Cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.) is an important cereal crop that has captured interest worldwide due to its nutritional properties and associated health benefits. Despite this interest, oat has lagged behind other cereal crops in genome studies and the development of DNA markers due to its large and complex genome. RNA-Seq technology has been widely used for transcriptome analysis, functional gene study, and DNA marker development. In this study, we performed the transcriptome sequencing of 10 oat varieties at the seedling stage using the Illumina platform for the development of DNA markers. In total, 31,187,392~41,304,176 trimmed reads (an average of 34,322,925) were generated from 10 oat varieties. All of the trimmed reads of these varieties were assembled and generated, yielding a total of 128,244 assembled unigenes with an average length of 1071.7 bp and N50 of 1752 bp. According to gene ontology (GO) analysis, 30.7% of unigenes were assigned to the “catalytic activity” of the parent term in the molecular function category. Of the 1273 dCAPS markers developed using 491 genotype-specific SNPs, 30 markers exhibiting polymorphism in 28 oat varieties were finally selected. The transcriptome data of oat varieties could be used for functional studies about the seedling stage of oat and information about sequence variations in DNA marker development. These 30 dCAPS markers will be utilized for oat genetic analysis, cultivar identification, and breeders’ rights protection.

Introduction: Powdery mildew (PM) caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei is a major fungal disease affecting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The most effective approach to controlling this disease is the development of resistant cultivars. In this study, we investigated the genomic regions associated with PM resistance by performing quantitative loci sequencing (QTL-seq) twice using the parental lines ‘Hopum’ (susceptible) and ‘Jeonju 182’ (resistant) as reference genomes.Methods: This study was conducted from 2022 to 2024 at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Wanju, Republic of Korea. We conducted artificial crossing, genomic DNA extraction, phenotypic evaluation, QTL-seq analysis, and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker development. Candidate gene expression was analyzed using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR.Results: A total of 2,130 common variants were identified in two regions of chromosome 1H (6,940,595–18,008,713 bp and 19,363,700–20,551,018 bp). Twenty-one non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms among these variants were used to develop CAPS markers, which were validated in an F₂ population and malting barley cultivars. The PMC_75 marker, which is annotated as HORVU.MOREX.r3.1HG0005790, showed a strong association with resistance and was highly expressed in ‘Jeonju 182.’ This marker is associated with a Clathrin Assembly Protein, which is involved in vesicle formation and intracellular trafficking, processes essential for cellular signaling and defense responses.Conclusion: The development of the CAPS marker (PMC_75) provides a valuable tool for marker-assisted selection in breeding PM-resistant malting barley, improving breeding efficiency, and accelerating the development of resistant cultivars.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-026-01649-6.

Young-Mi Yoon, Yang-Kil Kim, Chon-Sik Kang, Kyong-Ho Kim, Jong-Chul Park, Tae-Il Park, and Jin-Cheon Park. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2021;53:539-47. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2021.53.4.539

Young-Mi Yoon, Yang-Kil Kim, Mi-Ja Lee, Kyong-Ho Kim, Jong-Ho Park, Chon-Sik Kang, Tae-Il Park, and Jin-Cheon Park. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2022;54:136-42. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2022.54.2.136

This study investigated the properties of starch isolated from Betaone barley (high β-glucan content of 11.32%), waxy-type Hwanggeumchal barley, and non-waxy type Hyeyang barley using water or 0.2% NaOH. Starch isolated with NaOH contained 4.79% damaged starch, 0.17% protein, 0.01% β-glucan, and 0.20% crude fat, while starch isolated with water contained 2.95%, 1.91%, 0.10%, and 0.31%, respectively. The starch granule were oval in shape, with particle sizes ordered as follows: Betaone (4.9 μm), Hwanggeumchal (8.9 μm), and Hyeyang (13.6 μm). Thermal properties revealed, that gelatinization onset, peak, and end temperatures increased with particle size. NaOH isolation was found to be more effective than water isolation in removing proteins, but resulted in higher levels of damaged starch and partially disrupted the crystalline structure.