR from 1.95 (1.21-3.13) to 1.62 (0.98-2.68), i.e. a reduction in the excess risk of 35%. Comorbidity is associated with cervical cancer-specific survival in New Zealand, but accounts for only a moderate proportion of the ethnic differences in survival.

ACS Style

Naomi Brewer; Barry Borman; Diana Sarfati; Mona Jeffreys; Steven T Fleming; Soo Cheng; Neil Pearce. Does comorbidity explain the ethnic inequalities in cervical cancer survival in New Zealand? A retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2011, 11, 132 -132.

AMA Style

Naomi Brewer, Barry Borman, Diana Sarfati, Mona Jeffreys, Steven T Fleming, Soo Cheng, Neil Pearce. Does comorbidity explain the ethnic inequalities in cervical cancer survival in New Zealand? A retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer. 2011; 11 (1):132-132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naomi Brewer; Barry Borman; Diana Sarfati; Mona Jeffreys; Steven T Fleming; Soo Cheng; Neil Pearce. 2011. "Does comorbidity explain the ethnic inequalities in cervical cancer survival in New Zealand? A retrospective cohort study." BMC Cancer 11, no. 1: 132-132.

Comparative study
Published: 01 March 2011 in Pacific Health Dialog
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ACS Style

Sunia Foliaki; Diana Best; Siale Akau'ola; Soo Cheng; Barry Borman; Neil Pearce. Cancer incidence in four pacific countries: Tonga, Fiji Islands, Cook Islands and Niue. Pacific Health Dialog 2011, 17, 1 .

AMA Style

Sunia Foliaki, Diana Best, Siale Akau'ola, Soo Cheng, Barry Borman, Neil Pearce. Cancer incidence in four pacific countries: Tonga, Fiji Islands, Cook Islands and Niue. Pacific Health Dialog. 2011; 17 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sunia Foliaki; Diana Best; Siale Akau'ola; Soo Cheng; Barry Borman; Neil Pearce. 2011. "Cancer incidence in four pacific countries: Tonga, Fiji Islands, Cook Islands and Niue." Pacific Health Dialog 17, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 21 January 2011 in The New Zealand medical journal
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ACS Style

Erin Holmes; Anna Davies; Craig Wright; Neil Pearce; Barry Borman. Mortality rates according to occupation in New Zealand males: 2001-2005. The New Zealand medical journal 2011, 124, 1 .

AMA Style

Erin Holmes, Anna Davies, Craig Wright, Neil Pearce, Barry Borman. Mortality rates according to occupation in New Zealand males: 2001-2005. The New Zealand medical journal. 2011; 124 (1328):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erin Holmes; Anna Davies; Craig Wright; Neil Pearce; Barry Borman. 2011. "Mortality rates according to occupation in New Zealand males: 2001-2005." The New Zealand medical journal 124, no. 1328: 1.

Journal article
Published: 06 October 2009 in International Journal of Epidemiology
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Background There are ethnic disparities in cervical cancer survival in New Zealand. The objectives of this study were to assess the associations of screening history, ethnicity, socio-economic status (SES) and rural residence with stage at diagnosis in women diagnosed with cervical cancer in New Zealand during 1994–2005. Methods The 2323 cases were categorized as ‘ever screened’ if they had had at least one smear prior to 6 months before diagnosis, and as ‘regular screening’ if they had had no more than 36 months between any two smears in the period 6–114 months before diagnosis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations of screening history, ethnicity, SES and urban/rural residence with stage at diagnosis. Results The percentages ‘ever screened’ were 43.3% overall, 24.8% in Pacific, 30.5% in Asian, 40.6% in Māori and 46.1% in ‘Other’ women. The corresponding estimates for ‘regular screening’ were 14.0, 5.7, 7.8, 12.5 and 15.3%. Women with ‘regular screening’ had a lower risk of late stage diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) 0.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10–0.26], and the effect was greater for squamous cell carcinoma (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.07–0.23) than for adenocarcinoma (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.13–0.82). The increased risk of late-stage diagnosis (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.99–3.72) in Māori (compared with ‘Other’) women decreased only slightly when adjusted for screening history (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.77–3.39). Conclusions Over half of cases had not been ‘ever screened’. Regular screening substantially lowered the risk of being diagnosed at a late stage. However, screening history does not appear to explain the ethnic differences in stage at diagnosis.

ACS Style

Naomi Brewer; Neil Pearce; Mona Jeffreys; Barry Borman; Lis Ellison-Loschmann. Does screening history explain the ethnic differences in stage at diagnosis of cervical cancer in New Zealand? International Journal of Epidemiology 2009, 39, 156 -165.

AMA Style

Naomi Brewer, Neil Pearce, Mona Jeffreys, Barry Borman, Lis Ellison-Loschmann. Does screening history explain the ethnic differences in stage at diagnosis of cervical cancer in New Zealand? International Journal of Epidemiology. 2009; 39 (1):156-165.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naomi Brewer; Neil Pearce; Mona Jeffreys; Barry Borman; Lis Ellison-Loschmann. 2009. "Does screening history explain the ethnic differences in stage at diagnosis of cervical cancer in New Zealand?" International Journal of Epidemiology 39, no. 1: 156-165.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 1993 in International Journal Of Epidemiology
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Social class differences in mortality from causes of death amenable to medical intervention were examined. All deaths in New Zealand males aged 15–64 years during the periods 19757ndash;1977 and 1985–1987 were identified. Strong social class gradients in mortality from causes of death amenable to medical intervention were observed during both periods. Furthermore, social class inequalities were more pronounced for amenable causes of mortality than for non-amenable causes. However, a marked decline in the age-standardized mortality rate from amenable causes was observed, with the rate falling by 30% over the 10-year study period. This decline was twice as large as the drop in the non-amenable mortality rate. Despite the fall in the death rate from amenable causes, social class inequalities in mortality persisted among New Zealand men, with the lowest socioeconomic group experiencing a death rate from amenable causes of mortality that was 3.5 times higher than men in the highest socioeconomic group.

ACS Style

Stephen W Marshall; Ichiro Kawachi; Neil Pearce; Barry Borman. Social Class Differences in Mortality from Diseases Amenable to Medical Intervention in New Zealand. International Journal Of Epidemiology 1993, 22, 255 -261.

AMA Style

Stephen W Marshall, Ichiro Kawachi, Neil Pearce, Barry Borman. Social Class Differences in Mortality from Diseases Amenable to Medical Intervention in New Zealand. International Journal Of Epidemiology. 1993; 22 (2):255-261.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stephen W Marshall; Ichiro Kawachi; Neil Pearce; Barry Borman. 1993. "Social Class Differences in Mortality from Diseases Amenable to Medical Intervention in New Zealand." International Journal Of Epidemiology 22, no. 2: 255-261.