Introduction: Phytochemicals from medicinal plants are crucial in traditional systems like Ayurveda and are increasingly important in modern healthcare. Panchakol Churna, a polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation, is known for various therapeutic properties. This study aims to profile the bioactive compounds in Panchakol Churna using a bimodal approach that combines the Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemistry and Therapeutics (IMPPAT) database with high-resolution liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HRLCMS). Materials and Methods: Panchakol Churna was prepared according to the Ayurvedic Formulary of India, with ingredients authenticated by the Regional Raw Drug Repository at AIIA, New Delhi. Phytochemical identification involved the IMPPAT 2.0 database and HRLCMS analysis using an Agilent G6550A MS Q-TOF system in both positive and negative ionization modes. Data analysis with Venny 2.1 identified common phytoconstituents across both ionization modes. Results and Discussion: HRLCMS identified 200 compounds, 100 in each mode, with 45 and 81 major compounds confirmed. Venny 2.1 revealed 127 common compounds between the two modes, highlighting the common constituents of Panchakol Churna. No overlap was observed between the phytoconstituents identified by IMPPAT and HRLCMS. Conclusion: The lack of overlap between the IMPPAT and HRLCMS results underscores the formulation’s complexity and suggests further exploration of its therapeutic potential. The findings support the development of a chemical library for medicinal plants, facilitating future pharmacological research and the authentication of medicinal plants.

Ayurveda, a traditional Indian healing system, offers a holistic approach to mental health by addressing mind, body, and spirit imbalances, unlike conventional psychiatry’s symptom-focused treatments. This narrative review evaluates the efficacy and integrative potential of Ayurvedic interventions for disorders like anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and insomnia. A literature searches up to April 2025 across PubMed, Google Scholar, DOAJ, DHARA, and AYUSH Research Portal, using terms like "mental health" and "Ayurveda," or "Panchakarma" yielded initial 394 articles. After deduplication, removal of review articles, and screening of titles/abstracts, irrelevant records, 54 freely available full text articles were selected, of which 22 peer-reviewed studies (clinical trials, case reports) on interventions like Detoxification therapy (Panchakarma), Cognitive Rejuvenator (Medhya Rasayanas), and Psychocognitive behavioral therapy (Satvavajaya Chikitsa) were included for review, supplemented by Charak Samhita and reference lists. Data on study, interventions, and outcomes were extracted. Narrative synthesis revealed significant symptom relief in schizophrenia (Brahmyadi Yoga, Smriti Sagara Rasa), depression (Shirodhara, Virechana), and anxiety (Ashwagandha, Yoga), with case reports showing enhanced quality of life and reduced medication dependency when integrated with conventional therapies. Combining Ayurveda’s holistic focus with modern psychiatry amplifies patient-centered outcomes, yet regulatory inconsistencies and limited large-scale trials hinder broader adoption. Ayurveda presents a complementary strategy, particularly in resource-scarce settings, but requires robust trials and standardized protocols to bridge evidential gaps and enhance global mental health integration.