Food loss and waste are global problems for food security, as one-third of all food produced globally does not reach the consumer’s table. These numbers seem unreasonable when the data presented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2021 accounts for more than 800 million undernourished people and about 2.3 billion without access to adequate food throughout the year. This study examines the determinants of food waste behavior at the consumer level in China, the most populous country in the world. The survey used data from 3,857 online questionnaires of families living in selected Chinese metropolitan areas across all provinces. The research methodology used an ordered multinomial logit model to estimate the impact of the explanatory variables on the frequency and amount of household food waste. The results showed that food waste increased with income, age, and education but at a decreasing rate. Additionally, the demographic characteristics of households, food planning, and meal preparation had a statistically significant influence on food waste. The findings of this study, therefore, provide evidence that household food waste is highly dependent on people's behavior, and its reduction may depend on public policies and educational campaigns to make families aware of the problem.

Data from the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization reveal that about one-third of global food intended for human consumption is wasted annually. This study investigated the determinants of household food waste in Brazilian metropolitan areas using an online survey. An ordered logit model was employed due to the hierarchical nature of the dependent variable. The results indicated that higher income and education levels correlate with increased waste; however, affluent households exhibited an inverse relationship. Effective nutrition planning reduced waste, while certain kitchen tools, training, and socio-environmental awareness also contributed to waste reduction.

Land property rights reform has been a key driver of agricultural productivity growth in post-reform China. Clearly defined land tenure arrangements also play a crucial role in maintaining rural social stability. This study assesses the impact of enhanced land tenure security on rural social stability, focusing on both the overall effects and the underlying mechanisms. Leveraging the new round of agricultural land rights confirmation initiated in 2013 as a quasi-natural experiment, we employ a staggered difference-in-difference model using panel data from the National Fixed-Point Survey for 2013–2021 to examine how enhanced land tenure security affects rural conflicts and disputes, which are important indicators of rural social stability. The empirical results indicate that the new round of land titling has significantly reduced the incidence of rural disputes. Mechanism analysis suggests that increased household income, strengthened bargaining power of farmers, and reduced infringements on property rights are the primary channels through which land titling mitigates rural conflicts. Furthermore, the effects are more pronounced in villages characterized by balanced clan power, larger income disparities, and non-suburban locations. These findings highlight the importance of consolidating land property rights and integrating them with local governance to sustain rural social stability.