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Francesca Sbardella
Department of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza-Università di Roma & UdR INSTM, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 23 February 2021 in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
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Different surface treatments including mercerization, stearic acid and growth of zinc oxide nanorods as well as their combinations were exploited to address their effects on the properties of green composites based on polylactic acid (PLA) and flax fabrics. The resulting fabrics were morphologically (SEM), crystallographically (XRD) and thermally (TGA) characterized, showing no significant changes with respect to the untreated samples. In contrast, tensile and flexural properties of composites produced by compression moulding were significantly influenced. A combination of mercerization and environmentally friendly stearic acid treatment turned the character of the flax fabric from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, and led to improved bending and tensile strengths by 20% and 12%, respectively, compared to untreated composites. The presence of ZnO nanorods promoted an increase in flexural and tensile stiffness by 58% and 31%, respectively, but at the expense of strength, with reductions ascribed to the degradation of polylactic acid under high-temperature conditions favoured by ZnO, as confirmed by a reduction in the initial thermal degradation temperature up to 26%. These latter composites can be suggested in those applications where a suitable combination of flexural properties and a shorter persistence in the environment is desired.

ACS Style

Francesca Sbardella; Iván Rivilla; Irene Bavasso; Pietro Russo; Libera Vitiello; Jacopo Tirillò; Fabrizio Sarasini. Zinc oxide nanostructures and stearic acid as surface modifiers for flax fabrics in polylactic acid biocomposites. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2021, 177, 495 -504.

AMA Style

Francesca Sbardella, Iván Rivilla, Irene Bavasso, Pietro Russo, Libera Vitiello, Jacopo Tirillò, Fabrizio Sarasini. Zinc oxide nanostructures and stearic acid as surface modifiers for flax fabrics in polylactic acid biocomposites. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2021; 177 ():495-504.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Sbardella; Iván Rivilla; Irene Bavasso; Pietro Russo; Libera Vitiello; Jacopo Tirillò; Fabrizio Sarasini. 2021. "Zinc oxide nanostructures and stearic acid as surface modifiers for flax fabrics in polylactic acid biocomposites." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 177, no. : 495-504.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2021 in Nanomaterials
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The present research is focused on the synthesis of hexagonal ZnO wurtzite nanorods for the decoration of commercially available electrospun nylon nanofibers. The growth of ZnO was performed by a hydrothermal technique and for the first time on commercial electrospun veils. The growth step was optimized by adopting a procedure with the refresh of growing solution each hour of treatment (Method 1) and with the maintenance of a specific growth solution volume for the entire duration of the treatment (Method 2). The overall treatment time and volume of solution were also optimized by analyzing the morphology of ZnO nanostructures, the coverage degree, the thermal and mechanical stability of the obtained decorated electrospun nanofibers. In the optimal synthesis conditions (Method 2), hexagonal ZnO nanorods with a diameter and length of 53.5 nm ± 5.7 nm and 375.4 nm ± 37.8 nm, respectively, were obtained with a homogeneous and complete coverage of the veils. This easily scalable procedure did not damage the veils that could be potentially used as toughening elements in composites to prevent delamination onset and propagation. The presence of photoreactive species makes these materials ideal also as environmentally friendly photocatalysts for wastewater treatment. In this regard, photocatalytic tests were performed using methylene blue (MB) as model compound. Under UV light irradiation, the degradation of MB followed a first kinetic order data fitting and after 3 h of treatment a MB degradation of 91.0% ± 5.1% was achieved. The reusability of decorated veils was evaluated and a decrease in photocatalysis efficiency was detected after the third cycle of use.

ACS Style

Irene Bavasso; Francesca Sbardella; Maria Bracciale; Matteo Lilli; Jacopo Tirillò; Luca Palma; Anna Felici; Fabrizio Sarasini. Functionalization of Commercial Electrospun Veils with Zinc Oxide Nanostructures. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 418 .

