Background: Oncostatin M, a novel adipokine, plays a role in oogenesis, lipogenesis, and inflammation and may contribute to polycystic ovary syndrome pathogenesis and related metabolic problems. Adipokines are believed to contribute to developing polycystic ovary syndrome and its accompanying metabolic parameters, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases. Methods: In this case–control study, the patients were grouped in a 1:1 ratio into either the polycystic ovary syndrome (n = 32) or the control group (n = 32). Serum levels of fasting glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, white blood cell count, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, total testosterone, prolactin, estradiol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and oncostatin M were analyzed. Results: Oncostatin M levels were significantly lower, but C-reactive protein levels were substantially higher in the polycystic ovary syndrome group than in the control group (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, respectively). Oncostatin M was inversely correlated with total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, and the luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio (ρ = −0.329, p =0.017; ρ = −0.386, p = 0.005; ρ = −0.440, p = 0.001; ρ = −0.316, p = 0.023, respectively). Conversely, there was no correlation between oncostatin M and total testosterone level (ρ = 0.220; p = 0.118). In the context of inflammation and metabolic parameters, oncostatin M was inversely correlated with C-reactive protein, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance score, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ρ = −0.353, p = 0.019; ρ = −0.275, p = 0.048; ρ = −0.470, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Plasma oncostatin M levels were considerably lower in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome than in the control group, and this was inversely correlated with the hormonal and metabolic parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome. Thus, oncostatin M may be a novel therapeutic target for polycystic ovary syndrome and its metabolic parameters.

Background/aim: Laparoscopic surgery has become the preferred minimally invasive technique for both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in gynecology. Although it is associated with lower overall complication rates compared to open surgery, most serious complications occur during the initial step of abdominal entry. Therefore, developing faster and safer entry methods is critical to improving surgical outcomes. This study aimed to compare the surgical results of the Median Umbilical Ligament Lift-Up (MULU) technique routinely used in our clinic with the commonly preferred Veress needle (VN) entry technique. Materials and methods: This randomized, controlled, prospective study included 124 patients: 64 underwent abdominal entry with the MULU technique and 60 with the VN technique. Demographic data such as age, BMI, obstetric and surgical history, and menopausal status were recorded. Key perioperative outcomes, including abdominal entry time, number of attempts, insufflation failure, vascular or visceral injury, bleeding at the trocar site, infection, hematoma, and hernia were documented and analyzed. Results: The VN group had a significantly higher mean age (50.03 years) compared to the MULU group (45.42 years) (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in height, weight, or BMI. The MULU technique demonstrated a significantly shorter mean entry time (71.5 vs. 146.3 seconds; p<0.05). Extraperitoneal insufflation occurred in 6.7% of VN cases and was absent in the MULU group (p=0.036). Gastric or intestinal injury occurred in 3.3% of VN patients, with none observed in the MULU group. Omental injury was seen only in the MULU group (3.1%). No significant differences were found in vascular injury, bleeding, or prior surgical history. Conclusions: The MULU technique, based on anatomical guidance via the median umbilical ligament, is a safe and effective method for abdominal entry. It offers faster access and may reduce the risk of major complications, making it a viable alternative to conventional techniques.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication that may influence the intrauterine metabolic environment and neonatal glucose regul

Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively analyze myomectomy cases performed in our clinic using laparotomic and laparoscopic techniques, and to compare the effects of both surgical approaches on various clinical and surgical outcomes. Materials and methods: Patient records of myomectomy operations performed between 2015 and 2025 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Balıkesir University Faculty of Medicine, were reviewed. A total of 213 patients were included, comprising 140 laparoscopic and 73 laparotomic cases. The data such as patient age, number and size of removed myomas, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels, postoperative additional analgesic requirements, length of hospital stay and complication rates will be analyzed to evaluate the advantages of each method in terms of patient comfort and surgical efficacy. Results: The mean age of patients undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy was significantly higher than those in the laparotomic group ( p < 0.001). The laparoscopic group demonstrated a significantly shorter hospital stay compared to the laparotomic group ( p < 0.001). Preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels did not differ significantly between the groups. The number of removed myomas was similar; however, the mean myoma diameter was significantly larger in the laparotomic group ( p < 0.001). Postoperative opioid use was significantly higher in the laparotomic group ( p = 0.01). Larger and more numerous myomas were independently associated with a higher likelihood of laparotomy over laparoscopy ( p < 0.001). Among laparoscopic cases, only four required conversion to laparotomy (%2,9) and a single bladder injury was observed. Conclusion: Laparoscopic myomectomy provides considerable advantages over laparotomic myomectomy, including reduced hospital stay and lower postoperative analgesic requirements. While laparotomy remains preferable for larger myomas, laparoscopic approaches yield comparable outcomes in terms of hemoglobin levels and complication rates. With appropriate patient selection, laparoscopic myomectomy is a preferred surgical method due to its positive impact on patient recovery, comfort and overall surgical efficacy.

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an extramedullary accumulation of proliferating myeloblasts, most commonly seen in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but rarely associated with chronic myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, or myeloproliferative neoplasms. The skin is the most frequent site of extramedullary relapse, followed by the mediastinum, gingiva, ear, lymph nodes, central nervous system, and testis. We report a case of a 38‐year‐old female who presented to our clinic with abnormal vaginal bleeding. She had a history of bone marrow transplantation 5 years ago for AML. Based on clinical suspicion, a cervical biopsy was performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of GS. Although GS involving the female reproductive tract is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abnormal gynecologic symptoms in patients with a history of AML.

Objectives: To evaluate appendectomy specimen findings and their association with tumor type and stage. Concurrent appendectomy is frequently performed during gynecologic oncology surgery to prevent postoperative appendicitis and detect occult pathology, yet its value remains debated. Methods: In this study, we reviewed the medical records of 300 women who underwent gynecologic oncologic surgery accompanied by appendectomy at Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital (Istanbul, Türkiye) over the period from July 2020 to April 2025. Clinical, surgical, andhistopathologic data were collected. Appendiceal pathologies were categorized as reactive hyperplasia, chronic inflammation, benign neoplasms, metastatic tumors, or primary. Statistical analyses included chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA. Results: Participants had an average age of 55.6 ± 13.4 years, and 61.7% of them were postmenopausal. Among ovarian tumors, malignant epithelial lesions represented 54.7% of cases, while borderline tumors accounted for 17.7% and benign tumors for 17%. Histopathology revealed chronic inflammation in 40.7%, reactive changes in 34.3%, metastatic disease in 23.3%, benign neoplasms in 1.3%, and primary malignancy in 0.3%. Metastases occurred only in malignant ovarian tumors (35.7%), predominantly high-grade serous carcinomas (p < 0.001). Borderline and benign tumors were mainly associated with reactive findings, and no metastatic involvement was detected. Conclusion: Concurrent appendectomy during gynecologic oncology surgery is safe and frequently reveals clinically relevant pathology. Appendectomy should be encouraged during cytoreduction, while its role in benign and early-stage cases warrants further investigation.