Background: To investigate the efficacy of different doses of corticosteroids in treating severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Methods: Between May 01, 2023, and June 20, 2023, 48 patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were treated at the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Jinan Fourth People's Hospital. The observation group (21 patients) received standard care and high-dose corticosteroids, (high-dose group). The control group (27 patients) received standard care and low-dose corticosteroids (low-dose group). We collected baseline data and recorded inflammatory marker levels after 3 days of treatment, body temperature recovery time, length of stay, and 28-day all-cause mortality. The results of outpatient follow-up were recorded after 1 month. Results: There were no significant differences in 28-day mortality and length of stay. The number of days it took for body temperature to return to normal in the high-dose group was less than in the low-dose group. The high-dose group had significantly more reduced inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6). A total of 20 discharged patients were given 8–16 mg of methylprednisolone, depending on chest computed tomography (CT) and clinical symptoms after 1 month; in all discharged patients using oral corticosteroids, CT features improved. Conclusion: High-dose corticosteroids had a significantly positive effect on the reduction of inflammatory factors and shortening body temperature recovery time. In the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia, early administration of high-dose, short-course corticosteroids should be implemented.

Background: Platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is commonly used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A growing body of evidence indicates that incorporating antiangiogenic agents into platinum-based chemotherapy may enhance the survival outcomes for NSCLC patients. However, the optimal administration protocol for intravenous recombinant human endostatin (rh-endostatin), an antiangiogenic agent, remains uncertain at present. Aim: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of 5-d continuous intravenous infusion of rh-endostatin in combination with chemotherapy for patients with advanced NSCLC. The predictive biomarkers for this treatment regimen were further probed. Methods: This prospective, single-arm multicenter study enrolled a total of 48 patients with advanced NSCLC who were histologically or cytologically confirmed but had not received any prior treatment from January 2021 to December 2022. Prior to the chemotherapy, these patients received a continuous intravenous infusion of rh-endostatin (210 mg) over a period of 120 h, using an infusion pump. The chemotherapy regimen included a combination of platinum with either pemetrexed or paclitaxel, given in 21-day cycles. The primary endpoint of the study was median progression-free survival (mPFS), and the secondary endpoints included median overall survival (mOS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and assessment of adverse events (AEs). Results: The mPFS was 6.5 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.8–9.1 m) while the mOS was 12.3 months (95% CI: 7.6–18.5 m). The ORR and DCR was 52.1% and 75.0%, respectively. Leukopenia (52.1%), anemia (33.3%), and thrombocytopenia (20.8%) were the most common adverse effects and these toxicities were deemed acceptable and manageable. In addition, a correlation was noted between elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels and decreased PFS and OS. Conclusions: The incorporation of a 5-day continuous intravenous infusion of rh-endostatin into platinum-based doublet chemotherapy has demonstrated both safety and efficacy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Furthermore, the baseline serum levels of CEA may potentially function as a predictor for the efficacy of rh-endostatin when combined with chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05574998.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of corticosteroids in the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia at different doses. Methods：Between May 01, 2023, and June 20, 2023, 48 patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were treated in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Jinan Fourth People's Hospital. The observation group (21 patients) received usual care plus high dose corticosteroids，below referred to as the high-dose group. The control group (27 patients) received usual care plus low-dose corticosteroids. Below referred to as the low-dose group. We collected baseline data, inflammatory markers after 3 days of treatment, body temperature recovery time, length of stay and 28-day all-cause mortality. The results of outpatient follow-up were recorded after 1 month. Result: There were no significant differences in 28-day mortality and length of stay. The number of days that body temperature returns to normal in high-dose group was shorter than low-dose group. The high-dose group was significantly better than low-dose group in reducing inflammatory factors (CRP IL-6). 20 discharged patients were given corticosteroid ranging from 8~16mg of methylprednisolone, depending on chest computed tomographic(CT) and clinical symptoms, after 1 month, in all discharged patients of use oral corticosteroid, the consensus was that the CT features had improved. Conclusion: The high-dose corticosteroids have a positive significance for the reduction of inflammatory factors and the shortening of body temperature recovery time. In the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia, we can try early high-dose, short-course corticosteroids.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has transformed the management of relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas, yet its initial use in central nervous system lymphoma has been hampered by safety concerns and limited efficacy. Current data are derived from small, heterogeneous trials, with unresolved questions regarding neurotoxicity mitigation, optimal treatment timing, long-term response durability, and predictive biomarkers, precluding widespread clinical implementation. This narrative review systematically integrates peer-reviewed clinical trials, real-world retrospective datasets and preclinical mechanistic investigations to summarize the efficacy and safety profile of CAR-T in patients with PCNSL and SCNSL.