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Changes in pollution pressure exerted on the Rocha River in Bolivia from diffuse sources were assessed using potential non-point pollution indexes (PNPI) for 1997 and 2017. PNPI is a simple, low-effort, time- and resource-saving method suitable for data-scarce regions, as it works at catchment level with commonly available geographical data. Land use type (obtained by Landsat imagery classification), runoff (determined by runoff coefficient characterisation) and distance to river network (calculated at perpendicular distance) were each transformed into corresponding indicators to determine their relative importance in generating pollution. Weighted sum, a multi-criteria analysis tool in the GIS environment, was used to combine indicators with weighting values. Different weighting values were assigned to each of the indicators resulting in a set of six equations. The results showed that higher PNPI values corresponded to human settlements with high population density, higher runoff values and shorter distance to river network, while lower PNPI values corresponded to semi-natural land use type, lower runoff coefficient and longer distances to river. PNPI values were positively correlated with measured nitrate and phosphate concentrations at six sub-catchment outlets. The correlation was statistical significant for phosphate in 2017. Maps were produced to identify priority source areas that are more likely to generate pollution, which is important information for future management.
Benjamin Gossweiler; Ingrid Wesström; Ingmar Messing; Mauricio Villazón; Abraham Joel. Impact of Land Use Change on Non-Point Source Pollution in a Semi-Arid Catchment under Rapid Urbanisation in Bolivia. Water 2021, 13, 410 .
AMA StyleBenjamin Gossweiler, Ingrid Wesström, Ingmar Messing, Mauricio Villazón, Abraham Joel. Impact of Land Use Change on Non-Point Source Pollution in a Semi-Arid Catchment under Rapid Urbanisation in Bolivia. Water. 2021; 13 (4):410.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamin Gossweiler; Ingrid Wesström; Ingmar Messing; Mauricio Villazón; Abraham Joel. 2021. "Impact of Land Use Change on Non-Point Source Pollution in a Semi-Arid Catchment under Rapid Urbanisation in Bolivia." Water 13, no. 4: 410.
Maintenance of agricultural drainage ditches can be difficult to optimize if farmers have no guidelines on where to target their maintenance efforts. A main concern is whether ditch banks will experience soil erosion or mass movement (failure). In order to help identify sites that are more likely to experience soil erosion and/or mass movement, soil susceptibility to detachment was assessed in this study using a cohesive strength meter (CSM) and measurements of shear strength in unsaturated direct shear tests. The results showed that soil roots play an important role in stabilizing ditch banks against mass movement and in reducing the rate of soil detachment. A positive stabilizing effect was detected by CSM and confirmed by shear strength measurements. The conclusion is that native vegetation should be maintained on ditch banks, instead of being removed during maintenance work as is currently the case.
Daniel Aviles; Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel. Effect of Vegetation Removal on Soil Erosion and Bank Stability in Agricultural Drainage Ditches. Land 2020, 9, 441 .
AMA StyleDaniel Aviles, Ingrid Wesström, Abraham Joel. Effect of Vegetation Removal on Soil Erosion and Bank Stability in Agricultural Drainage Ditches. Land. 2020; 9 (11):441.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Aviles; Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel. 2020. "Effect of Vegetation Removal on Soil Erosion and Bank Stability in Agricultural Drainage Ditches." Land 9, no. 11: 441.
Drainage management is important in intensification of irrigated paddy rice production. This study assessed the effects of drainage intensity on water and nitrogen use efficiency and rice grain yield in a field experiment conducted during three seasons in Rwanda. The experiment comprised 12 plots with four blocks and three treatments: DS0.6 (0.6 m deep drain), DD11.2 (1.2 m deep drain, control structure open four times per week), and DD21.2 (1.2 m deep drain, control structure open two times per week). Outflow was calculated from water balance. Nitrogen (N) content in drainage water was determined weekly. Crop yield and N uptake were determined in grain and straw. In all seasons, grain yield was 61–131% higher, crop N uptake was 24–90% higher, harvest index (HI) was 24–65% higher and water use efficiency (WUE) was 50–150% higher in treatments DD11.2 and DD21.2 than in DS0.6. There was a decrease in soil carbon/nitrogen ratio at the end of Seasons 2 and 3. Recirculating straw to fields is thus necessary to replenish SOC for long-term soil fertility. A practical implication of the study is that managed deep drainage systems could enhance water use efficiency and rice grain yield in poorly drained paddy fields.
