Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the European economy. A critical challenge faced by SME leaders, as a consequence of the continuing digital technology revolution, is how to optimally align business strategy with digital technology to fully leverage the potential offered by these technologies in pursuit of longevity and growth. There is a paucity of empirical research examining how e-leadership in SMEs drives successful alignment between business strategy and digital technology fostering longevity and growth. To address this gap, in this paper we develop an empirically derived e-leadership model. Initially we develop a theoretical model of e-leadership drawing on strategic alignment theory. This provides a theoretical foundation on how SMEs can harness digital technology in support of their business strategy enabling sustainable growth. An in-depth empirical study was undertaken interviewing 42 successful European SME leaders to validate, advance and substantiate our theoretically driven model. The outcome of the two stage process – inductive development of a theoretically driven e-leadership model and deductive advancement to develop a complete model through in-depth interviews with successful European SME leaders – is an e-leadership model with specific constructs fostering effective strategic alignment. The resulting diagnostic model enables SME decision makers to exercise effective e-leadership by creating productive alignment between business strategy and digital technology improving longevity and growth prospects.

In the context of the “double cycle,” promoting the development of a green economy is an important goal for China’s high-quality economic development in the digital age. This paper uses data from 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China during the 2006–2019 period using the Compiled Green Finance Index ($GF$) and Digital Economy Index ($DE$). The interrelationship between green finance, digital economy and green total factor productivity ($GTFP$) is empirically tested by conducting multiple regressions on panel data from 2006–2019 to perform an empirical analysis. Based on this, further analysis was performed with the threshold model. This study found that green finance and digital economy can contribute well to green total factor productivity, but the combination of the two does not have a good effect on green total factor productivity. Further study found that the green finance and digital economy’s contribution to green total factor productivity is mainly derived from technological progress. The regression results based on the panel threshold model show that the more underdeveloped the digital economy is in certain regions, the stronger the role of green finance in promoting efficiency improvement. Therefore, policymakers should formulate differentiated green financial policies according to the level of development of the digital economy and give play to the role of green finance and the digital economy in promoting green total factor productivity.

Semantic interoperability establishes intercommunications and enables data sharing across disparate systems. In this study, we propose an ostensive information architecture for healthcare information systems to decrease ambiguity caused by using signs in different contexts for different purposes. The ostensive information architecture adopts a consensus-based approach initiated from the perspective of information systems re-design and can be applied to other domains where information exchange is required between heterogeneous systems. Driven by the issues in FHIR (Fast Health Interoperability Resources) implementation, an ostensive approach that supplements the current lexical approach in semantic exchange is proposed. A Semantic Engine with an FHIR knowledge graph as the core is constructed using Neo4j to provide semantic interpretation and examples. The MIMIC III (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care) datasets and diabetes datasets have been employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed information architecture. We further discuss the benefits of the separation of semantic interpretation and data storage from the perspective of information system design, and the semantic reasoning towards patient-centric care underpinned by the Semantic Engine.