AMA Style

Irene Bavasso, Francesca Sbardella, Maria Bracciale, Matteo Lilli, Jacopo Tirillò, Luca Palma, Anna Felici, Fabrizio Sarasini. Functionalization of Commercial Electrospun Veils with Zinc Oxide Nanostructures. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (2):418.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irene Bavasso; Francesca Sbardella; Maria Bracciale; Matteo Lilli; Jacopo Tirillò; Luca Palma; Anna Felici; Fabrizio Sarasini. 2021. "Functionalization of Commercial Electrospun Veils with Zinc Oxide Nanostructures." Nanomaterials 11, no. 2: 418.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2021 in Biomolecules
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The composites based on basalt fibres and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) show promising applications in biomedical and automotive fields, but their mechanical performance is still largely hindered by poor interfacial properties. Zinc oxide nanorods have been successfully used to tune the PLA/basalt fibre interface by growing them on commercially available basalt fabrics. The hierarchical fibres significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of PLA-based composites, especially their flexural strength and stiffness. These values are 26% and 22% higher than those of unmodified basalt/PLA composites, and 24% and 34% higher than those of glass/PLA composites used as a baseline. The increase in tensile and flexural properties hinges on the mechanical interlocking action promoted by ZnO nanorods and on the creation of a compact transcrystallinity structure. A degradation of PLA matrix was detected but it was positively counteracted by the better interfacial stress transfer. This study offers a novel approach for modifying the fibre–matrix interface of biocomposites intended for high-performance applications.

ACS Style

Francesca Sbardella; Andrea Martinelli; Valerio Di Lisio; Irene Bavasso; Pietro Russo; Jacopo Tirillò; Fabrizio Sarasini. Surface Modification of Basalt Fibres with ZnO Nanorods and Its Effect on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PLA-Based Composites. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 200 .

AMA Style

Francesca Sbardella, Andrea Martinelli, Valerio Di Lisio, Irene Bavasso, Pietro Russo, Jacopo Tirillò, Fabrizio Sarasini. Surface Modification of Basalt Fibres with ZnO Nanorods and Its Effect on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PLA-Based Composites. Biomolecules. 2021; 11 (2):200.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Sbardella; Andrea Martinelli; Valerio Di Lisio; Irene Bavasso; Pietro Russo; Jacopo Tirillò; Fabrizio Sarasini. 2021. "Surface Modification of Basalt Fibres with ZnO Nanorods and Its Effect on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PLA-Based Composites." Biomolecules 11, no. 2: 200.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2020 in Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
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To improve plant fibres/polymer matrix adhesion, the surface of flax yarns was modified by zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods, which were synthesized through a hydrothermal treatment. Several parameters were analysed in order to obtain a uniform and homogeneous ZnO interphase, such as the number of seeding cycles, growth times and the replacement of the growth solution. The results showed that it is possible to obtain highly oriented ZnO nanostructures (by FE-SEM), with an hexagonal wurtzite structure (by XRD) and a high degree of coverage along the whole yarn (by TGA), by reducing the number of the seed cycles, with rather long growth times (5 h) and refreshing the growth solution. The optimized synthesis preserved the breaking force of the yarns, while Single Fibre Fragmentation Tests (SFFT) highlighted a better interfacial adhesion of ZnO-modified flax yarns with epoxy matrix, confirmed by a 29% reduction in average debonding length relative to untreated yarns.

ACS Style

F. Sbardella; M. Lilli; M.C. Seghini; I. Bavasso; F. Touchard; L. Chocinski-Arnault; I. Rivilla; J. Tirillò; F. Sarasini. Interface tailoring between flax yarns and epoxy matrix by ZnO nanorods. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2020, 140, 106156 .

