Mixed sex cord–stromal tumors, which consist of poorly differentiated Sertoli cells and Leydig cells and juvenile granulosa cell tumor tissue, are extremely rare. Most of these tumors are unilateral and stage I at the time of diagnosis; nonetheless, according to the available relevant English-language literature, these tumors maintain a malignant potential. We herein report a case involving a 15-year-old girl diagnosed with a mixed sex cord–stromal tumor (gynandroblastoma with juvenile granulosa cell tumor component). Left salpingo-oophorectomy was initially performed, and the diagnosis of a juvenile granulosa cell tumor was established. Right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed 1 year later, at which time the specimen showed a different growth pattern involving epithelioid cells and tubules, resembling a Sertoli–Leydig cell tumor. Immunohistochemical staining was performed and the specimen was compared with that obtained 1 year earlier. We concluded that the tumors were linked and most likely constituted a gynandroblastoma (mixed form of sex cord–stromal tumor). Although this is an extremely uncommon ovarian tumor, it should be considered when diverse tumor morphology is identified. Bilateral metachronous involvement of the ovaries is possible. The grade of the Sertoli–Leydig cell component may influence the prognosis of such a tumor.

Objectives: Multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) aids in the diagnosis and management of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) by establishing a baseline immunophenotype for leukemic cells and measuring minimal residual disease (MRD) throughout the course of treatment. Aberrant expression patterns of myeloid markers in B-ALL are also examined during long-term surveillance. Here, we investigated the utility of the newly described myeloid marker cluster of differentiation (CD)371 in MRD surveillance via MFC in patients with CD371-positive B-ALL. Methods: Eight-color MFC with standard panels (including CD371) was used to evaluate 238 patients with newly diagnosed B-ALL. Expression levels of key markers were retrospectively assessed at diagnosis, as well as days 15 and 33 of therapy. Results: CD371 was expressed in 8.4% of patients with B-ALL. CD371 positivity was associated with older age at diagnosis, higher expression levels of CD34 and CD38, and lower expression levels of CD10 and CD20. Residual leukemic cells demonstrated decreased CD10 expression and increased CD45 expression after therapy, whereas CD371 expression remained stable. Conclusions: Patients with CD371-positive B-ALL exhibit a specific signature that merits further analysis, particularly because it has been associated with DUX4 rearrangement.

Measurable residual disease (MRD) is the most powerful predictor of relapse and long-term survival in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), consistently outperforming traditional clinical and cytogenetic risk factors. The advent of high-sensitivity next-generation sequencing (NGS) capable of detecting MRD at 10⁻⁶ has transformed monitoring, reclassifying a substantial proportion of patients previously deemed negative by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) or quantitative PCR (qPCR), and revealing clinically relevant disease persistence at ultra-low levels. This review synthesizes current MRD detection platforms and their clinical applications across frontline therapy, allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and relapsed/refractory disease with specific focus on B-ALL. We integrate the 2024 European LeukemiaNet (ELN) and the 2025 US expert panel recommendations, highlighting important differences in preferred methodologies and decision thresholds. Particular attention is given to the emerging role of early deep NGS negativity in guiding transplant deferral among selected standard-risk patients, including some with Ph+ ALL treated with chemotherapy-free regimens, and to the challenges of interpreting persistent low-level positivity (10⁻⁴–10⁻⁶). Despite technological advances, key questions remain: when should deeper detection trigger therapeutic escalation, and how should discordance between modalities, peripheral blood monitoring, and subtype-specific variability be interpreted? Addressing these issues through prospective validation, platform harmonization, and broader global access will be essential to ensure that increasing sensitivity translates into evidence-based, equitable clinical benefit.

Aim: Synovial sarcomas (SS) are malignant tumors rarely arising in the head and neck region. In most of these cases, the tumor arises in the cervical or hypopharyngeal region, and extremely rarely ... Plain language summary Synovial sarcomas rarely arise in the head and neck region, specifically in the oropharynx. We report a case of an oropharyngeal synovial sarcoma patient that was presented w...

The medicinal use of curcumin has gained popularity in recent years especially so among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. In this report, we describe the case of a 51-year-old female breast cancer patient who self-medicated on large amounts of turmeric root infusions while receiving chemotherapy. The patient presented with yellowish discoloration of her skin, but normal-colored sclera. She also had severe neutropenia, which persisted despite halting chemotherapy. When her white blood cell counts returned to normal, only after stopping her turmeric regimen, we determined that her neutropenia is associated with turmeric consumption making this the first report to establish this link. This report demonstrates that, as an alternative form of medication, curcumin consumption should still be monitored in cancer patients. We provide the visible sign of yellowish skin discoloration as a visible aid for healthcare providers in detecting turmeric consumption as a risk factor to be considered in differential diagnoses of unexplained neutropenia.