Olive Tuyishime; Abraham Joel; Ingmar Messing; Francois Naramabuye; Muthiah Sankaranarayanan; Ingrid Wesström. Effects of drainage intensity on water and nitrogen use efficiency and rice grain yield in a semi-arid marshland in Rwanda. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2020, 70, 1 -16.
AMA StyleOlive Tuyishime, Abraham Joel, Ingmar Messing, Francois Naramabuye, Muthiah Sankaranarayanan, Ingrid Wesström. Effects of drainage intensity on water and nitrogen use efficiency and rice grain yield in a semi-arid marshland in Rwanda. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2020; 70 (7):1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlive Tuyishime; Abraham Joel; Ingmar Messing; Francois Naramabuye; Muthiah Sankaranarayanan; Ingrid Wesström. 2020. "Effects of drainage intensity on water and nitrogen use efficiency and rice grain yield in a semi-arid marshland in Rwanda." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 70, no. 7: 1-16.
Increasing pressures caused by human activities pose a major threat to water availability and quality worldwide. Water resources have been declining in many catchments during recent decades. This study investigated patterns of river water quality status in a peri-urban/rural catchment in Bolivia in relation to land use during a 26 year period. Satellite images were used to determine changes in land use. To assess water quality, data in the dry season from former studies (1991–2014), complemented with newly collected data (2017), were analysed using the National Sanitation Foundation-Water Quality Index method and the Implicit Pollution Index method. The highest rates of relative increase in land use area were observed for forest, urban, and peri-urban areas, whereas relative decreases were observed for water infiltration zones, bare soil, shrubland, and grassland areas. The water quality indices revealed clear water quality deterioration over time, and from catchment headwaters to outlet. Statistical analyses revealed a significant relationship between decreasing water quality and urban expansion. These results demonstrate the need for an effective control programme, preferably based on water quality index approaches as in the present study and including continuous monitoring of runoff water, mitigation of pollution, and water quality restoration, in order to achieve proper water management and quality.
Benjamin Gossweiler; Ingrid Wesström; Ingmar Messing; Ana Maria Romero; Abraham Joel. Spatial and Temporal Variations in Water Quality and Land Use in a Semi-Arid Catchment in Bolivia. Water 2019, 11, 2227 .
AMA StyleBenjamin Gossweiler, Ingrid Wesström, Ingmar Messing, Ana Maria Romero, Abraham Joel. Spatial and Temporal Variations in Water Quality and Land Use in a Semi-Arid Catchment in Bolivia. Water. 2019; 11 (11):2227.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamin Gossweiler; Ingrid Wesström; Ingmar Messing; Ana Maria Romero; Abraham Joel. 2019. "Spatial and Temporal Variations in Water Quality and Land Use in a Semi-Arid Catchment in Bolivia." Water 11, no. 11: 2227.
