Falcon is an efficient and secure postquantum signature scheme for services based on quantum computing. It employs the hash-and-sign approach in conjunction with the Gentry, Peikert, and Vaikuntanathan (GPV) framework on Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) lattices. This study evaluated the operation procedure and the capacity to run the Falcon scheme using a key length of 1024 bits on different hardware and software platforms, such as personal computers and Raspberry Pi 4 and Windows, Ubuntu, and Android operating systems. The following results were obtained: file sizes ranged from 30 to 5449268 KB, digital signature times ranged from 50 to 19500ms, and signature verification times ranged from 14 to 19000ms. The results show that the Falcon post-quantum signature scheme works stably and ensures execution speed on different platforms, similar to current digital signature schemes.

In this paper, a technique to develop a secure messaging service utilizing a new post-quantum cryptosystem, termed CryptoMess, is proposed. Commutative Supersingular Isogeny Diffie-Hellman (CSIDH) is utilized to secure key exchange paired with the AES algorithm to protect message content in communication. At the same time, the Rainbow post-quantum digital signature technology is incorporated to assure the integrity and authenticity of communications between the sender and the recipient. As a consequence, the messaging program is able to exchange messages between users, assuring safety, security, integrity, and authenticity. The performance of the program has a transmitting rate of approximately 0.26 s and a receiving rate of approximately 0.22 s. The message signing time is approximately 0.027 s, the message verification speed is approximately 0.22 s, and the key exchange time is approximately 0.0017s.

In this paper, the authors present a technique for developing a secure messaging service called “CryptoMess” which utilizes the Commutative Supersingular Isogeny Diffie-Hellman (CSIDH) algorithm for secure key exchange and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to protect message content in communication. In addition, the authors have incorporated the Falcon post-quantum digital signature technology to ensure the integrity and authenticity of communications between the sender and the recipient. The novel post-quantum cryptographic algorithms utilized by the authors are still under consideration in the competition to select cryptosystems for use in quantum computing systems organized by the NIST Standards Institute. As a result, the messaging program “CryptoMess” is able to exchange messages between users, providing safety, security, integrity, and authenticity. The authors have included modern post-quantum cryptography techniques, such as the Falcon digital signature system, to guarantee that the product operates safely. The program has a transmitting rate of approximately 209–261 ms and a receiving rate of approximately 168–206 ms. The message signing time is about 260 ms, and the message verification speed is approximately 185 ms. Key generation time is about 741 ms, key encapsulation time is about 1.454 ms, and key decapsulation time is about 1.921 ms. The source code of the “CryptoMess” communications program has been analyzed and tested by the authors using the Fortify Static Code Analyzer tool to ensure that the product has been created safely and securely.

Reading the information on the CIC/passport is very meaningful in serving the life activities of citizens in Vietnam and of foreign citizens visiting Vietnam. This research is based on the operating modes, such as BAC, FACE, and EAC to read the data contained in the chip put on the Citizen Identity Card (CIC) out securely. Specifically, the authors used the BAC mode to perform safe data reading from the CIC’s chip. BAC mode uses 3DES and SHA1 algorithms to encrypt data to ensure security, so when the data are transmitted from the chip they are encrypted and decryption is performed by the application. In this paper, a complete application has been built for reading personal information stored securely on CIC. This application is built based on the BAC reading mode corresponding to CIC in Vietnam and meets the requirements of the ICAO 9303 standard, so it is able to read passports or CICs of other countries that use this standard. The performance of this application when reading data stored on fields DG1, DG2, and DG13 is improved with a speed of about 1.2s - 1.3s for all 3 data fields.

In this study, the authors propose a solution for implementing a digital signature system using the post-quantum digital signature scheme Falcon on the FPGA hardware platform XC7A35T-CPG236. The system is combined with a software component developed in C# using the NET Framework 4.7, capable of running on the Windows operating system. Falcon is selected for its compact signature size and high computational performance, optimizing the signing and verification processes on hardware. The system is designed to leverage the hardware acceleration capabilities of an FPGA to enhance performance compared to software-only signature methods. The integration of the Falcon scheme into both hardware (FPGA) and software components ensures high flexibility for real-world deployment. The obtained results show that key generation execution time is approximately 1516.2 ms, while the signing and verification times are around 2–5 ms. Hardware resource usage has significantly improved, and the power consumption is 0.097 W (57%). However, the software component has not yet undergone thorough security testing. Given the achieved results in terms of execution time and energy consumption, the proposed device and software may be suitable for certain applications that do not require stringent performance and energy constraints. Furthermore, this research demonstrates the feasibility of deploying post-quantum cryptographic solutions on embedded hardware platforms, contributing to the development of secure communication systems in the future.

Tạp chí Khoa học Giao thông vận tải - Trường Đại học Giao thông vận tải;Transport and Communications Science Journal under University of Transport and Communications was established in 2002 and launched online version in 2019.