The identification of wheat genotypes with balanced grain yield, stability, and antioxidant response to abiotic stress is crucial for creating adaptable varieties in changing climates. The research was conducted as a multi-environment trial (MET) across six environments (three localities over two seasons), and included 15 wheat genotypes (bread wheat lines, standard varieties and two spelt wheat lines). This study integrates AMMI and GGE biplot analyses with antioxidant profiling across growth stages to identify genotypes combining yield stability and stress tolerance. Lines KG-4/1, KG-11/1 and the variety Pobeda were identified as high-yielding and stable genotypes, with KG-11/1 ranked as an “ideal genotype” and KG-4/1 achieving the highest grain yield on MET level (6.48 t ha^–1). Specific adaptation of genotypes KG-40/1 and Renesansa indicates their potential for targeted breeding in particular environments. Antioxidant parameters (TPC and DPPH• scavenging activity) at early growth stages were positively correlated with grain yield, indicating that they can serve as suitable biochemical markers for selecting stress-tolerant, high-yielding wheat genotypes. This comprehensive approach, which includes the analysis of grain yield stability/adaptability and antioxidant parameters, is adequate for the evaluation of promising lines that may be suitable genetic resources in climate-resilient wheat breeding programs.

Under pronounced climate changes, identifying wheat genotypes with high yield potential and high stability across environments is becoming essential. A multi-environment trial (MET) with 15 wheat genotypes was conducted across three localities (Pančevo, Kragujevac, and Kruševac) during two growing seasons (2022/2023 and 2023/2024). The study evaluated genotype stability and adaptability for the number of grains per spike and assessed the discriminatory power of the test environments. The GGE biplot presented the combined genotype (G) + genotype × environemtnt (GE) effects, with PC1 and PC2 explaining 58.88 and 19.98% of the total variation, respectively. The spelt wheat lines achieved the highest values for the number of grains per spike and were positioned closest to the “ideal genotype”. Among the bread wheat genotypes, the line KG-40/1 showed the highest value and was narrowly adapted to the environmental conditions of Pančevo and Kragujevac in 2022/2023 season. The genotypes KG-9/1, KG-43/1, and NS 40S demonstrated high stability and high numbers of grains per spike. Environment Pančevo 2023/2024 exhibited the greatest representativeness and discriminative ability, making it the most suitable for genotype evaluation. These findings provide a practical basis for selecting stable and well-adapted genotypes in future wheat breeding programs.

The paper presents the types of alternative substrates (cellulose substrate, coconut fiber substrate, vermiculite, perlite, compost, and multicomponent substrates) used for microgreen cultivation, as well as their impact on the nutritional composition and quality of microgreens. The use of alternative substrates has nutritional, health, economic, and environmental justification.The reviewed studies indicate that the type of substrate plays a key role in microgreen production, affecting germination rate, biomass yield, nutrient composition, and accumulation of bioactive compounds. However, variations in substrate composition, physicochemical properties, and interactions with nutrient solutions can significantly affect plant performance, which highlights the need for substrate optimization and standardization