Background: Cirrhosis represents the final common pathway of chronic liver injury, arising from diverse etiologies such as metabolic, viral, autoimmune, and alcohol-related liver diseases. Despite similar exposures, disease progression varies considerably among individuals, suggesting a genetic contribution to susceptibility and outcome. Objective: This narrative review examines how specific genetic variants influence the risk, progression, and phenotypic expression of cirrhosis. It provides a structured synthesis of established and emerging gene associations, emphasizing their biological mechanisms and potential clinical relevance. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes evidence from all major biomedical and scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as reference lists of relevant articles, covering literature published between 2005 and 2025 on genetic polymorphisms associated with cirrhosis and its etiological subtypes. Content: Variants are categorized into four mechanistic domains—metabolic regulation, immune modulation, liver enzyme activity, and ancestry-linked expression patterns—representing a novel integrative framework for understanding genetic risk in cirrhosis. Well-characterized variants such as PNPLA3, TM6SF2, HSD17B13, and MBOAT7, along with less commonly studied loci and chromosomal alterations, are discussed in relation to major etiologies, including MASLD/MASH, viral hepatitis, alcohol-related liver disease, and autoimmune conditions. Conclusions: Genetic insights into cirrhosis offer pathways toward early risk stratification and personalized disease management. While polygenic risk scores and multi-omic integration show promise, their clinical translation remains exploratory and requires further validation through large-scale prospective studies.

The 2025 Annual Congress of the International Liver Transplantation Society (ILTS), themed “ Advancing Liver Transplantation: Embracing Innovation for the Future ,” was held from May 28 to 31 in Singapore. The meeting offered a comprehensive scientific program, featuring 92 sessions and 7 pre-congress workshops spanning living donor liver transplantation, advanced surgery, anesthesia and critical care, transplant oncology and immunology, basic science, pediatrics, and more. The program emphasized collaboration and innovation to advance patient outcomes in liver transplantation. In this report, the ILTS Vanguard Committee summarizes the key proceedings of the congress.

Retained intrauterine devices and abdominal actinomycosis, diagnostic challenges from a case series - Facts, Views and Vision in ObGyn