A nanocomposite combining the photocatalytic activity of ZnO and TiO₂ with the adsorption capacity of halloysite was developed for the degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP). Characterization was performed by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed uniform dispersion of ZnO and TiO₂ particles on the halloysite surface and the formation of heterojunctions, contributing to efficient adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. XRD and XPS analyses confirmed the presence of Ti⁴⁺ in the anatase phase, supporting the high photocatalytic potential of the synthesized samples. Photodegradation tests of CIP (30 mg L⁻¹) showed that the 5Zn-Ti-Hal sample achieved the highest removal efficiency (71.45%), with a predominance of photocatalysis (42.57%) over adsorption (28.58%). Bioassays demonstrated a significant antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus (50.35% inhibitory effect) and no toxicity to Artemia salina (100% survival). These results indicate that ZnO–TiO₂–halloysite nanocomposites are a promising green technology for aquatic remediation, offering efficient CIP degradation, antibiotic inactivation, and environmental safety.