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Objective: The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of fat-soluble vitamin injection on plasma and tissue vitamin status in nursery pigs.Methods: A total of 16 pigs (initial body weight: 7.15±1.1 kg) were allotted to 2 treatments at d 7 post-weaning. Pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet with no supplemental vitamin A and i.m. injected with 300,000 IU of retinyl palmitate, 900 IU of d-α-tocopherol and 30,000 IU of vitamin D3 with control pigs having no vitamin injection. Blood (d 0, 3, 7, and 14 post-injection) and tissue samples (liver, brain, heart, lung, and muscle; d 7 and 14 post-injection) were collected from pigs. Retinyl palmitate, retinol, and α-tocopherol concentrations were analyzed in plasma and tissues, while plasma was assayed for 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD3).Results: Plasma retinol and 25-OHD3 concentrations increased by the vitamin injection from d 3 to 14 post-injection (p3. As plasma levels decreased post-injection, vitamin A level in liver and vitamin E level in muscle, heart and liver increased. The α-tocopherol found in plasma after injection was distributed to various tissues but retinyl palmitate only to the liver.
Young Dal Jang; Mikayla J. Rotering; Paige K. Isensee; Kirsten A. Rinholen; Carli J. Boston-Denton; Paige G. Kelley; Robert L. Stuart. Distribution of injected fat-soluble vitamins in plasma and tissues of nursery pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2020, 33, 1985 -1990.
AMA StyleYoung Dal Jang, Mikayla J. Rotering, Paige K. Isensee, Kirsten A. Rinholen, Carli J. Boston-Denton, Paige G. Kelley, Robert L. Stuart. Distribution of injected fat-soluble vitamins in plasma and tissues of nursery pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2020; 33 (12):1985-1990.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoung Dal Jang; Mikayla J. Rotering; Paige K. Isensee; Kirsten A. Rinholen; Carli J. Boston-Denton; Paige G. Kelley; Robert L. Stuart. 2020. "Distribution of injected fat-soluble vitamins in plasma and tissues of nursery pigs." Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 33, no. 12: 1985-1990.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of copra meal (CM) inclusion level on the growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations, and pork quality of growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing β-mannanase. Eighty crossbred pigs with average body weight (BW) of 27.22 ± 0.09 kg were allotted to five dietary treatments with four pigs per pen and four replicates per treatment based on sex and BW. The dietary treatments were: (1) NC: negative control, corn-soybean meal (SBM) based basal diet, (2) PC: positive control, basal diet + 0.10% β-mannanase (800 IU/ kg diet), (3) CM6: PC diet with 6% CM inclusion, (4) CM12: PC diet with 12% CM inclusion, and (5) CM18: PC diet with 18% CM inclusion in a three-phase feeding program (growing: 0–6 weeks, finishing I: 7–9 weeks, and finishing II: 10–12 weeks). The quadratic responses were observed in the BW at six weeks (p < 0.05), ADG in the growing phase (0–6 weeks; p < 0.05), and ADFI in the finishing phase with a tendency (7–12 weeks; p = 0.06) as the inclusion level of CM increased. However, the BW at 12 weeks (linear, p < 0.05 and quadratic, p = 0.06), the overall ADG (0–12 weeks; linear and quadratic, p < 0.05), and the G:F ratio in the finishing (7–12 weeks; linear, p < 0.05) and overall (0–12 weeks; linear, p < 0.05) phases decreased with increasing levels of CM in the diets. The ATTD of crude protein (linear, p < 0.05), crude fiber (linear, p < 0.05), and ash (linear, p < 0.05) decreased linearly as the inclusion level of CM increased. The BUN concentrations increased linearly with increasing levels of CM in the diets at 12 weeks of the experiment (p < 0.05). As the inclusion level of CM increased, TBARS value at d 3 post-mortem (linear, p = 0.07) tended to increase, whereas initial loin pH at 1 h post-mortem decreased (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) with no difference in ultimate loin pH at 24 h post-mortem. These results indicated that CM inclusion up to 12% in the growing-finishing pig diets with β-mannanase did not affect growth performance, nutrient utilization, and pork quality whereas 18% CM inclusion to the diets could negatively impact nutrient digestibility, BUN concentrations, and thereby growth performance.