Increased use of irrigation on semi-arid sandy soils requires optimisation of irrigation and fertilisation practices to reduce water and nitrogen (N) losses. Field experiments were conducted on a semi-arid loamy sandy soil in two consecutive cropping periods, one in a cold-dry season (CP-cd) and one in a hot-wet season (CP-hw). The effects of individual treatment factors and their interactions, including two different irrigation methods (furrow – F or drip – D), two irrigation levels (full – If or reduced – Ir) and two top dressing N fertiliser types (quick – Nq or slow – Ns release), on water and N distribution in the soil profile, potential water fluxes to the zone below the roots and N losses from the 0–90 cm soil profile were studied. The concentrations of NO3-N and NH4-N in soil water (from suction cups) and soil (from bulk soil samples) tended to be higher at greater depth in the treatments with lower soil water tension, resulting from the interactions between the factors F or D with If and Nq, most probably resulting from net downward redistribution of N. The IrNs treatments resulted in longer soil water NO3-N and NH4-N residence time at 30 and 60 cm depth, and throughout the two cropping periods NO3-N was higher in Ns than in Nq treatments. Potential faster downward water flux, and thus water losses and the N leaching risk, was concentrated to the first 50–75 days after sowing in FIr and DIr treatments, while it was spread throughout the cropping periods in FIf and DIf. Hence, treatments FIfNq and DIfNq in both CP-cd and CP-hw resulted in the highest estimated N losses from the 0–90 cm soil profile. Based on these results, a combination of D irrigation, Ir irrigation level and Ns fertiliser type should preferably be applied, to avoid the risk of excessive water losses, downward N redistribution and subsequent leaching.
Mario Chilundo; Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Rui Brito; Ingmar Messing. Influence of irrigation and fertilisation management on the seasonal distribution of water and nitrogen in a semi-arid loamy sandy soil. Agricultural Water Management 2018, 199, 120 -137.
AMA StyleMario Chilundo, Abraham Joel, Ingrid Wesström, Rui Brito, Ingmar Messing. Influence of irrigation and fertilisation management on the seasonal distribution of water and nitrogen in a semi-arid loamy sandy soil. Agricultural Water Management. 2018; 199 ():120-137.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMario Chilundo; Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Rui Brito; Ingmar Messing. 2018. "Influence of irrigation and fertilisation management on the seasonal distribution of water and nitrogen in a semi-arid loamy sandy soil." Agricultural Water Management 199, no. : 120-137.
Poor maintenance, environmental concerns, land use changes, and adaptation to climate change are creating a growing need for better agricultural drainage. The objectives of this study were to identify ditch properties that can be evaluated visually on-site and related soil erosion processes, and to define parameters requiring more intensive study and estimate these using simplified methods. The study included surveys of ditches in various soils using MADRAS (Minnesota Agricultural Ditch Research Assessment for Stability) to classify ditch status. To explain why some ditch segments were in poor condition, additional field and laboratory studies were carried out. Soil samples were taken for analysis of particle size distribution, unsaturated direct shear strength, and critical stress for erosion. The HEC-RAS data model was used for simulation of hydraulic forces acting at different flow rates. Digital maps of land use in the catchment area in different years were used to estimate changes in runoff conditions over time. MADRAS proved to be a suitable tool for rapid assessment of stability problems in ditches. The HEC-RAS simulations were a good complement to MADRAS in assessing how changes in land use affected the hydraulic load and in highlighting bottlenecks in the system. However, the hydraulic load did not adequately explain the degree of degradation in some ditch segments. Measurements of soil shear strength were a good aid to understanding existing degradation. Thus, assessment of soil erodibility and bank stability is essential in anticipating the risk of future erosion processes in ditches. Keywords: Cohesive strength meter, HEC-RAS, MADRAS, Unsaturated direct shear strength.
Daniel Bernardo Aviles Ribera; Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel. Status Assessment of Agricultural Drainage Ditches. Transactions of the ASABE 2018, 61, 263 -271.
AMA StyleDaniel Bernardo Aviles Ribera, Ingrid Wesström, Abraham Joel. Status Assessment of Agricultural Drainage Ditches. Transactions of the ASABE. 2018; 61 (1):263-271.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Bernardo Aviles Ribera; Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel. 2018. "Status Assessment of Agricultural Drainage Ditches." Transactions of the ASABE 61, no. 1: 263-271.
E. Magaia; S. Famba; Ingrid Wesström; R. Brito; A. Joel. Modelling maize yield response to plant density and water and nitrogen supply in a semi-arid region. Field Crops Research 2017, 205, 170 -181.
