SUMMARY: This paper presents a soft robot which can imitate the crawling locomotion of an earthworm. Locomotion of the robot can be achieved by expanding and contracting the body that is made of flexible material. A link of the earthworm-like robot is combined with three modules, and a multi-cavity earthworm-like soft robot is combined with multiple links. The multiple links of the earthworm-like soft robot are fabricated by silicone in the three-dimensional printed customized molds. Experiments on a single module, two-links, and three-links show that the soft robot can move and bend on condition of modules extension and contraction in a specified gait. The development of the earthworm-like soft robot shows a great prospect in many complicated environments such as pipeline detection.

In this article, a flexible tactile sensor that made of conductive silicone rubber for dexterous robot hand is designed. The tactile sensor is made up of four microsensors. The maximum gripping force is simulated when the degree of a robot finger joint is 138. Meanwhile, a control system to analyze the creep and hysteresis characteristics and a processing system of the tactile sensor is designed. We also demonstrated an experiment for the application of robot grasp object, showing the finger’s flexibility and sensitivity. Then the feedback data is sent to control system to provide precise grasp action changes for the robot hand.

A new variable stiffness four-finger soft gripper with a combination of rigid and soft structures is designed. The combination of rigid and soft structures is one of the methods to improve the performance of soft grippers. Grasping motion is achieved by the rigid structure of the screw and the connecting rod. Soft gripper uses human finger-like structure made of silicone, and the air pressure and the rigidity of the soft fingers can be adjusted by the air pump. The soft gripper overcomes the inability of a rigid gripper to easily and safely grasp soft and brittle objects and the inability of a completely soft gripper to exert sufficiently high forces to achieve effective grasping. Grasping force can be improved by increasing the stiffness of the finger and the driving stroke of screw. The variable grasping force allows the soft gripper to grasp different shape objects, specially soft and brittle objects.

This paper introduces the near-field detection system of an underwater robot based on the fish lateral line. Inspired by the perception mechanism of fish’s lateral line, the aim is to add near-field detection functionality to an underwater vehicle. To mimic the fish’s lateral line, an array of pressure sensors is developed and installed on the surface of the underwater vehicle. A vibrating sphere is simulated as an underwater pressure source, and the moving mechanism is built to drive the sphere to vibrate at a certain frequency near the lateral line. The calculation of the near-field pressure generated by the vibrating sphere is derived by linearizing the kinematics and dynamics conditions of the free surface wave equation. Structurally, the geometry shape of the detection system is printed by a 3D printer. The pressure data are sent to the computer and analyzed immediately to obtain information of the pressure source. Through the experiment, the variation law of the pressure is generated when the source vibrates near the body, and is consistent with the simulation results of the derived pressure calculation formula. It is found that the direction of the near-field pressure source can distinguished. The pressure amplitude of the sampled signals are extracted to be prepared for the next step to estimate the vertical distance between the center of the pressure source and the lateral line.