Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is a relevant pest affecting berries and stone fruits globally, including in the Neotropical region, where its invasion was reported about a decade ago. Despite chemical control being the main management method for D. suzukii, data on insecticide susceptibility in Neotropical D. suzukii populations are scarce. Here, we assessed the susceptibility of three field-collected Brazilian D. suzukii populations to four insecticides (i.e., deltamethrin, permethrin, spinetoram, imidacloprid) and contrasted this with a standard insecticide-susceptible population. Using the discriminating concentration (LC₉₀) from the standard susceptible population, we identified resistant populations. Synergist exposure (piperonyl butoxide, triphenyl phosphate, diethyl maleate) indicated the role of detoxification enzymes in resistance. Our results showed that deltamethrin was the most toxic, followed by spinetoram, permethrin, and imidacloprid. While all field populations were similarly susceptible to pyrethroids and spinosyns, one population from Minas Gerais (i.e., Paula Candido) had significantly lower imidacloprid susceptibility, with only 53.4 ± 5.2% mortality at 10.0 g/L (the equivalent of 10-fold the estimated imidacloprid LC₉₀). Only piperonyl butoxide increased the imidacloprid susceptibility of Paula Candido flies. Our findings indicate the occurrence of cytochrome P450 enzyme-based imidacloprid resistance in the state of Minas Gerais, which can challenge the management of D. suzukii in Brazil.

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera) is a polyphagous fly responsible for a huge loss in production of thin-skinned berries, usually controlled with low-selective synthetic pesticides, which can be toxic for biodiversity and human health. Biorational control of D. suzukii is challenging, despite many known lethal compounds, since most experiments happen in laboratory conditions, and agroecosystems include complex biotic and abiotic variables. Nanoencapsulation rises as an efficient alternative for optimizing pesticide development by protecting active ingredients and increasing selectivity. This review aimed to gather recent (over the last 5 years) research about plant-derived insecticides with the potential to control D. suzukii, examining their toxicity mechanisms and exposure methods, and to identify research gaps and perspectives, especially for nanoproducts. These efforts resulted in the selection of 31 articles, evaluating lethality and behavioral modulation caused by plant-based compounds, which exerted mainly attraction, repellency, and oviposition deterrence. Most studies were carried out under laboratory conditions, mostly testing plants from the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae botanical families, indicating essential oils as potential short-life pesticides against every life stage of D. suzukii, although their physicochemical instability limits field application. There are few studies addressing nano-pesticides for controlling D. suzukii, and these data contribute to botanical prospection for pesticide compounds and point to the development of plant-based nano-pesticides for controlling D. suzukii as a research gap with potential to enable field trials.

The spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive pest of thin-skinned and stone fruits with growing economic impact worldwide. In Brazil, it was first reported in 2013 and has since spread across major fruit-producing states. Although previously detected in Rio de Janeiro (RJ), records were limited to isolated individuals, never in commercial orchards. Here, we provide the first evidence of D. suzukii establishment in a commercial ‘Biloxi’ blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum Linnaeus, field in Sapucaia, RJ. Initial vinegar traps captured seven females, confirmed in the laboratory. Subsequent banana–yeast bait traps collected both sexes, including one male, confirming establishment. Emergence assays from naturally damaged fruits demonstrated reproductive success, resulting in approximately 279 individuals (110 males and 169 females) from a total of 1.6 kg of damaged fruits. Monitoring also detected Zaprionus spp. (Diptera: Drosophilidae), another invasive drosophilid associated with fruit damage. To assess management options, we evaluated susceptibility of this D. suzukii population to imidacloprid. Bioassays showed that exposure to 0.140 mg/mL (LC50 for a susceptible reference strain) killed approximately 50% of adults, indicating local susceptibility, in contrast to reduced susceptibility reported in other Brazilian strains. Collectively, these findings confirm D. suzukii establishment in a new blueberry-producing region, reveal potential phytosanitary risks, and suggest that chemical control options remain effective locally. This integrated evidence highlights the importance of early monitoring and management strategies to safeguard Brazil’s expanding blueberry industry.

O monitoramento de insetos-praga é fundamental para o manejo de cultivos agrícolas, especialmente em fruteiras de casca fina. No entanto, ainda são limitadas as opções de armadilhas simples e acessíveis para o monitoramento de drosofilídeos (Diptera: Drosophilidae) de importância fitossanitária, como Drosophila suzukii e espécies do gênero Zaprionus. Neste trabalho, descrevemos a confecção e o uso de uma armadilha simples e de baixo custo para o monitoramento desses insetos. A eficiência da armadilha foi avaliada em dois ambientes distintos: um pomar de goiaba e uma área de mata. Em cada area foram colocadas cinco armadilhas e o tempo de coleta foi de 24h. As armadilhas permitiram a captura de drosofilídeos em ambos os locais, com maior abundância observada no pomar de goiaba. Foram registrados indivíduos de D. suzukii, Zaprionus sp. e outros drosofilídeos, evidenciando a capacidade da armadilha em amostrar espécies de interesse fitossanitário. Os resultados indicam que a armadilha proposta é eficiente e pode ser utilizada como uma ferramenta prática e acessível para o monitoramento de drosofilídeos em diferentes ambientes.