AMA StyleE. Magaia, S. Famba, Ingrid Wesström, R. Brito, A. Joel. Modelling maize yield response to plant density and water and nitrogen supply in a semi-arid region. Field Crops Research. 2017; 205 ():170-181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Magaia; S. Famba; Ingrid Wesström; R. Brito; A. Joel. 2017. "Modelling maize yield response to plant density and water and nitrogen supply in a semi-arid region." Field Crops Research 205, no. : 170-181.
Mario Chilundo; Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Rui Brito; Ingmar Messing. Response of maize root growth to irrigation and nitrogen management strategies in semi-arid loamy sandy soil. Field Crops Research 2017, 200, 143 -162.
AMA StyleMario Chilundo, Abraham Joel, Ingrid Wesström, Rui Brito, Ingmar Messing. Response of maize root growth to irrigation and nitrogen management strategies in semi-arid loamy sandy soil. Field Crops Research. 2017; 200 ():143-162.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMario Chilundo; Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Rui Brito; Ingmar Messing. 2017. "Response of maize root growth to irrigation and nitrogen management strategies in semi-arid loamy sandy soil." Field Crops Research 200, no. : 143-162.
Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel; Daniel Avilés. Status assessment of agricultural drainage ditches. 2016 10th International Drainage Symposium 2016, 1 -9.
AMA StyleIngrid Wesström, Abraham Joel, Daniel Avilés. Status assessment of agricultural drainage ditches. 2016 10th International Drainage Symposium. 2016; ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIngrid Wesström; Abraham Joel; Daniel Avilés. 2016. "Status assessment of agricultural drainage ditches." 2016 10th International Drainage Symposium , no. : 1-9.
Quantification of the interactive effects of irrigation water and nitrogen (N) fertiliser on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) provides an important insight for more effective water and N management. This study evaluated the effects of different irrigation and N fertiliser management options on water flux, N uptake, NUE and maize grain yield in a semi-arid loamy sand in Mozambique. The experiments were carried out in field plots in two consecutive cropping periods (CP’s) representing contrasting growing seasons: a hot-wet season (CP-1) and a cold-dry season (CP-2). The treatments included two irrigation methods (furrow and drip), two irrigation levels (75 and 100% of the crop water requirement), and two distinct N fertiliser types (a quick-release and slow-release urea) arranged in a randomised complete block design. In both CP-1 and CP-2, NUE tended to be higher for the 75% irrigation level, regardless of irrigation method and N fertiliser type. Higher NUE was generally observed in CP-2 than in CP-1. The highest grain NUE (41.6 kg kg−1 N) was observed in CP-2 under furrow irrigation combined with 75% irrigation level and quick-release N fertiliser. Slow-release N fertiliser did not improve N uptake, NUE or maize yield. Potential N losses were assumed to be higher in CP-1 than in CP-2, associated with higher estimated deep percolation volumes in CP-1 (mean 127 mm) than in CP-2 (mean 12 mm). In CP-1, deep percolation events mainly coincided with high rainfall events. Furrow irrigation tended to give higher NUE than drip irrigation, especially in CP-2. Reducing of irrigation level by 25% tended to increase N uptake, NUE and maize yield for both CP-1 and CP-2. The effects of slow-release N fertiliser and drip irrigation were inconclusive.
Mario Chilundo; Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Rui Brito; Ingmar Messing. Effects of reduced irrigation dose and slow release fertiliser on nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield in a semi-arid loamy sand. Agricultural Water Management 2016, 168, 68 -77.
AMA StyleMario Chilundo, Abraham Joel, Ingrid Wesström, Rui Brito, Ingmar Messing. Effects of reduced irrigation dose and slow release fertiliser on nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield in a semi-arid loamy sand. Agricultural Water Management. 2016; 168 ():68-77.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMario Chilundo; Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Rui Brito; Ingmar Messing. 2016. "Effects of reduced irrigation dose and slow release fertiliser on nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield in a semi-arid loamy sand." Agricultural Water Management 168, no. : 68-77.
