Most bacteria use type II fatty acid synthesis (FAS) systems for synthesizing fatty acids, of which the conserved FabA-FabB pathway is considered to be crucial for unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) synthesis in gram-negative bacteria. Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the phytopathogen of black rot disease in crucifers, produces higher quantities of UFAs under low-temperature conditions for increasing membrane fluidity. The fabA and fabB genes were identified in the X. campestris pv. campestris genome by BLAST analysis; however, the growth of the X. campestris pv. campestris fabA and fabB deletion mutants was comparable to that of the wild-type strain in nutrient and minimal media. The X. campestris pv. campestris Δ fabA and Δ fabB strains produced large quantities of UFAs and, altogether, these results indicated that the FabA-FabB pathway is not essential for growth or UFA synthesis in X. campestris pv. campestris. We also observed that the expression of X. campestris pv. campestris fabA and fabB restored the growth of the temperature-sensitive Escherichia coli fabA and fabB mutants CL104 and CY242, respectively, under non-permissive conditions. The in-vitro assays demonstrated that the FabA and FabB proteins of X. campestris pv. campestris catalyzed FAS. Our study also demonstrated that the production of diffusible signal factor family signals that mediate quorum sensing was higher in the X. campestris pv. campestris Δ fabA and Δ fabB strains and greatly reduced in the complementary strains, which exhibited reduced swimming motility and attenuated host-plant pathogenicity. [ ] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .

Sesame bacterial wilt, caused by the pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum, is a major constraint for continuous cropping. Deciphering the defense mechanisms of sesame is therefore essential to the development of novel and effective control strategies. The Non-expressor of Pathogenesis-Related 1 (NPR1) plays a key role in regulating salicylic acid (SA)-mediated systemic acquired resistance (SAR). In this study, we reported that leaf treatments with 50 μg/mL benzothiadiazole (BTH) resulted in increased protection of sesame against Ralstonia solanacearum. We clarified the structure, expression patterns, and function of a NPR1 homologous gene, SiNPR1, in sesame. The SiNPR1 gene open reading frame comprises 1758 bp, and it encodes 585 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SiNPR1 is closely related to NPR1-like in Olea europaea and clustered with other members of the families Monocotyledon and Dicotyledon. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results demonstrated that the expression of the SiNPR1 gene was organ-specific and could be induced by BTH. The yeast two-hybrid assay confirmed that SiNPR1 directly interacts with SiTGA2. In conclusion, these results suggest that SiNPR1 plays a pivotal role in the BTH-dependent systemic acquired resistance in sesame.