The effect of process parameters (temperature, feed space velocity) of the low-temperature pyrolysis of rapeseed oil (Kultus spring variety) on the yield, properties, and composition of the liquid products obtained was studied. The effect of adding initiator on the course of pyrolysis was examined. The IR spectra of the initial substances and products of low-temperature pyrolysis obtained under different conditions were compared, and the differences were discussed. At the optimum pyrolysis temperature of 500°С, the yield of liquid products increases and the pyrolyzate density and iodine value decrease. Data on the qualitative composition of the rapeseed oil pyrolysis products were obtained.