Barbro Ulén; Maria Stenberg; Ingrid Wesström. Use of a flashiness index to predict phosphorus losses from subsurface drains on a Swedish farm with clay soils. Journal of Hydrology 2016, 533, 581 -590.
AMA StyleBarbro Ulén, Maria Stenberg, Ingrid Wesström. Use of a flashiness index to predict phosphorus losses from subsurface drains on a Swedish farm with clay soils. Journal of Hydrology. 2016; 533 ():581-590.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarbro Ulén; Maria Stenberg; Ingrid Wesström. 2016. "Use of a flashiness index to predict phosphorus losses from subsurface drains on a Swedish farm with clay soils." Journal of Hydrology 533, no. : 581-590.
The first step in evaluating phosphorus (P) loss risks should be to investigate the topsoil, which is generally considered a source of P transport via macropore flow. A procedure is presented for in situ measurement of hydraulic response times, critical water outflow rates, as well as turbidity (T), sediment (SC), and total phosphorus (Ptot) concentrations in outflowing soil water solution from the upper half meter of a clay soil. The method applies to a range of controlled experimental rainfall intensities from a drip infiltrometer, and a zero-tension collection tray located at 0.5 m depth through which percolating water/sediment solution is sampled. Reasonable positive relationships were observed between T, SC, and Ptot versus steady output flow rates (qs). Dependencies were strong between Ptot and each of qs and T, and weaker between Ptot and SC. The methods require further validation and will be further developed in upcoming studies.
Ingmar Messing; Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel; Jeffrey Strock. In Situ Method for Measuring Water Fluxes and Sediment and Phosphorus Yields at High Drip Infiltrometer Intensities in the Upper Half Meter of a Tilled Clay Soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2015, 46, 2139 -2151.
AMA StyleIngmar Messing, Ingrid Wesström, Abraham Joel, Jeffrey Strock. In Situ Method for Measuring Water Fluxes and Sediment and Phosphorus Yields at High Drip Infiltrometer Intensities in the Upper Half Meter of a Tilled Clay Soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 2015; 46 (17):2139-2151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIngmar Messing; Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel; Jeffrey Strock. 2015. "In Situ Method for Measuring Water Fluxes and Sediment and Phosphorus Yields at High Drip Infiltrometer Intensities in the Upper Half Meter of a Tilled Clay Soil." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 46, no. 17: 2139-2151.
Leaching losses of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) from arable land can be high, with N and P contributing significantly to the eutrophication of lakes and coastal waters. This study examined whether agriculture management and drain repair changed the chemical properties of shallow groundwater and affected nutrient leaching in the field. The hydrology of a subsurface-drained agricultural observation field included in the Swedish water quality monitoring programme was simulated for the period 1976–2006 using the process-based, field-scale model DRAINMOD. On the assumption that the drainage system operated similarly before and after repair, 54% more water was assigned to low-moderate flow events. Measured concentrations of sulphate-sulphur (SO4-S), sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and potassium (K) were significantly lower in shallow groundwater in the period before drainage system repair (1980–1998) than afterwards (1998–2010). The concentrations were also significantly correlated with the corresponding concentrations in near-simultaneously sampled drain water. A similar connection was not observed for Na and Cl in the period before drain repair. Elevated concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) were recorded both in shallow groundwater and in drainage water from 1998 to 2010, especially after incorporation of chicken manure into the soil in 1998. Based on simulated discharge (assuming a functioning measuring station throughout), estimated flow-weighted mean NO3-N concentration in drainage water increased from 5.6 mg L−1 (1977–1998) to 15.7 mg L−1 in the period 1998–2000. Simultaneously, mean NO3-N concentration in shallow groundwater increased from 0.2 to 4.0 mg L−1, and then to 4.8 mg L−1 in the period 2000–2012. It was estimated that after drain repair, a greater proportion of infiltrated NO3-N entered the receiving stream directly via the outlet of the tile drainage system close to the field's monitoring station than was the case before repair.
