In the context of Morocco’s rich biodiversity and pressing environmental challenges, this paper delves into the intricate dynamics of sustainable development in the country. With a focus on biodiversity conservation, water scarcity, climate change impacts, anthropogenic pressures, and energy resource management, Morocco is navigating ecosolutions and sustainable development. This research highlights the critical importance of biodiversity conservation efforts in preserving the nation’s diverse ecosystems while contributing to national development. Challenges such as forest reduction, agricultural water stress, and declining mammal diversity underscore the urgency of conservation actions. Climate change exacerbates issues in oases, impacting agricultural yields and ecosystem health. This paper also addresses the management of mineral resources and waste production, which pose significant challenges to environmental sustainability. Through strategic policies, international engagements, and capacity-building initiatives, Morocco is striving to achieve resilience and sustainability in the face of evolving global dynamics. By integrating governance, environmental diplomacy, and multilateral cooperation, Morocco is laying a robust foundation for economic growth, social progress, and environmental protection. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of Morocco’s environmental challenges, innovative solutions, and commitment to sustainable development in a rapidly changing world.

As recently created, the landfill site of Oujda, Morocco receives an annual flow of municipal solid wastes of 140000 tons. It became clear that the leachate storage ponds were undersized compared to the actually emanating flows. With no adequate treatment, the storage time of leachates in deep...

The physicochemical and bacteriological quality of groundwater was assessed to show the impact of the agriculture and human activities in the Triffa Plain located in North-East of Morocco. The current levels of contamination of the groundwater were estimated by analysing electrical conductivity, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, orthophosphate, and indicators of faecal pollution content. Water samples from 55 locations were collected during two period of time, the wet and the dry season of the year 2016. Result obtained indicated that most samples are highly contaminated. The electrical conductivity varied from 800 to 9 100 μS∙cm⁻¹. Nitrate levels ranged from 25 to 216 mg·dm⁻³, with 78% of samples exceeding the critical level value set at 50 mg·dm⁻³. Nitrate concentrations are slightly higher during the wet period in 73% of studied cases. Nitrite rarely exceeded the normal rate fixed by World Health Organization and reached 0.90 mg·dm⁻³. Ammonia and orthophosphate contents do not exceed these norms. The study revealed a wide contamination of groundwater by microbial agents such as, total coliforms, faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci, with content ranged from 0 to 14 000, 0 to 5 000 and 0 to 5 000 CFU·(100 cm³)⁻¹ respectively, confirming the impact of septic tanks, wastewater discharge into rivers without treatment, and the use of animal waste on the ground water vulnerability. Samplings and measurements were carried out according to the international standard ISO 13395, ISO 11732 and ISO 15681-2 for chemical compounds and ISO 9308-1 and ISO 7899-2 for microbiological numerations.

Morocco is currently facing significant challenges due to the ever–changing climate, with its critical water sources crucial for agriculture, economy, and daily life being greatly affected. In order to thoroughly understand the impact of climate change on the Ghis–Nekor watershed, an...

During the last decade, the Grand Agadir has faced a huge production of solid waste, similarly to all other Moroccan cities. Indeed, these solid wastes are composed of the organic matter fraction in 77%. This solid waste is buried in the landfill of Tamelast, which, with its undersized leachate...