This study focuses on developing a mathematical model to analyse the effects of insecticide application on mosquito populations and the role of community awareness in controlling malaria transmission. The model incorporates factors such as insecticide resistance, mosquito life cycles, and human behaviour to optimize control strategies. The results demonstrate that a combination of targeted insecticide application and community education significantly decreases malaria transmission rates, providing a comprehensive approach to managing this public health challenge. The study revealed that mathematical modelling can effectively predict changes in insecticide susceptibility among mosquito populations. Optimal control strategies were identified, which included targeted insecticide application and community education programs. These strategies significantly reduced the transmission rates of malaria, highlighting the importance of integrating scientific models with public health initiatives.

This study investigates the susceptibility of Anopheles-gambiae mosquitoes to various insecticides and assesses community awareness of malaria. Using modelling and sensitivity analysis, the paper evaluates the effectiveness of different insecticide treatments on mosquito populations. The study also evaluated community awareness and knowledge regarding malaria prevention and control measures. The findings aim to inform public health strategies and improve malaria management in the region. Also, the results highlight critical insights into the resistance patterns of mosquitoes and suggest strategies for enhancing community engagement in malaria reduction efforts. Result of the sensitivity analysis revealed that the expansion of mosquitoes in the community was significantly influenced by the parameters with positive index. As their values increasing, the burden on mosquitoes in the community is reduced by parameters with negative index, which were significant factors affecting insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles-gambiae mosquitoes. Variations in these environmental conditions led to fluctuations in the mosquito’s response to the insecticides. Additionally, based on the findings, it is recommended to implement targeted insecticide resistance management strategies to maintain the efficacy of current control measures. Finally, enhancing community awareness programs on malaria prevention can further aid in reducing transmission rates. Collaboration between local health authorities and researchers is crucial to adapt interventions to the specific needs of the area