Ingrid Wesström; Barbro Ulén; Abraham Joel; Göran Johansson; Lovisa Stjernman Forsberg. Effects of tile drainage repair on nutrient leaching from a field under ordinary cultivation in Sweden. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2015, 65, 228 -238.
AMA StyleIngrid Wesström, Barbro Ulén, Abraham Joel, Göran Johansson, Lovisa Stjernman Forsberg. Effects of tile drainage repair on nutrient leaching from a field under ordinary cultivation in Sweden. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2015; 65 (sup2):228-238.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIngrid Wesström; Barbro Ulén; Abraham Joel; Göran Johansson; Lovisa Stjernman Forsberg. 2015. "Effects of tile drainage repair on nutrient leaching from a field under ordinary cultivation in Sweden." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 65, no. sup2: 228-238.
In climate change scenarios, the frequency of high-intensity rain events in Sweden is assumed to increase. In a plot experiment at Ultuna, Uppsala, the influence of rain intensities on phosphorus (P) transport in the uppermost 0.5 m of a clay soil was studied at 16 locations. A rain simulator, 0.5 × 0.5 m and mounted 1 m above the soil surface, was used to simulate 85–500 min rain sequences causing small (4–9 mm h−1) and large (22–28 mm h−1 and one extreme at 37 mm h−1) steady water fluxes (intensity) in the underlying soil profile. Water percolated to a zero-tension collector tray at 0.5 m depth where drain water and its sediment load was sampled at discrete time intervals. The total P (TP) mass flux ranged, at low intensity, between 12–92 μg m−2 min−1 (average 28.1 μg m−2 min−1) and, at high intensity, between 83–375 μg m−2 min−1 (average 168.5 μg m−2 min−1) and 648 μg m−2 min−1 at the extreme intensity. The soluble reactive (inorganic) P (SRP) mass flux ranged, at low intensity, between 1–65 μg m−2 min−1 (average 10.0 μg m−2 min−1) and, at high intensity, between 6–205 μg m−2 min−1 (average 47.9 μg m−2 min−1) and 495 μg m−2 min−1 at the extreme intensity. Thus, in the intensity range 4–28 mm h−1, TP and SRP increased, on average, by approximately 12% (μg m−2 min−1) per unit increase in intensity (mm h−1). The results of this study demonstrate increased sediment and P loss/mobility for clay soil under increased precipitation intensity predicted under climate change.
Ingmar Messing; Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Jeffrey Strock. Influence of higher rain intensities on phosphorus movements in the upper half meter of macroporous clay soil. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2015, 65, 93 -99.
AMA StyleIngmar Messing, Abraham Joel, Ingrid Wesström, Jeffrey Strock. Influence of higher rain intensities on phosphorus movements in the upper half meter of macroporous clay soil. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2015; 65 (sup1):93-99.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIngmar Messing; Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Jeffrey Strock. 2015. "Influence of higher rain intensities on phosphorus movements in the upper half meter of macroporous clay soil." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 65, no. sup1: 93-99.
Abraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Ingmar Messing. A tool for assessing the status of drainage ditches and the need for remedial measures. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2015, 65, 100 -109.
AMA StyleAbraham Joel, Ingrid Wesström, Ingmar Messing. A tool for assessing the status of drainage ditches and the need for remedial measures. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2015; 65 (sup1):100-109.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbraham Joel; Ingrid Wesström; Ingmar Messing. 2015. "A tool for assessing the status of drainage ditches and the need for remedial measures." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 65, no. sup1: 100-109.
Johannes Deelstra; Ingrid Wesström. Preface. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2015, 65, 1 -1.
AMA StyleJohannes Deelstra, Ingrid Wesström. Preface. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2015; 65 (sup1):1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohannes Deelstra; Ingrid Wesström. 2015. "Preface." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 65, no. sup1: 1-1.
Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel; Ingmar Messing. Controlled drainage and subirrigation – A water management option to reduce non-point source pollution from agricultural land. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2014, 198, 74 -82.