AMA Style

F. Sbardella, M. Lilli, M.C. Seghini, I. Bavasso, F. Touchard, L. Chocinski-Arnault, I. Rivilla, J. Tirillò, F. Sarasini. Interface tailoring between flax yarns and epoxy matrix by ZnO nanorods. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2020; 140 ():106156.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F. Sbardella; M. Lilli; M.C. Seghini; I. Bavasso; F. Touchard; L. Chocinski-Arnault; I. Rivilla; J. Tirillò; F. Sarasini. 2020. "Interface tailoring between flax yarns and epoxy matrix by ZnO nanorods." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 140, no. : 106156.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2020 in Molecules
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This study deals with the development and optimization of hybrid composites integrating microcrystalline cellulose and short basalt fibers in a polypropylene (PP) matrix to maximize the mechanical properties of resulting composites. To this aim, the effects of two different coupling agents, endowed with maleic anhydride (MA-g(grafted)-PP) and acrylic acid (AA-g-PP) functionalities, on the composite properties were investigated as a function of their amount. Tensile, flexural, impact and heat deflection temperature tests highlighted the lower reactivity and effectiveness of AA-g-PP, regardless of reinforcement type. Hybrid formulations with basalt/cellulose (15/15) and with 5 wt. % of MA-g-PP displayed remarkable increases in tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus, and notched Charpy impact strength, of 45% and 284%, 97% and 263%, and 13%, in comparison with neat PP, respectively. At the same time, the thermo-mechanical stability was enhanced by 65% compared to neat PP. The results of this study, if compared with the ones available in the literature, reveal the ability of such a combination of reinforcements to provide materials suitable for automotive applications with environmental benefits.

ACS Style

Claudia Sergi; Francesca Sbardella; Matteo Lilli; Jacopo Tirillò; Andrea Calzolari; Fabrizio Sarasini. Hybrid Cellulose–Basalt Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Compatibility: The Role of Coupling Agent. Molecules 2020, 25, 4384 .

AMA Style

Claudia Sergi, Francesca Sbardella, Matteo Lilli, Jacopo Tirillò, Andrea Calzolari, Fabrizio Sarasini. Hybrid Cellulose–Basalt Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Compatibility: The Role of Coupling Agent. Molecules. 2020; 25 (19):4384.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudia Sergi; Francesca Sbardella; Matteo Lilli; Jacopo Tirillò; Andrea Calzolari; Fabrizio Sarasini. 2020. "Hybrid Cellulose–Basalt Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Compatibility: The Role of Coupling Agent." Molecules 25, no. 19: 4384.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2020 in Polymers
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The use of wood fibers is a deeply investigated topic in current scientific research and one of their most common applications is as filler for thermoplastic polymers. The resulting material is a biocomposite, known as a Wood Polymer Composite (WPC). For increasing the sustainability and reducing the cost, it is convenient to increase the wood fiber content as much as possible, so that the polymeric fraction within the composite is thereby reduced. On the other hand, this is often thwarted by a sharp decrease in toughness and processability—a disadvantage that could be overcome by compounding the material with a toughening agent. This work deals with the mechanical properties in tension and impact of polypropylene filled with 50 wt.% wood flour, toughened with different amounts (0%, 10%, and 20%) of a polypropylene-based thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV). Such properties are also investigated as a function of extrusion processing variables, such as the feeding mode (i.e., starve vs. flood feeding) and screw speed. It is found that the mechanical properties do depend on the processing conditions: the best properties are obtained either in starve feeding conditions, or in flood feeding conditions, but at a low screw speed. The toughening effect of TPV is significant when its content reaches 20 wt.%. For this percentage, the processing conditions are less relevant in governing the final properties of the composites in terms of the stiffness and strength.

ACS Style

Valentina Mazzanti; Lorenzo Malagutti; Andrea Santoni; Francesca Sbardella; Andrea Calzolari; Fabrizio Sarasini; Francesco Mollica. Correlation between Mechanical Properties and Processing Conditions in Rubber-Toughened Wood Polymer Composites. Polymers 2020, 12, 1170 .

