The convergence of Internet of Things (IoT), embedded microcontrollers, and robotics has significantly transformed industrial and service applications under the Industry 5.0 paradigm. IoT-enabled automation not only reduces human intervention but also improves system efficiency, safety, and adaptability across multiple domains. The growing integration of automation technologies in manufacturing lines has significantly reduced human intervention while improving productivity and operational safety. Robotic arms play a crucial role in modern industrial environments, particularly for repetitive, hazardous, or precision-demanding tasks. This study presents a cost-effective robotic arm system for product selection, sorting and processing in automated production lines. The system operates in both automatic and manual modes and utilizes an ESP32-based controller, radio frequency identification (RFID) modules, and low-cost sensors to identify and transport products on a conveyor. A mobile, IoT-enabled interface provides remote real-time monitoring and control, while integrated safety mechanisms, current-voltage protections, and emergency stop circuitry enhance operational reliability. Using cost-effective components to reduce total cost, the system has been successfully validated through experiments to reduce labor dependency and operational errors, proving its scalability and economic viability for industrial automation. Compared to similar systems, this study presents an Industry 5.0 approach for low-cost IoT-based automated production lines.

Organic solar cells are cheaper and easier to produce than inorganic solar cells. In addition, organic solar cells have a wide range of applications due to their flexible structure. However, since the efficiency of organic solar cells is lower than that of inorganic solar cells, studies are carried out to increase efficiency. Maximum power point monitoring studies in solar systems provide improvement in the efficiency of these systems. DC-DC converters are needed for the application of maximum power point tracking algorithms to solar systems. Due to the high output voltages of organic panels, specially designed converters should be used to apply maximum power point algorithms to these panel types. Flyback converters are preferred in high voltage applications because their output circuits are isolated from the input circuits. Considering the advantages of organic panels and high output voltages, a flyback converter design was carried out for organic panels produced by R2R (roll to roll) method in this study. In this way, with the smaller, more powerful, and portable converter, compact devices such as mobile phones and smart watches will be able to be charged with portable, foldable, lightweight organic panels in their environment or in open air environments.

This research employs parametric polynomial techniques to determine the parameters of a dynamic fluid control system. The process of system identification involves constructing a mathematical model of a dynamic system using measured data in the time or frequency domain. The approach involves fitting a polynomial function to the input-output data, with the polynomial parameters representing the unknown parameters of the system. The objective is to estimate these parameters in order to control the system effectively. In this study, aortic, femoral, iliac, carotid, and coronary artery signals were utilized in modeling and testing studies of the flow system during parametric model studies, as the system forms the basis for hemodynamic research. The Autoregressive model with external input (ARX), Autoregressive moving average model with external input (ARMAX), Box-Jenkins (BJ), Output-Error (OE), and State Space Model (SSM) parametric models were utilized in the modeling process, and the transfer function of the most successful parametric model was calculated in the mathematical performance analysis. Flow control devices such as the AC motor and centrifugal pump were employed. The transfer function that exhibited the most successful performance was used in observer design as the Luenberger Controller. An innovative closed-loop control system was achieved using the Luenberger structure.

Doğru akımı (DC) alternatif akıma (AC) dönüştüren invertör tasarımları, kullanım alanına bağlı olarak maliyet, gürültü ve ayarlanabilirlik gibi farklı özelliklerde sistemlere ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Duruma özel uygulamalarla birlikte düşük maliyetli invertör sistemleri ve algoritma tasarımları ile ilgili çalışmalar artmaktadır. Çalışmada düşük maliyetli Mega2560 mikrodenetleyici ve BTS7960S motor kontrol kartı kullanılarak bipolar ve unipolar Sinüzoidal Darbe Genişliği Modülasyon (SPWM) teknikleri deneysel olarak araştırılmış, indüksiyon motoru kontrolü ve hız değişimine etkisi incelenmiştir. Deneylerde düşük maliyetli 24V, 20A güç ünitesi kullanılarak trafo vasıtası ile gerilim yükseltilmiştir. Motor çalışması ve çıkış akımı sinyalleri 10Hz ile 100Hz sinyal frekansı aralığında raporlanarak, çıkış sinyallerinin analizleri yapılmıştır. Her frekans için bipolar ve unipolar toplam harmonik bozulma (THD) ve ortalama kare hatası (RMSE) büyüklükleri hesaplanmaktadır. Düşük maliyetli sistemler kullanılarak bipolar ve unipolar SPWM algoritmalarının her ikisinin de hız kontrolü uygulamalarında kullanılabileceği, unipolar SPWM algoritmasının bipolar SPWM algoritmasına göre daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği gösterilmiştir.