Jae-Cheol Jang; Dong Hyuk Kim; Jin Su Hong; Young Dal Jang; Yoo Yong Kim. Effects of Copra Meal Inclusion Level in Growing-Finishing Pig Diets Containing β-Mannanase on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Blood Urea Nitrogen Concentrations and Pork Quality. Animals 2020, 10, 1840 .
AMA StyleJae-Cheol Jang, Dong Hyuk Kim, Jin Su Hong, Young Dal Jang, Yoo Yong Kim. Effects of Copra Meal Inclusion Level in Growing-Finishing Pig Diets Containing β-Mannanase on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Blood Urea Nitrogen Concentrations and Pork Quality. Animals. 2020; 10 (10):1840.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJae-Cheol Jang; Dong Hyuk Kim; Jin Su Hong; Young Dal Jang; Yoo Yong Kim. 2020. "Effects of Copra Meal Inclusion Level in Growing-Finishing Pig Diets Containing β-Mannanase on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Blood Urea Nitrogen Concentrations and Pork Quality." Animals 10, no. 10: 1840.
The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of dietary β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, intestinal integrity, and the immunological and oxidative stress parameters in weaning pigs. A total of 64 newly weaning pigs (initial body weight: 6.96 ± 0.70 kg) were allotted to two dietary treatments in eight replicates per treatment with four pigs per pen based on body weight and sex. Dietary treatments were 1.) CON (control: corn-soybean meal based basal diet) and 2.) β-mannanase (basal diet +0.06% β-mannanase). The β-mannanase supplementation did not affect growth performance, concentrations of acute phase protein, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. However, the pigs fed the β-mannanase-supplemented diet had greater ATTD of ether extract, jejunum villus height, and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, and lower crypt depth compared with those fed the CON diet (p < 0.05). The pigs fed the β-mannanase-supplemented diet tended to have the lower count of E. coli in cecum than those fed the CON diet (p = 0.08). In conclusion, dietary β-mannanase supplementation did not affect growth performance, immune response and oxidative stress of weaning pigs, whereas it increased fat digestibility and had positive effects on intestinal integrity and cecum microflora by reducing the count of E.coli.
Jae-Cheol Jang; Kwang Ho Kim; Young Dal Jang; Yoo Yong Kim. Effects of Dietary β-Mannanase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Intestinal Integrity, and Immune Responses in Weaning Pigs. Animals 2020, 10, 703 .
AMA StyleJae-Cheol Jang, Kwang Ho Kim, Young Dal Jang, Yoo Yong Kim. Effects of Dietary β-Mannanase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Intestinal Integrity, and Immune Responses in Weaning Pigs. Animals. 2020; 10 (4):703.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJae-Cheol Jang; Kwang Ho Kim; Young Dal Jang; Yoo Yong Kim. 2020. "Effects of Dietary β-Mannanase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Intestinal Integrity, and Immune Responses in Weaning Pigs." Animals 10, no. 4: 703.
Young Dal Jang; Jingyun Ma; Ning Lu; Jina Lim; H. James Monegue; Robert L. Stuart; Merlin D. Lindemann. Administration of vitamin D3 by injection or drinking water alters serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations of nursery pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2018, 31, 278 -286.
AMA StyleYoung Dal Jang, Jingyun Ma, Ning Lu, Jina Lim, H. James Monegue, Robert L. Stuart, Merlin D. Lindemann. Administration of vitamin D3 by injection or drinking water alters serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations of nursery pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2018; 31 (2):278-286.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoung Dal Jang; Jingyun Ma; Ning Lu; Jina Lim; H. James Monegue; Robert L. Stuart; Merlin D. Lindemann. 2018. "Administration of vitamin D3 by injection or drinking water alters serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations of nursery pigs." Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 31, no. 2: 278-286.