AMA Style

Valentina Mazzanti, Lorenzo Malagutti, Andrea Santoni, Francesca Sbardella, Andrea Calzolari, Fabrizio Sarasini, Francesco Mollica. Correlation between Mechanical Properties and Processing Conditions in Rubber-Toughened Wood Polymer Composites. Polymers. 2020; 12 (5):1170.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valentina Mazzanti; Lorenzo Malagutti; Andrea Santoni; Francesca Sbardella; Andrea Calzolari; Fabrizio Sarasini; Francesco Mollica. 2020. "Correlation between Mechanical Properties and Processing Conditions in Rubber-Toughened Wood Polymer Composites." Polymers 12, no. 5: 1170.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2020 in Polymers
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Four different strategies for mitigating the highly hydrophilic nature of flax fibers were investigated with a view to increase their compatibility with apolar polypropylene. The effects of two carbon nanostructures (graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)), of a chemical modification with a fatty acid (stearic acid), and of maleated polypropylene on interfacial adhesion, mechanical properties (tensile and flexural), and thermal stability (TGA) were compared. The best performance was achieved by a synergistic combination of GNPs and maleated polypropylene, which resulted in an increase in tensile strength and modulus of 42.46% and 54.96%, respectively, compared to baseline composites. Stearation proved to be an effective strategy for increasing the compatibility with apolar matrices when performed in an ethanol solution with a 0.4 M concentration. The results demonstrate that an adequate selection of surface modification strategies leads to considerable enhancements in targeted properties.

ACS Style

Pietro Russo; Libera Vitiello; Francesca Sbardella; Jose I. Santos; Jacopo Tirillò; Maria Paola Bracciale; Iván Rivilla; Fabrizio Sarasini. Effect of Carbon Nanostructures and Fatty Acid Treatment on the Mechanical and Thermal Performances of Flax/Polypropylene Composites. Polymers 2020, 12, 438 .

AMA Style

Pietro Russo, Libera Vitiello, Francesca Sbardella, Jose I. Santos, Jacopo Tirillò, Maria Paola Bracciale, Iván Rivilla, Fabrizio Sarasini. Effect of Carbon Nanostructures and Fatty Acid Treatment on the Mechanical and Thermal Performances of Flax/Polypropylene Composites. Polymers. 2020; 12 (2):438.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pietro Russo; Libera Vitiello; Francesca Sbardella; Jose I. Santos; Jacopo Tirillò; Maria Paola Bracciale; Iván Rivilla; Fabrizio Sarasini. 2020. "Effect of Carbon Nanostructures and Fatty Acid Treatment on the Mechanical and Thermal Performances of Flax/Polypropylene Composites." Polymers 12, no. 2: 438.

Journal article
Published: 17 December 2019 in Composites Part B: Engineering
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The effects of the integration of continuous sheets of randomly oriented multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the low velocity impact behavior of cross-ply carbon/epoxy laminates have been investigated. Three different energy levels were used, namely 5 J, 10 J, and 20 J and significant reductions in delaminated area in the range 11%–39% compared to the baseline laminates were achieved by incorporating interleaves at each 0/90 interface. This resulted in a better flexural damage tolerance of modified laminates. The combination of ultrasonic C-scans, profilometry, and scanning electron microscopy showed that interlaminar crossing between CNT sheets and carbon fibers occurred in modified laminates and that nanotube pull-out, bridging and improved fiber/matrix adhesion are the mechanisms responsible for the enhanced impact performance.

ACS Style

W. Xin; F. Sarasini; J. Tirillò; I. Bavasso; Francesca Sbardella; L. Lampani; I.M. De Rosa. Impact and post-impact properties of multiscale carbon fiber composites interleaved with carbon nanotube sheets. Composites Part B: Engineering 2019, 183, 107711 .

AMA Style

W. Xin, F. Sarasini, J. Tirillò, I. Bavasso, Francesca Sbardella, L. Lampani, I.M. De Rosa. Impact and post-impact properties of multiscale carbon fiber composites interleaved with carbon nanotube sheets. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2019; 183 ():107711.

