This study provides information on the environment, modes of access and exploitation of Macrobrachium species, the level of capture, the operators and their organization. The data collected through interviews and direct observations revealed that Macrobrachium spp. are caught on the banks of the Congo River near the islands of Kimuabi, Malela and Mateba in Zones A and B of the Mangrove Marine Park (PMM). This fishery is carried out individually by a mainly male population throughout the year using a cylindrical creel baited with palm nuts and dead crabs. The free access to the fishery and the poor knowledge of the factors contributing to the existence of Macrobrachium spp. among some fishermen lead them to exert considerable pressure on this resource. This results in the capture of smaller and immature individuals of about 57 and 54 mm, respectively for males and females. It is necessary to deepen this study on the biological, ecological and economic aspects of this resource by involving all the stakeholders concerned by this exploitation in view of a participatory co-management where the fishermen will be particularly concerned. Key words: Macrobrachium, Mangrove Marine Park, D.R. Congo. This study provides information on the environment, modes of access and exploitation of Macrobrachium species, the level of capture, the operators and their organization. The data collected through interviews and direct observations revealed that Macrobrachium spp. are caught on the banks of the Congo River near the islands of Kimuabi, Malela and Mateba in Zones A and B of the Mangrove Marine Park (PMM). This fishery is carried out individually by a mainly male population throughout the year using a cylindrical creel baited with palm nuts and dead crabs. The free access to the fishery and the poor knowledge of the factors contributing to the existence of Macrobrachium spp. among some fishermen lead them to exert considerable pressure on this resource. This results in the capture of smaller and immature individuals of about 57 and 54 mm, respectively for males and females. It is necessary to deepen this study on the biological, ecological and economic aspects of this resource by involving all the stakeholders concerned by this exploitation in view of a participatory co-management where the fishermen will be particularly concerned. Key words: Macrobrachium, Mangrove Marine Park, D.R. Congo.

This study analyzes the functioning and sustainability of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium spp.) value chain in the Mangroves Marine Park, Democratic Republic of Congo, using the VCA4D methodology, which integrates economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and documentary review. The value chain, vital for local communities, also supplies urban markets in Boma, Muanda, Matadi, and Kinshasa. It involves five main actor groups: fishers, middlemen, retailers, restaurateurs, and consumers. High informality, fishers’ dependence on downstream actors, and the lack of traceability and sanitary control compromise overall efficiency and food safety. Value added is predominantly captured by urban retailers, particularly in Kinshasa. Socially and environmentally, the chain exhibits major vulnerabilities, including precarious livelihoods, low female inclusion, limited access to services, and anthropogenic pressures on ecosystems. The study therefore recommends, among other measures, establishing a sustainable management framework, including the protection of breeding areas and regulation of fishing effort, and strengthening actor capacities through improved preservation infrastructure and promotion of transparent pricing mechanisms. These measures aim to enhance the equity, resilience, and sustainability of this critical fishery resource.