Smart assistive technologies such as sensor-based footwear and walking aids offer promising opportunities for gait rehabilitation through real-time feedback and patient-centered monitoring. While biofeedback applications show great potential, current research rarely explores integrated closed-loop systems with device- and modality-specific feedback. In this work, we present a modular sensor-based system combining a smart foot orthosis and an instrumented forearm crutch to deliver real-time vibrotactile biofeedback. The system integrates plantar pressure and motion sensing, vibrotactile feedback, and wireless communication via a smartphone application. We conducted a user study with eight participants to validate the system’s feasibility for mobile gait detection and app usability, and to evaluate different vibrotactile feedback types across the orthosis and forearm crutch. The results indicate that pattern-based vibrotactile feedback was rated as more useful and suitable for regular use than simple vibration alerts. Moreover, participants reported clear perceptual differences between feedback delivered via the orthosis and the forearm crutch, indicating device-dependent feedback perception. The findings highlight the relevance of feedback strategy design beyond hardware implementation and inform the development of user-centered haptic biofeedback systems.

The tongue is a uniquely agile muscular structure essential for vital tasks of speech, breathing, chewing, and swallowing, functions commonly disrupted following neurological injury. Yet, current rehabilitation approaches lack objective measures and techniques to characterize impairment and restore the tongue’s ability. Here, we introduce a clinic-friendly method that isolates and quantifies tongue agility, defined as the ability to execute rapid and precise movements, using a wireless intraoral sensing device that provides real-time visual feedback of movement. Six participants diagnosed with dysarthria completed seven one-hour intervention sessions. Tongue movement probability distributions were generated to identify individualized deviations from neurotypical patterns. An individualized visual feedback intervention was designed to redirect movement away from over-expressed regions toward under-expressed deficient areas. Across the intervention, sensing area coverage increased significantly by 10.29 %, while over-expressed areas decreased significantly by 3.99 %, and movement velocity improved significantly by 3.85 %. This pilot study provides promising preliminary evidence that precision visual feedback rehabilitation can reshape tongue movement patterns and enhance tongue agility in individuals with oral motor disorders.