A bronchogenic cyst is a rare congenital malformation. It occurs due to the development of buds in any part of the tracheobronchial area. It can also lead to fatal complications, especially in the early stages of life. However, data on its diagnosis and treatment are scarce, owing to the rarity of the disease. This review article aimed at evaluating the literature on the manifestations of intramural bronchogenic cysts in the pediatric population. Medical databases were examined thoroughly to explore eligible articles for inclusion. Twenty-three articles appeared in the search result. The produced reports were evaluated against the predecided inclusion criteria. After reviewing the literature, eight articles were eligible for inclusion in this review. The included articles were published between 2000 and 2020. An intramural bronchogenic cyst is a rare condition that should not be neglected in a differential diagnosis. Surgical excision is currently the recommended management strategy. Further extensive studies about the management of the complications of intramural bronchogenic cysts are needed.

Objectives: Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is a rapidly progressive disease that may cause permanent hearing loss. Standard primary treatments include oral corticosteroids (OCs) or intratympanic corticosteroids (ITCs). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of OCs versus ITCs as primary treatments for ISSNHL. Design: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched Medline, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, identifying 11 RCTs comprising 833 patients. Results: Both OCs and ITCs significantly improved hearing, with average pure tone audiometry (PTA) gains ranging from 12 to 40 dB. No significant between-intervention difference was observed in post-treatment PTA. Generally, combination therapy yielded the greatest improvements (>40 dB and >60% recovery). OCs caused systemic adverse effects, whereas ITCs produced mostly mild local effects. Conclusions: Both treatment routes effectively improved hearing in patients with ISSNHL, with neither demonstrating clear superiority in overall efficacy. However, combination therapy may be associated with better hearing outcomes.

Background/Objectives: The parapharyngeal space is a complex anatomical region that houses critical neurovascular structures and serves as the origin of rare tumors, which account for 0.5–1% of head and neck neoplasms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for their preoperative assessment. However, its accuracy in real-world clinical settings remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI for parapharyngeal tumors at two tertiary centers. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent MRI and surgical excision at two tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia between 2018 and 2024. Two reviewers independently extracted their MRI data and compared them with the final pathological data to determine the diagnostic performance of MRI. Results: Of the 31 patients (58.1% female; median age, 37.5 years), 90.3% had benign tumors. Neurogenic (41.9%) and salivary (25.8%) tumors were most common; 61.3% were located within the pre-styloid space. The benign and malignant groups had comparable baseline characteristics. MRI demonstrated moderate overall diagnostic agreement (κ = 0.525) and near-perfect concordance for schwannomas (κ = 0.912) and paragangliomas (κ = 0.839) but poor agreement for hemangiopericytomas (κ = −0.051). It had high accuracy (90.3%), specificity (92.9%), and negative predictive value (96.3%) for detecting malignancy but limited sensitivity (66.7%) or positive predictive value (50.0%). Nonetheless, cautious interpretation is required due to the limited prevalence of malignancy in the cohort (n = 3). Conclusions: MRI demonstrated high specificity for benign parapharyngeal space lesions in routine clinical reporting within this retrospective cohort, reflecting strong radiologic–pathologic agreement. Estimates of sensitivity and positive predictive value for malignancy were influenced by the limited number of malignant cases. Accordingly, the reported diagnostic performance measures should be interpreted as descriptive and exploratory, characterizing real-world MRI performance rather than definitive diagnostic accuracy.

Iatrogenic foreign bodies of dental origin are rare and frequently involve the maxillary sinuses. We report an unusual case of tooth-root migration into the ethmoid sinus after dental extraction. A 54-year-old woman with a history of maxillary left molar extraction 6 months prior presented with symptoms of left nasal obstruction, green malodorous nasal discharge, hyposmia, and left-sided facial pressure for 3 months. She was diagnosed with unilateral sinusitis, and nasal endoscopy revealed severe left middle meatus edema with thick pus discharge. Computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses revealed a radiopaque foreign body in the left anterior ethmoid sinus with complete opacification of the left paranasal sinuses. The tooth root was extracted transnasally via functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Complete symptom resolution was achieved postoperatively. Sinonasal foreign bodies can cause sinusitis owing to mucosal irritation. Endoscopic extraction is an optimal treatment owing to its short operative time and reduced perioperative morbidity.

Background/Objectives: The co-occurrence of a carotid body tumor (CBT) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a rare clinical event. The frequency of this dual pathology in recent reports has sparked a debate on whether it represents a true pathophysiological association or an artifact of increased diagnostic surveillance. This study aims to report the prevalence, clinicopathological characteristics, management, and outcomes of concurrent CBT and PTC in a contemporary cohort. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent CBT resection at two tertiary centers between 2014 and 2024. Data on patient demographics, tumor characteristics, preoperative imaging, surgical management (single stage vs. staged), final histopathology, and clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results: Overall, 32 patients with surgically resected CBTs were included. Eleven patients (34.4%) had thyroid nodules identified on preoperative imaging. The mean age of the participants was 57.2 ± 16.3 years. Females represented the majority of the population (n = 27, 84.4%). Nine patients underwent thyroid surgery with subsequent pathological confirmation. Management involved resection at two different time intervals in five cases (55.6%) and a single-stage operation in four (44.4%). On final pathology, PTC was confirmed in eight patients (25.0%). During the follow-up period, no recurrences of either tumor type were observed. Conclusions: The prevalence of concurrent PTC in patients with CBTs is significantly higher than previously reported, reaching 25% in our cohort. This incidental finding raises the possibility of surveillance bias or underlying genetic mechanisms. Management with either a single-stage or staged surgical approach was not associated with major complications. The prognosis for patients with this dual pathology is excellent and appears to be dictated by the independent characteristics of each tumor.