Chicago/Turabian Style

W. Xin; F. Sarasini; J. Tirillò; I. Bavasso; Francesca Sbardella; L. Lampani; I.M. De Rosa. 2019. "Impact and post-impact properties of multiscale carbon fiber composites interleaved with carbon nanotube sheets." Composites Part B: Engineering 183, no. : 107711.

Journal article
Published: 09 December 2019 in Composite Structures
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The effects of electrospun veil position, areal density and concurrent presence of MWCNTs on the low velocity impact behaviour and damage tolerance of thin cross-ply carbon/epoxy laminates were investigated. Three different interleaved configurations were tested along with baseline laminates and the optimal configuration was then used to assess the effect of veil density (1.5 gsm and 4.5 gsm) and CNT doping on the damage tolerance. The presence of nanofibrous interlayers resulted in a decrease higher than 40% in the delaminated area for impacts up to 7.5 J without weight penalty and degradation of the in-plane flexural properties. SEM micrographs of fractured surfaces allowed to identify the synergistic contribution of MWCNTs and nanofibres to the effective toughening of traditional laminates. Energy absorption mechanisms were found similar to those described in fracture toughness studies, which resulted in a better damage tolerance of modified laminates in terms of residual flexural strength and stiffness.

ACS Style

Fabrizio Sarasini; Jacopo Tirillò; Irene Bavasso; Maria Paola Bracciale; Francesca Sbardella; Luca Lampani; Gianluca Cicala. Effect of electrospun nanofibres and MWCNTs on the low velocity impact response of carbon fibre laminates. Composite Structures 2019, 234, 111776 .

AMA Style

Fabrizio Sarasini, Jacopo Tirillò, Irene Bavasso, Maria Paola Bracciale, Francesca Sbardella, Luca Lampani, Gianluca Cicala. Effect of electrospun nanofibres and MWCNTs on the low velocity impact response of carbon fibre laminates. Composite Structures. 2019; 234 ():111776.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabrizio Sarasini; Jacopo Tirillò; Irene Bavasso; Maria Paola Bracciale; Francesca Sbardella; Luca Lampani; Gianluca Cicala. 2019. "Effect of electrospun nanofibres and MWCNTs on the low velocity impact response of carbon fibre laminates." Composite Structures 234, no. : 111776.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2019 in Polymer Composites
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ACS Style

Irene Bavasso; Maria P. Bracciale; Francesca Sbardella; Jacopo Tirillò; Fabrizio Sarasini; Luca Di Palma. Effect of yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) residue and coupling agent on the mechanical and thermal properties of polyolefin‐based composites. Polymer Composites 2019, 41, 161 -173.

AMA Style

Irene Bavasso, Maria P. Bracciale, Francesca Sbardella, Jacopo Tirillò, Fabrizio Sarasini, Luca Di Palma. Effect of yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) residue and coupling agent on the mechanical and thermal properties of polyolefin‐based composites. Polymer Composites. 2019; 41 (1):161-173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irene Bavasso; Maria P. Bracciale; Francesca Sbardella; Jacopo Tirillò; Fabrizio Sarasini; Luca Di Palma. 2019. "Effect of yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) residue and coupling agent on the mechanical and thermal properties of polyolefin‐based composites." Polymer Composites 41, no. 1: 161-173.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2019 in Composite Structures
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Thermoplastic fiber metal laminates (TFMLs) represent a relatively new class of fiber metal laminates (FMLs) specifically designed to overcome the limitations of conventional fiber metal laminates in terms of the elevated processing temperatures and pressures required for their consolidation. In this work the low velocity impact response of TFMLs based on aluminum alloy and a polypropylene (PP) matrix reinforced with basalt fibers has been experimentally addressed, by considering the effect of the stacking sequence and of the impact temperature. The results have been compared with those obtained on glass fiber/PP reinforced FMLs, basalt/epoxy reinforced FMLs and monolithic aluminum. Basalt TFMLs showed a better performance than aluminum plates, basalt/epoxy TFMLs and glass TFMLs, especially for the specific energy level causing FC (first crack), with an increase of 42%, 34%, 8.5% respectively due to a greater deformation ability of basalt fiber metal laminates even at an impact temperature as low as -40 °C.