AMA StyleIngrid Wesström, Abraham Joel, Ingmar Messing. Controlled drainage and subirrigation – A water management option to reduce non-point source pollution from agricultural land. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2014; 198 ():74-82.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIngrid Wesström; Abraham Joel; Ingmar Messing. 2014. "Controlled drainage and subirrigation – A water management option to reduce non-point source pollution from agricultural land." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 198, no. : 74-82.
Barbro Ulén; Ingrid Wesström; Göran Johansson; Lovisa Stjernman Forsberg. Recession of phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in tile drainage water after high poultry manure applications in two consecutive years. Agricultural Water Management 2014, 146, 208 -217.
AMA StyleBarbro Ulén, Ingrid Wesström, Göran Johansson, Lovisa Stjernman Forsberg. Recession of phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in tile drainage water after high poultry manure applications in two consecutive years. Agricultural Water Management. 2014; 146 ():208-217.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarbro Ulén; Ingrid Wesström; Göran Johansson; Lovisa Stjernman Forsberg. 2014. "Recession of phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in tile drainage water after high poultry manure applications in two consecutive years." Agricultural Water Management 146, no. : 208-217.
Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) loading from a 734 ha coastal watershed draining into the Baltic Sea off south-east Sweden was simulated using a simple modelling approach in which the nitrogen model DRAINMOD-N II and a temperature-dependent NO3-N removal equation were incorporated into the Arc Hydro-DRAINMOD framework. Hydrology and water quality data collected during six periods between 2003 and 2007 were used to test Arc Hydro-DRAINMOD and its performance was evaluated by considering uncertainty in model parameters using GLUE methodology. The GLUE estimates (5th and 95th percentiles) and calculated monthly NO3-N loads were in satisfactory agreement. There are some sources of errors that may affect the performance of the framework, such as NO3-N load calculations, soil denitrification and in-stream removal of NO3-N. Although additional measurements may help to improve the understanding of these processes and reduce uncertainty, they cannot completely eliminate the uncertainty in framework predictions. These uncertainties must be evaluated by some methodology, such as the GLUE procedure. Sensitivity analysis showed the framework to be most sensitive to changes in stream baseflow and N removal processes in the stream network. These results show that the Arc Hydro-DRAINMOD framework can be an effective tool to support water stakeholders in managing NO3-N loading from small tile-drained watersheds at monthly time step.
Osvaldo Salazar; Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel; Mohamed A. Youssef. Application of an integrated framework for estimating nitrate loads from a coastal watershed in south-east Sweden. Agricultural Water Management 2013, 129, 56 -68.
AMA StyleOsvaldo Salazar, Ingrid Wesström, Abraham Joel, Mohamed A. Youssef. Application of an integrated framework for estimating nitrate loads from a coastal watershed in south-east Sweden. Agricultural Water Management. 2013; 129 ():56-68.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOsvaldo Salazar; Ingrid Wesström; Abraham Joel; Mohamed A. Youssef. 2013. "Application of an integrated framework for estimating nitrate loads from a coastal watershed in south-east Sweden." Agricultural Water Management 129, no. : 56-68.
Ingrid Wesström; G. Ekbohm; H. Linnér And I. Messing. APPLICATION OF RECESSION ANALYSIS ON SUBSURFACE OUTFLOW FROM CONTROLLED DRAINAGE. Drainage VIII, 21-24 March 2004 2013, 1 .
AMA StyleIngrid Wesström, G. Ekbohm, H. Linnér And I. Messing. APPLICATION OF RECESSION ANALYSIS ON SUBSURFACE OUTFLOW FROM CONTROLLED DRAINAGE. Drainage VIII, 21-24 March 2004. 2013; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIngrid Wesström; G. Ekbohm; H. Linnér And I. Messing. 2013. "APPLICATION OF RECESSION ANALYSIS ON SUBSURFACE OUTFLOW FROM CONTROLLED DRAINAGE." Drainage VIII, 21-24 March 2004 , no. : 1.