ACS Style

Fabrizio Sarasini; Jacopo Tirillò; Luca Ferrante; Claudia Sergi; Francesca Sbardella; Pietro Russo; Giorgio Simeoli; David Mellier; Andrea Calzolari. Effect of temperature and fiber type on impact behavior of thermoplastic fiber metal laminates. Composite Structures 2019, 223, 110961 .

AMA Style

Fabrizio Sarasini, Jacopo Tirillò, Luca Ferrante, Claudia Sergi, Francesca Sbardella, Pietro Russo, Giorgio Simeoli, David Mellier, Andrea Calzolari. Effect of temperature and fiber type on impact behavior of thermoplastic fiber metal laminates. Composite Structures. 2019; 223 ():110961.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabrizio Sarasini; Jacopo Tirillò; Luca Ferrante; Claudia Sergi; Francesca Sbardella; Pietro Russo; Giorgio Simeoli; David Mellier; Andrea Calzolari. 2019. "Effect of temperature and fiber type on impact behavior of thermoplastic fiber metal laminates." Composite Structures 223, no. : 110961.

Journal article
Published: 15 August 2018 in Coatings
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The application of coating polymers to building materials is a simple and cheap way to preserve and protect surfaces from weathering phenomena. Due to its environmentally friendly character, waterborne coating is the most popular type of coating, and improving its performance is an important key of research. The study presents the results regarding the mechanical and photo-oxidation resistance of some water-based acrylic coatings containing SiO2 nanoparticles obtained by batch miniemulsion polymerization. Coating materials have been characterized in terms of hydrophobic/hydrophilic behavior, mechanical resistance and surface morphology by means of water-contact angle, and scrub resistance and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements depending on silica-nanoparticle content. Moreover, accelerated weathering tests were performed to estimate the photo-oxidation resistance of the coatings. The chemical and color changes were assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and colorimetric measurements. Furthermore, the nanofilled coatings were applied on two different calcareous lithotypes (Lecce stone and Carrara Marble). Its properties, such as capillary water absorption and color modification, before and after accelerated aging tests, were assessed. The properties acquired by the addition of silica nanoparticles in the acrylic matrix can ensure good protection against weathering of stone-based materials.

ACS Style

Francesca Sbardella; Lucilla Pronti; Maria Laura Santarelli; José Marìa Asua Gonzàlez; Maria Paola Bracciale. Waterborne Acrylate-Based Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Resistance Properties on Stone Surfaces. Coatings 2018, 8, 283 .

AMA Style

Francesca Sbardella, Lucilla Pronti, Maria Laura Santarelli, José Marìa Asua Gonzàlez, Maria Paola Bracciale. Waterborne Acrylate-Based Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Resistance Properties on Stone Surfaces. Coatings. 2018; 8 (8):283.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Sbardella; Lucilla Pronti; Maria Laura Santarelli; José Marìa Asua Gonzàlez; Maria Paola Bracciale. 2018. "Waterborne Acrylate-Based Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Resistance Properties on Stone Surfaces." Coatings 8, no. 8: 283.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2017 in Microchemical Journal
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Ascertain the distribution of materials and that of their degradation products in historical artifacts is crucial to understand their conservation status. Among the different analytical techniques that can be used, FT-IR imaging supplies information on the molecular composition of the material on a micrometric-scale in a nondestructive way (i.e. respecting the physical integrity of the material/object and without inducing visible damage to the object. This is possible by limiting the sampling to very small amounts.) (K.H.A. Janssens, R. van Grieken, Non-destructive microanalysis of cultural heritage materials, Elsevier, 2004). When thin sections of the material are not exploitable for transmission, and when ATR imaging mode is not suitable due to possible damages on the sample surface, FT-IR imaging is performed in reflection mode on thick polished, matrix embedded samples. Even if many efforts have been done in the optimization of the sample preparation, the material's surface quality is a critical issue that can hinder the achievement of good infrared images. Moreover, spectral artifacts due to volume and surface interactions can yield uncertain results in standard data treatment. In this paper we address a multivariate statistical analysis as an alternative and complementary approach to obtain high contrast FT-IR large images from hyperspectral data obtained by reflection μ-FTIR analysis. While applications of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for chemical mapping is well established, no clustering unsupervised method applied to μ-FTIR data have been reported so far in the field of analytical chemistry for cultural heritage. In order to obtain certain chemical distribution of the stratigraphy materials, in this work the use of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), validated with a supervised Principal Component based k-Nearest Neighbor (PCA-kNN) Analysis, has been successfully used for the re-construction of the μ-FTIR image, extracting useful information from the complex data set. A case study (a patina from the Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum) is presented to validate the model and to show new perspectives for FT-IR imaging in art conservation

ACS Style

Giuseppe Capobianco; Maria Paola Bracciale; Diego Sali; Francesca Sbardella; Paolo Belloni; Giuseppe Bonifazi; Silvia Serranti; Maria Laura Santarelli; Mariangela Cestelli Guidi. Chemometrics approach to FT-IR hyperspectral imaging analysis of degradation products in artwork cross-section. Microchemical Journal 2017, 132, 69 -76.

AMA Style

Giuseppe Capobianco, Maria Paola Bracciale, Diego Sali, Francesca Sbardella, Paolo Belloni, Giuseppe Bonifazi, Silvia Serranti, Maria Laura Santarelli, Mariangela Cestelli Guidi. Chemometrics approach to FT-IR hyperspectral imaging analysis of degradation products in artwork cross-section. Microchemical Journal. 2017; 132 ():69-76.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Capobianco; Maria Paola Bracciale; Diego Sali; Francesca Sbardella; Paolo Belloni; Giuseppe Bonifazi; Silvia Serranti; Maria Laura Santarelli; Mariangela Cestelli Guidi. 2017. "Chemometrics approach to FT-IR hyperspectral imaging analysis of degradation products in artwork cross-section." Microchemical Journal 132, no. : 69-76.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2014 in Materials & Design
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Physico-mechanical properties and the microstructure of basalt fiber reinforced hydraulic lime-based mortars were investigated. Three different mortars were characterized, one based on natural hydraulic lime and a siliceous aggregate and two dry premix of natural hydraulic lime, selected inert aggregates and selected crushed bricks and tiles. The effect of three different types of basalt fibers at two contents on mechanical and water absorption through capillarity was investigated. Fiber reinforced mortars showed a marked improve in post-cracking behavior and compressive strength which was found to depend strongly on the type of matrix and basalt fiber. Reinforced mortars exhibited a lower capillary water absorption coefficient than the reference mortars regardless of type of matrix and basalt fiber. Despite the promising results, the study highlighted the need to optimize both the surface treatment of basalt fibers and their content in the mortars with a view to defining a suitable material for masonry restoration

ACS Style

Maria Laura Santarelli; Francesca Sbardella; Martina Zuena; Jacopo Tirillò; Fabrizio Sarasini. Basalt fiber reinforced natural hydraulic lime mortars: A potential bio-based material for restoration. Materials & Design 2014, 63, 398 -406.

AMA Style

Maria Laura Santarelli, Francesca Sbardella, Martina Zuena, Jacopo Tirillò, Fabrizio Sarasini. Basalt fiber reinforced natural hydraulic lime mortars: A potential bio-based material for restoration. Materials & Design. 2014; 63 ():398-406.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria Laura Santarelli; Francesca Sbardella; Martina Zuena; Jacopo Tirillò; Fabrizio Sarasini. 2014. "Basalt fiber reinforced natural hydraulic lime mortars: A potential bio-based material for restoration." Materials & Design 63, no. : 398-406.